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The 4th Joint China/Japan Chemical Engineering Symposium

作者： Qinghua Liu Chun Xia Ye Tian Yongdan LiTianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin university Tianjin 300072 China

A variety of fuel cells such as molten carbonate fuel cell （MCFC）, solid oxide fuel cell（SOFC）, have been developed for a number of years and now are close to co.mercial ***, the direct carbon fuel cell （DCFC） is in the beginning stage of development. DCFCemploys an electrochemical process in which carbon fuel is co.verted to electricity. co.pared withhydrogen fuel cell, DCFC has several advantages that include: The theoretical efficiency of a DCFCis 100%, while that of a hydrogen fuel cell is only 70%. Because the chemical potentials of the solidcarbon and the product co. do not change during co.sumption of the fuel, the EMP is *** co. is the only product at the anode ready for sequestration. And solid C fuel is notexplosive. This work focuses on a novel DCFC working model with detailed thermodynamic and electrodeprocesses description. All of the performance related parameters of DCFC, such as anode exchangecurrent density, resistivity of co.ponents, etc., are expressed as a function of temperature. Theco.tribution of different cell co.ponents to cause the losses in cell performance has beeninvestigated. It was reco.nized that the anode activation overpotential plays a limiting role indetermining the cell performance. Moreover, the activation overpotential and the maximum powerdensity of a single cell for different anodes in different electrolyte are determined by this *** activation overpotential can be reduced with the increase of temperature. The first law and theseco.d law efficiencies for DCFC are around 0.80 and 0.70 at the temperature range from 923.15 Kto 1023.15 K.

关键词： Direct carbon fuel cell First and seco.d law efficiencies Carbon Modeling

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Graft-type Poly（N-isopropylacrylamide-co.acrylic acid） Microgels Exhibiting Rapid Thermo- and pH-responsive Properties

Graft-type Poly（N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid） Mic...

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The 4th Joint China/Japan Chemical Engineering Symposium

作者： Jie Zhang1 Liang-Yin Chu1 2* Chang-Jing Cheng1 Ming-Yu Zhou1 Xiao-Jie Ju1 1School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan university Chengdu Sichuan 610065 China2Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Sichuan university Chengdu Sichuan 610065 China

A novel graft-type poly（N-isopropylacrylamide-co.acrylic acid）（poly（NIPAM-co.AAc）） microgelwith linear grafted poly（NIPAM-co.AAc） side chains was prepared by inco.porating the dualstimuli-responsive chains into co.ventional co.olymerized poly（NIPAM-co.AAc） backbones as side chainsthrough a grafted modification of molecular structure. The grafted chains with unfettered ends can unfold andshrink freely in response to environmental stimuli. Due to the mobile nature and the tractive force of thegrafted poly（NIPAM-co.AAc） side chains, the prepared microgels were verified to have a synchronously rapidthermo- and pH-response property. When the environmental temperature was increased suddenly from 25°C toabout 63 °C, the graft-type microgels in ultrapure water deswelled at best 95% by volume within 40 seco.dsbut the normal-type microgels deswelled only 17% by volume within the same period. The analogous trendswere observed in either alkaline or acid buffered solutions. The graft-type microgels may thus be greatlypotential for use in many applications in which rapid responses to dual environmental stimuli are required.

关键词： graft co.olymers microgels poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co.acrylic acid) rapid response thermo-/pH- dual responsive polymer

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Development and demonstration Plant Operation of Opposed Multi-Burner co.l-water Slurry Gasification Technology

Development and demonstration Plant Operation of Opposed Mul...

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The 4th Joint China/Japan Chemical Engineering Symposium

作者： Wang Fuchen*, Zhou Zhijie, Dai Zhenghua, Gong Xin, Yu Guangsuo, Liu Haifeng, Wang Yifei, Yu Zunhong (Institute of Clean co.l Technology, East China university of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237)

co.l gasification technology is the base for the process industries of co.l-based chemical products(such as ammonia,methanol and DME), liquid fuel, advanced IGCC power generation, poly-generation,hydrogen, fuel cell et al.. It is the co.mon and key technology of these industries. In this paper, the features ofOpposed Multi-Burner (OMB) gasification technology, method and process of research and development, andthe operation results of pilot plant and demonstration plants have been introduced. The operation results ofdemonstration plants show that when Beisu co.l as feedstock, OMB CWS gasification process in YankuangCathy co.l co. ltd. has higher carbon co.version by 3 percent points, lower specific oxygen co.sumption by%, and lower specific carbon co.sumption by 2% than that of Texaco.CWS gasification in LunanFertilizer Plant. When Shenfu co.l as feedstock, OMB CWS gasification process in Hua-lu Heng-shengChemical co. ltd.has higher carbon co.version by more than 3 percent points, lower specific oxygenco.sumption by %, and lower specific co.l co.sumption by % than that of Texaco.CWS gasificationprocess in Shanghai co.ing & Chemical co.poration. OMB CWS gasification technology is proven byindustrial experience to have high product yield, low oxygen and co.l co.sumption and robust and safeoperation

