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Browse silage as potential feed for captive wild ungulates in southern Africa:A review

Animal Nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 1-10页

作者： Khanyisile R.Mbatha archibold g.bakare University of South Africa Department of Agriculture and Animal Health Fiji National University College of AgricultureFisheries and Forestry

The objective of the review was to assess the potential of indigenous browse trees as sustainable feed supplement in the form of silage for captive wild *** attempts to use silage as feed in zoos in temperate regions have been conducted with *** on silage from the indigenous browse trees preferred by wild ungulates in southern Africa is *** use of silage from the browse trees is of interest as it has potential to reduce or replace expensive feed sources(pellets,fruits and farm produce) currently offered in southern African zoos,game farms and reserves,especially during the colddry *** leaf biomass from the indigenous browse trees can be produced for silage *** nutrient content and minerals from indigenous browsable trees are highly *** browse trees have low water-soluble carbohydrates(WSC) that render them undesirable for *** such as wilting browse leaves,mixing cereal crops with browse leaves,and use of additives such as urea and enzymes have been studied extensively to increase WSC of silage from the indigenous browse ***-nutritional factors from the indigenous browse preferred by the wild ungulates have also been studied *** browse silages are a potential feed resource for the captive wild *** the browse trees are used to make silage,they are likely to improve performance of wild ungulates in captivity,especially during the cold-dry season when browse is *** is needed to assess the feasibility of sustainable production and the effective use of silage from indigenous browse trees in southern *** intake and nutrient utilisation and reducing the concentrations of anti-nutritional compounds in silage from the indigenous browse trees of southern Africa should be the focus for animal nutrition research that need further investigation.

关键词： Anti-nutritional factors Indigenous browsable trees Nutritive value Silage Ungulates

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Ochratoxin A:Carryover from animal feed into livestock and the mitigation strategies

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 56-63页

作者： Abirami Ramu ganesan Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Sungkwon Park Rajesh Jha Ines Andretta archibold g.bakare In Ho Kim Department of Food Science and Home Economics School of Applied SciencesCollege of EngineeringScience and TechnologyFiji National UniversitySuvaFiji Islands Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul Faculdade de AgronomiaDepartment of Animal SciencePorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Animal Science College of AgricultureFisheries&ForestryFiji National UniversityFiji Islands Department of Animal Resource and Science Dankook UniversityCheonanSouth Korea

This review aims to highlight the effects of ochratoxin A(OTA)in the feed of meat-producing *** accumulation of OTA in feed and its distribution in various farm animals were compared and ***,the oral administration of OTA-contaminated feed and the predisposition in an animal's vital organ were critically examined in this *** collated reports show that OTA directly associated with endemic nephropathy and its high concentration leads to degeneration of liver cells,and necrosis of intestinal and lymphoid *** present,limited reports are available in the recent liter-ature on the problems and consequences of OTA in ***,this review focused on the OTA carryover from feed to farm animals and the interaction of its secondary metabolites on their biochemical ***,this report provides greater insights into animal health related to OTA residues in meat and meat *** article also explores mitigation strategies that can be used to prevent the carryover effects of OTA in livestock feeds and the effects in the food chain.

关键词： Ochratoxin A Feed Livestock Meat Mitigation strategy

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Selected fermented indigenous vegetables and fruits from Malaysia as potential sources of natural probiotics for improving gut health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1493-1509页

作者： Olaide Olawunmi Ajibola Raymond Thomas Babatunde Femi bakare Department of Biochemistry Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Faculty of Resource Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation Universiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan 94300Malaysia School of Science and the Environmental Science/Boreal Ecosystem Research Initiative Memorial University of NewfoundlandCorner Brook A2H 5G4Canada Department of Biology/Biotron Experimental Climate Change Research Centre Western UniversityLondon N6A 5BCanada Environmental Pollution and Remediation Research group Department of Chemical EngineeringMangosuthu University of TechnologyDurban 4031South Africa

