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Early initiation of antiretroviral treatment: Challenges in the Middle East and North Africa

World Journal of Virology 2015年第2期4卷 134-141页

作者： Sara Sardashti Mehrnoosh Samaei Mona Mohammadi Firouzeh Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad Fatemeh Golsoorat Pahlaviani Seyed ahmad Seyed Alinaghi Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk BehaviorsTehran University of Medical Sciences

New World Health Organization guidelines recommend the initiation of antiretroviral treatment(ART) for asymptomatic patients with CD4+ T-cell counts of ≤ 500 cells/mm3. Substantial reduction of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission is addressed as a major public health outcome of this new approach. Middle East and North Africa(MENA), known as the area of controversies in terms of availability of comprehensive data, has shown concentrated epidemics among most of it's at risk population groups. Serious challenges impede the applicability of new guidelines in the MENA Region. Insufficient resources restrict ART coverage to less than 14%, while only one fourth of the countries had reportable data on patients' CD4 counts at the time of diagnosis. Clinical guidelines need to be significantly modified to reach practical utility, and surveillance systems have not yet been developed in many countries of MENA. Based on available evidence in several countries people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men are increasingly vulnerable to HIV and viral hepatitis, while their sexual partners- either female sex workers or women in monogamous relationships with high-risk men- are potential bridging populations that are not appropriately addressed by regional programs. Research to monitor the response to ART among the mentioned groups are seriously lacking, while drug resistant HIV strains and limited information on adherence patterns to treatment regimens require urgent recognition by health policymakers. Commitment to defined goals in the fight against HIV, development of innovative methods to improve registration and reporting systems, monitoring and evaluation of current programs followed by costeffective modifications are proposed as effective steps to be acknowledged by National AIDS Programs of the countries of MENA Region.

关键词： Antiretroviral agents HIV CD4 counts Coinfections Regional health planning

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Growth, yield and fiber quality characteristics of Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivars in response to boron nutrition

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棉花研究(英文) 2023年第1期

作者： MEHRAN Muhammad ASHRAF Muhammad SHAHZAD Sher Muhammad SHAKIR Muhammad Siddique AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen ahmad Fiaz ALVI Alamgir

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Geographic information science in the era of geospatial big data: A cyberspace perspective

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The Innovation 2022年第5期3卷 21-22页

作者： Xintao Liu Min Chen Christophe Claramunt Michael Batty Mei-Po Kwan ahmad MSenousi Tao Cheng Josef Strobl Arzu Cöltekin John Wilson Temenoujka Bandrova Milan Konecny Paul MTorrens Fengyuan Zhang Li He Jinfeng Wang Carlo Ratti Olaf Kolditz Alexander Klippel Songnian Li Hui Lin Guonian Lu Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARKowloonChina Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education of PRC) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China The French Naval Academy Research Institute 29240 Lanveoc-PoulmicFrance The Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis(CASA) University College London(UCL)WC1E 6BT LondonUK Institute of Space and Earth Information Science The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARShatin 999077China Department of Civil Engineering Cairo University12613 CairoEgypt SpaceTimeLab Department of CivilEnvironmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College London(UCL)WC1E 6BT LondonUK Department of Geoinformatics University of Salzburg5020 SalzburgAustria Institute of Interactive Technologies(IIT) University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland FHNW5210 WindischSwitzerland Spatial Sciences Institute University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007USA Laboratory on Cartography Department of Photogrammetry and CartographyUniversity of ArchitectureCivil Engineering and Geodesy1164 SofiaBulgaria Laboratory on Geoinformatics and Cartography Department of GeographyMasaryk University61137 BrnoCeskáRepublika Computer Science and Engineering Tandon School&Center for Urban Science+ProgressNew York UniversityNew YorkNY 10012USA School of Humanities and Social Science Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Urban Studies and Planning Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Centre for Environmental Research Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ04318 LeipzigGermany Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6708the Netherlands Department of Civil Engineering Toronto Metropolitan UniversityTorontoON M5B 2K3Canada School of Geography and Env

The advent of information and communication technology and the Internet of Things have led our society toward a digital *** proliferation of personal computers,smartphones,intelligent autonomous sensors,and pervasive network interactions with individuals have gradually shifted human activities from offline to online and from in person to *** transformation has brought a series of challenges in a variety of fields,such as the dilemma of placelessness,some aspects of timelessness(no time relevance),and the changing relevance of distance in the field of geographic information science(GIScience).In the last two decades,“cyber thinking”in GIScience has received significant attention from different *** instance,human activities in“cyberspace”need to be reconsidered when coupled with the geographic space to observe the first law of geography.