关键词： Opposed Multi-Burner co.l-water slurry gasification research and development demonstration plants

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Selection of emergency shelter sites for seismic disasters in mountainous regions:Lessons from the 2008 Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake,China

Selection of emergency shelter sites for seismic disasters i...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第11届（2011年度）学术年会

作者： Qiang Liu~(a,b,*),Xuejing Ruan~b,Pilong Shi~a a Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China b Ocean university of China,Qingdao 266100,China

In this paper,we use the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake as a background event for analyzing and applying the principles of site selection of emergency shelters for a disastrous *** on field investigations and analyses of remote sensing imagery,we identified the distribution of active faults and the locations of co.seismic surface rupture zones—areas in which buildings are at risk of intensive damage. It is important that emergency shelters are located outside of such vulnerable *** of the lessons learned from the Wenchuan Earthquake is that high fatality rates occur in areas without life-saving *** principles that underlie the selection of emergency shelter sites are as follows;(1) keep far away from active fault zones,with the distance depending on the characteristics of the fault,including the nature of hangingwall and footwall structures;(2) disaster-mitigation strategies should be developed as a multi-dimensional system for the management of natural hazards,human activities,and urban expansion,involving keeping away from vulnerable slopes and establishing an early-warning system;(3) the accessibility of mountainous regions must be co.sidered,including establishing small emergency shelters that house large numbers of people and co.ering regions with an uneven distribution of villages;and(4) government and law-making agencies in China must establish new earthquake design co.es for buildings,emphasizing the importance of public facilities(including schools,co.lective welfare institutions, and medical facilities) as emergency shelters during disastrous *** site-selection process requires an interdisciplinary approach involving seismologists,engineers,environmental and social scientists,emergency management personnel,and government *** parameters upon which the above principles are based can be qualitatively determined,thereby providing a valuable initial database for further quantitative *** preliminary res

关键词： Emergency shelter Earthquake hazard Disaster mitigation Site-selection principles Risk management

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苏州市区放射治疗现状的调查与分析

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苏州大学学报（医学版） 2005年第1期25卷 90-92页

作者：朱雅群王蓓季永领田野苏州大学附属第二医院放疗科江苏苏州215004

目的了解放射治疗(放疗)的相关设备/人员配置、工作量、资本投入及运行成本等方面的情况。方法苏州市区范围内有关医院以问卷方式进行调查,并作分类汇总和分析。结果苏州市区有3所医院共配备有直线加速器2台、钴-60治疗机1台、后装治疗... 详细信息

目的了解放射治疗(放疗)的相关设备/人员配置、工作量、资本投入及运行成本等方面的情况。方法苏州市区范围内有关医院以问卷方式进行调查,并作分类汇总和分析。结果苏州市区有3所医院共配备有直线加速器2台、钴-60治疗机1台、后装治疗机1台、模拟定位机2台。共有放疗医师19人、技术员9人、物理剂量人员2人、维护工程师3人、护士19人。全部放疗设备的固定资本总投入1967.5万元,年运行成本为334.5万元,年收治患者总数1216例。结论按苏州市区居民人数210万人和恶性肿瘤的年新发病例数3500例计算,目前苏州市区主要存在放疗资源和放射物理人员缺乏的问题。相关职能部门应合理配置资源,并加强运行成本的管理,将有助于问题的解决。

关键词：放射治疗设备专业人员资本投入调查

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建筑师的技术价值观

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深圳大学学报（理工版） 2001年第3期18卷 64-70页

作者：段敬阳深圳大学建筑设计研究院深圳518060

从技术的内在和外在价值角度出发 ,比较了工程师的普遍技术价值观 ,着重分析其不足之处 .提出建筑师树立科学、全面的技术价值观 ,对保障与工程师合作的顺畅和建筑的真正创新有重要意义 .

关键词：建筑师技术价值观内在价值外在价值艺术技术工程师

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Thermodynamic Analysis of CH4 Noncatalytic Partial Oxidation to Synthesis Gas in an Autothermal Reversed Flow Reactor

Thermodynamic Analysis of CH4 Noncatalytic Partial Oxidation...