In the Peninsular Malaysia and Northern Borneo island of Malaysia, various rich indigenous leafy vegetables and fruits grow and contribute to the nutritional and dietary values of the population. They have high water contents, thus, naturally vulnerable to rapid food spoilage. Food preservation and processing play a vital role in the inhibition of food pathogens in fruits and vegetables that are prevalent in Malaysia. Lactic acid fermentation is generally a local-based bioprocess, among the oldest form and well-known for food-processing techniques among indigenous people there. The long shelf life of fermented vegetables and fruits improves their nutritional values and antioxidant potentials. Fermented leaves and vegetables can be utilized as a potential source of probiotics as they are host for several lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus confusus, Weissella paramesenteroides, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus pentosus, Pediococcus acidilactici, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These strains may be more viable in metabolic systems whereby they can contribute to a substantial increase in essential biologically active element than industrial starter cultures. This review is aimed to address some essential fermented fruits and vegetables in Malaysia and their remarkable reputations as a potential sources of natural probiotics.

关键词： Ethnic Leafy vegetables Fruit Fermentation Lactic acid bacteria Malaysia

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Synthesis and Characterization of 1,4-Benzodioxane-6-Carboxylic Acid Amide Analogs

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2022年第3期12卷 143-160页

作者： Nabil Idris Alan J. Anderson Oladapo bakare Department of Chemistry Howard University Washington DC USA Department of Natural Sciences Bowie State University Bowie USA

A library of new 1,4-benzodioxane-6-carboxylic acid amide analogs was designed and synthesized. These analogs were obtained in six steps from gallic acid. Firstly, esterification of the commercially available gallic acid in methanol in the presence of sulfuric acid afforded methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (9) in satisfactory yield. The ester 9 was then reacted with an excess of 1,2-dibromoethane in the presence of K2CO3 in acetone to furnish the 6,8-disubstituted-1,4-benzodioxane (10) in 45% yield. The reaction of 10 with various mercaptans gave the sulfide derivative 11, 12, and 13 in moderate yield. Subsequent hydrolysis of the methyl ester in 13 followed by conversion to the acid chloride and reaction of the acid chloride intermediate with different commercially available primary and secondary amines gave the amide analogs 18 - 32 with an average yield of 43%. Conversion of the sulfide group in Compound 23 to Sulfoxide 33 or Sulfone 34 was accomplished by reaction with either 30% H2O2/TeO2 or 30% H2O2, respectively. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and high-resolution ESI-MS.

关键词： gallic Acid 1 4-Benzodioxane Derivatives Prostate Cancer Anticancer Drugs

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Synthesis of zeolite-magadiite composites＂ Effects of co-solvent and aluminum source

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Particuology 2016年第4期14卷 34-39页

作者： Idris A. bakare Oki Muraza Saheed A. ganiyu Abbas S. Hakeem Zain H. Yamani Adnan M.J. Al-Amer Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals PO Box 5040 Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals PO Box 5040 Dhahran 21261 Saudi Arabia Chemistry Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals PO Box 5040 Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

The one-pot synthesis of ZSM-5-magadiite, ZSM-23-magadiite, and ZSM-5-ZSM-23-magadiite using isopropylamine and 2-propanol as an organic structure-directing agent and co-solvent, respectively, was studied. Zeolite mixtures were prepared by adding 2-propanol （0 to 10wt%） to the reaction solu- tion. The intergrowth of composites was observed when 2-propanol was introduced as a co-solvent into the reaction mixture. Synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scan- ning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results revealed that the amount of 2-propanol and source of aluminum influenced the nature of the zeolite-magadiite composites formed.