关键词： computer cyber instance

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A Potential Approach to Enhance the Seebeck Coefficient of UHMWPE by Using the Graphene Oxide

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Non-Metallic Material Science 2020年第2期2卷 21-27页

作者： Aqsa Irfan Malik Naqash Mehmood Malik Sajjad Mehmood Arif Aziz Mansoor ahmad Baluch Muhammad Rizwan Tariq Yasin Department of Basic Science University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47050Pakistan Department of Physics Air University444000IslamabadPakistan Harbin Engineering University HarbinHeilingjiang150001China Department of Chemistry Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences45650IslamabadPakistan

Thermoelectric materials have been a competent source for the production of energy in the present *** most important and potential parameter required for the material to have better thermoelectric characteristics is the Seebeck *** this work,ultra high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)and graphene oxide(GO)nanocomposites were prepared by mechanical mixing by containing 10000ppm,50000ppm,70000ppm,100000ppm,150000ppm,and 200000ppm loadings of graphene *** to the intrinsic insulating nature of UHMWPE,the value of Seebeck for pristine UHMWPE and its nanocomposites with 10000ppm&50000ppm of GO concentration was too low to be ***,the Seebeck coefficient for composites with 70000ppm,100000ppm,150000ppm,and 200000ppm loadings of GO was found to be 180,206,230,and 235μV/K,*** higher values of Seebeck coefficients were attributed to the superior thermal insulating nature of UHMWPE and the conductive network induced by the GO within the UHMWPE insulating ***,the values of the figure of merit and power factor were negligibly small due to the lower concentration of charge carriers in UHMWPE/GO nanocomposites but still reported,results are extremely hopeful for considering the composite as the potential candidate for thermoelectric applications.

关键词： UHMWPE Graphene oxide Electrical conductivity Thermal conductivity Seebeck coefficient Figure of merit

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Natural Nanoskin Advanced Cell Therapy (ACT) and Nanoskin ACT Soft towards the Definitive Solution for Acute and Chronic Wounds

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology（生物材料与纳米技术） 2023年第2期

作者： Saqer Al Mualla Noura Salim Salman Nasreen Abdelatif Salma Al Ketbi Pierre Basmaji Mohamed Kanjou Mirvan ahmad

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西方视域下的中国工业旅游经济发展评估

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现代经济信息 2017年第4期 27-27页

作者： MANSOOR·ahmad ELENA·KIM 中央财经大学

本文主要是从从西方视域下,对中国工业旅游经济发展的状况进行谨慎的评估。工业旅游是这些年来出现的比较新型新型的的旅游方式之一,是把工业与旅游结合在一起的新型特色旅游,这是继常规的旅游之后,有着相对来说更有发展空间的一种旅游... 详细信息

本文主要是从从西方视域下,对中国工业旅游经济发展的状况进行谨慎的评估。工业旅游是这些年来出现的比较新型新型的的旅游方式之一,是把工业与旅游结合在一起的新型特色旅游,这是继常规的旅游之后,有着相对来说更有发展空间的一种旅游方式。本文主要结合西方视域下,对中国工业旅游经济的发展进行谨慎评估。

关键词：中国工业旅游经济发展评估

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Herbal medicine in treatment of dysmenorrhea:a systematic review

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TMR Integrative Medicine 2022年第23期6卷 1-7页

作者： Hamidreza Sheikh Roshande Romina Negari Namaghi Fatemeh Ghadimi Zohreh Pour ahmad Sajjad Ghasemzadeh Neda Moghari Zadeh Roksana Mirkazemi Farzanegan Nik Andish Institute for the Development of Knowledge and Technology TehranIran. Research Institute of Nutritional Sciences and Traditional Medicine Ta'm Asrar TehranIran. Faculty of Nutrition Tabriz University of Medical ScienceTabrizIran. Department of Cultural Sociology Faculty of HumanitiesIslamic Azad University Kish InternationalKish IslandIran. Emam Hossein Hospital Iran Medical Science UniversityTehranIran.

Objective:Herbal medicine has been a standard treatment for primary dysmenorrhea in different cultures and countries,and multiple studies have shown its possible positive effect on pain *** systematic review of the literature was conducted to assess different types of herbal medicine used to treat primary dysmenorrhea and evaluate the effectiveness of these ***:This study systematically reviewed published articles on herbal medicine treating primary dysmenorrhea for 10 years(2011-2021),using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)*** February 2022,international credible scholarly databases were ***,the references of selected articles were hand searched to find relevant *** on the search syntax,the search guideline was first defined for the PubMed database and was later revised according to each database’s specific framework of search *** studies were included if they were either clinical trials or Quasi-Experimental,published in English or Persian between 2011 to *** literature,unfinished studies,and studies without well-defined primary dysmenorrheal participants were ***:Seventy-three studies investigated the effectiveness of a total of 44 plants and plant combinations(35 single plants and 9 combinations of plants)on primary dysmenorrhea of which only one study did not report a significant positive *** was the most investigated *** studies assessed the effects of ginger alone,and four studied the combination of ginger with other plants,all of them showed significant effects but one *** studies investigated the effects of either fennel or its combination,five studies were on chamomile and three studies were related to ***,all of them,except one,reported the positive effect of herbal medicine on primary ***:Different herbal medicine has been used to treat primary dysmenorrhea,significantly reducing

关键词： primary dysmenorrhea herbal medicine plant plant extracts clinical trial systematic review

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