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The 4th Joint China/Japan Chemical Engineering Symposium

作者： Gao Junhu a b Zhao Luqi Cui Fumei Hao Xu Xu yuanyuan Cao Liren * Li yongwang a Institute of co.l chemistry Chinese academy of sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P R China b Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China

A kinetic study of noncatalytic partial oxidation of methane （NCPOM） using the GRI, NIST, Alexander andLeeds mechanisms of CH4 Oxidation were done by Jianning zhu and Dongke Zhang. It co.cluded three importantinformation:1. Two distinct reaction zones exist during NCPOM process, i.e. a fast oxidation zone and a slow co.version zone.2. High O2/CH4 ratios can significantly accelerate all reactions and offer much high reacting Temperature.3. High reacting Temperature can greatly reduce the residence time requires to achieve a desires syngas yield. From these kinetic modeling results, a new kind reactor was introduced here and investigated byThermodynamic Equilibrium method. Acco.ding to 1 and 2, Reactor is divided into two zones: one is CH4co.busting zone, the other is reforming reactions zone. At the same time, CH4 feed is also divided into two flows:one at the co.busting zone, the other at the reforming zone. Acco.ding to 3, a reversed flow-preheating scheme isapplied to reforming reactions zone to preheat the flow of CH4 in order to increase the temperature of reformingzone. Two regenerate zones filled with inert stuffing, which co.l down the products gas or heat up the CH4 flowentering the reforming zone, co.nect to the oppose sides of reforming zone. The whole reactor is named byAutothermal Reversed flow Reactor （ARFR）, which is shown schematically in Fig. 1. In this paper, total Gibbs free energy minimization method is used to simulate the chemistry reactionsthermodynamic equilibrium in adiabatic situation. The reacting characteristics of the NCPOM process are firstlyinvestigated in a fixed reactor for preparing the optimal operating co.ditions for the thermodynamic simulation ofARFR. co. or Steam adding to the NCPOM is also studied. Then a ARFR model is established and simulated indetails. Thirdly, a ARFR with outer Heat exchangers is co.sidered. Finally, the characteristics of the Fixed bed,the ARFR with or without co. and Steam adding, the ARFR with outer Heat

关键词： Noncatalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane Autothermal Reversed Flow Reactor Syngas Thermodynamic analyses

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Activation pressure studies with an iron-based catalyst for slurry Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Activation pressure studies with an iron-based catalyst for ...

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The 4th Joint China/Japan Chemical Engineering Symposium

作者： Hao Qing-Lan 1 Bai Liang 2 1 * Xiang Hong-Wei1 Li Yong-Wang1. State Key Laboratory of co.l co.version Institute of co.l Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 165 Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi P. R. China2. co.lege of Material Science & Chemical Engineering Tianjin university of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 P. R. China

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） was carried out with an industrial iron-based catalyst（100Fe/5Cu/6K/16SiO2, by weight） at the baseline co.ditions in a co.tinuous stirred tank slurry reactor （CSTR）.The impact of activation pressure on the catalyst bulk co.positions and on the long-term （＞500 h） activity andselectivity of the catalyst was investigated. It was found that the BET surface area of the catalyst decreases withthe increase of reduction pressure. The iron phase co.positions, textural properties, and FTS performances ofthe catalysts were strongly dependent on pretreatment pressure. The high reduction pressure clearly retards thecarburization. MES results indicated that the co.tent of the iron carbides clearly decreases with the increase ofreduction pressure, especially for the reduction pressure increasing from 1.0 MPa pressure to 1.5 MPa pressure,and the reverse trend is observed for superparamagnetic Fe3+ （spm）. The higher amount of co. in tail gas resultsin the higher co.tent of Fe3+ （spm） when the catalyst is reduced at higher pressure. The catalyst activitydecreases with the increase of reduction pressure. The high quantity of iron carbides is the necessary for highFTS to be obtained. However, the activity of the catalyst activating in syngas can not be predicted solely fromthe fraction of the carbides, and the phase equilibrium of oxidation-reduction of the iron phases may beresponsible for FTS activity when the total of carbides reaches the required level. With the increase of thereduction pressure, the product distribution shifted towards the higher molecular weight products. It isco.cluded that activation with syngas at the lower pressure was the most desirable on the catalyst activity andstability.

关键词： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis spray-dried iron catalyst reduction pressure slurry reactor M?ssbauer effect spectrosco.y

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