关键词： lntergrowth Magadiite ZSM-23 ZSM-5 Composite

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Labetalol versus Hydralazine in the Management of Severe Pre-Eclampsia at Tertiary Hospitals in a Low-Resource Setting: A Randomised Controlled Trial

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and gynecology 2023年第6期13卷 1058-1067页

作者： Uzoma Otutoaja Adeyemo Olabisi Timothy Emmanuel Olumide Adewara Olufunmilayo Victoria Adebara Augustine Adebayo Adeniyi Babatunde Sunday Awoyinka Raymond Akujuobi Okere Idowu Oluseyi Adebara Adewumi bakare Mojisola Olumide Ayankunle Department of Obstetrics and gynaecology Ado-Ekiti/Federal Teaching Hospital Afe Babalola University Ido-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Ado-Ekiti/Federal Teaching Hospital Afe Babalola University Ido-Ekiti Nigeria

Objective: Intravenous labetalol and hydralazine are both considered first-line medications for the management of acute-onset, severe hypertension in pregnant and postpartum women. The study compared the efficacy and safety profile of intravenous labetalol and hydralazine in the control hypertension in severe pre-eclampsia. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients who presented with severe pre-eclampsia were randomized into two study groups. The fifty patients in each arm of the study received either intravenous labetalol or intravenous hydralazine for the control of blood pressure. Results: The mean age of the labetalol subjects was 28.6 ± 5.47 years while that of their hydralazine counterparts was 29.12 ± 5.77 years. The majority of respondents in both groups were primigravidae (76% vs. 78%) (P = 0.813). The number of doses of drug needed to significantly lower the mean systolic blood pressure was slightly lower in the labetalol group (2 doses) compared to the hydralazine group (5 doses) (t = 0.803Y, P = 0.977). The incidence of headaches which were the commonest complaints was comparable in both groups 8% and 10% of respondents respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Although both intravenous labetalol and hydralazine are useful in patients with severe pre-eclampsia, the response to labetalol was better with comparable side effects.

关键词： Blood Pressure Hydralazine Labetalol Low-Resource Setting Severe Pre-Eclampsia Side Effects

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Training of Food Providers for Improved Environmental Conditions of Food Service Outlets in Urban Area Nigeria

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 99-105页

作者： Motunrayo F. Olumakaiye Kudirat O. bakare Department of Family Nutrition and Consumer Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife Nigeria.

Environmental conditions and hygiene practices under which foods are prepared and served for public consumption are a matter of concern. The study was conducted to investigate the impact of training of food providers on environmental conditions of food service outlets (FSO) in and around a university community in Southwestern Nigeria. Structured questionnaire and “Spot Check Observation” (SCO) were used to assess the hygiene practices and environmental condition of the FSO respectively. Sixteen (16) High Density Food Service Outlets (HDFSO) and twelve (12) Low Density Food Service Outlets (LDFSO) were investigated. From the findings, mean score of SCO for HDFSO was low (2.93 ± 0.09) compared to LDFSO (4.32 ± 0.56) (p = 0.014). There were significant differences in source of cooking water (p = 0.003), solid waste disposal method (p = 0.031), liquid waste disposal method (p = 0.023) and toilet facilities (p = 0.001) between HDFSO and LDFSO. Significant differences existed in the environmental hygiene between HDFSO and LDFSO (p r = 0.789, p = 0.038), age (r = 0.631, p = 0.045), income (r = 0.623, p = 0.004) of food service providers and environmental condition. Service providers that were >40 years of age were more likely to score high in SCO in HDFSO than the other age groups (OR = 1.80, 95%CI = 1.21, 2.68). Those with tertiary education were twice more likely to score high in SCO compared to those with lower educational qualifications in LDFSO (OR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.48 2.78). Those who earned above ?40,000.00 were more likely to have higher SCO among both categories. A 3-day food safety workshop was organized among both groups at different times, three months later, SCO was conducted and scores improved greatly. Constant training of food service providers is important to improving the environmental condition of food service outlets in high-density urban areas in order to ensure food safety.

关键词： Food Service Environment Hygiene Training Nigeria

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A Comparative Study on the Effect of <i>Massularia acuminata</i>Fractions against Bacterial and Fungal Isolates from the Oral Cavity

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Health 2020年第7期12卷 904-913页

作者： Augustine Olusegun Olusola Oluwafemi Shittu bakare Oluwafemi Emmanuel Ekun Adesayo Olufunmi Olusola Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba Akoko Nigeria

The research aimed at carrying out a comparative study on the effect of Massularia acuminata fractions against bacterial and fungi isolates from the oral cavity. The Antimicrobial assay was carried on the following test organism;Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pnuemoniae,Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes. From antifungal result, it was observed that the highest inhibition was observed in the ethanolic extract of Massularia acuminata on Rhyzopus stolonifer, Candida albican and Fusarium solani. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts were also observed from the results to have an intermediate sensitivity to Aspergillus favus, Candida tropicalis, Candida albican, Rhyzopus stolonifer, Fusarium solani, while it was observed to be resistant to Fusarium solani, Rhyzopus stolonifer, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus favus for all the partitions of the extracts. From the antifungal effect of the M. acuminata fractions, it could be inferred that the ethanolic and methanolic extracts were quite effective in the inhibition of the fungi infections and the methanolic extract proved very infective on Candida albican, Rhyzopus stolonifer and Fusarium solani. From the result of the antibacterial effect of M. acuminata fractions, the highest inhibition was observed by the methanolic extract of Massularia acuminata against all the gram negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. Also the aqueous extract also had a less sensitivity against all the test microbes, as all proved resistant. It could be inferred that the fractions of the extracts were unable to inhibit the growth of the st

关键词： Massularia acuminata Antimicrobial Assay Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts Tetracycline

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Problem and pro-social behavior among Nigerian children with intellectual disability

Problem and pro-social behavior among Nigerian children with...

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第十九届世界儿童及青少年精神卫生与相关学科学术会议

作者： Muideen bakare Vincent Ubochi Peter Ebigbo Andrew Orovwigho Child and Adolescent Unit Federal Neuro-Psychiatric HospitalNew HavenEnuguEnugu StateNigeriaNigeria Department of Psychological Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital（UNTH）EnuguNigeria

＜正＞Background Co-morbid behavioral problems often complicate intellectual disability in children and *** is known about prevalence and pattern of behavioral problems existing co-morbidly among sub-Saharan African children with intellectual *** study assessed the prevalence and pattern of behavioral problems among Nigerian children with intellectual disability and also the associated factors.

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Integrated management of African rice gall midge (AfRgM) (<i>Orseolia oryzivora,</i>Harris and gagné), weeds and diseases of lowland rice

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 486-490页

作者： Akaamaa Clement Wada Samuel Oladele bakare Mohammed Bashir Mark Noye Ukwungwu National Cereals Research Institute Badeggi P.M.B. 8Bida Niger State Nigeria

Studies were conducted during the 2001 and 2002 cropping years at Edozhigi and Sachi in the Southern guinea Savannah of Nigeria to study the effect of following rice with another crop on the next rice crop. There were twelve treatments consisting of poor, good and excellent weed management and pesticidal applications against (AfRgM and diseases set up in a randomized complete block design, in twelve plots in 3 replicates. Results showed that rice treated with gramular isazofos at 0.75 kg a.i. ha–1 and benomyl at 1.0 kg/ha at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DAT), with good weed management and a follow up crop after rice reduced AfRgM occurrence and disease incidence with a consequent increase in yield of the next rice crop. In 2001 infestation of rice by ARgM was more at Sachi than Edozhigi, while in 2002 there was low ARgM occurrence at the two locations. Brown leaf spot was high at the two locations in the two years of the trial while leaf blast was checked by the integrated control methods used in the study. Higher yields were (1.7 - 11.9 t·ha) from treated-well weeded plots that were cropped to cowpea after the 2001 rice harvest Ludwigia decurens, Sphanoclea geylanica Cyperus difformis and Lepllocidia chinensis were the widely occurring weed species at Edozhigi site while Cyperus difformis, Ipomea mvolucrata, F. awuata and Firnbristylis litoralis were weed species prevalent at Sachi site. The rice nematode, hirschmanniella sp. was recorded at the Sachi site along with other nematodes but was absent at the Edozhigi site. The net benefit farmers would derive for following this rice-dry-season crop sequence vary from US$ 172 - 427 and US$ 175 - 265 ha–1 at Sachi and Edozhigi respectively.

关键词： African Rice gall Midge Diseases Lowland Rice Rice Nematode IPM Nigeria

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