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Experimental Evaluating of the Physical, Mechanical and Durability Properties of Natural, Recycled and Both Combined Aggregates Based Concretes

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2023年第3期14卷 117-141页

作者： Etienne Malbila arba a.t. ouedraogo Nicolas Kagambega Gilbert G. Nana Sié Kam David Y. K. toguyeni Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie (ESI) Université de Fada N’Gourma (UFDG) Fada-N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Energies thermiques Renouvelables (LEtRE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou (EPO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

this experimental study aims at the reuse of recycled aggregates (RA), resulting from the demolition of concrete, cement block and cement mortar, in the manufa.t.re of common construction in Burkina Faso. the RA can readily replace natural aggregates in concrete. then five formulations of natural and recycled aggregates based concrete for chara.t.ristic strength of 25 Mpa were prepared in addition to the natural aggregates base concrete named reference concrete (BN): two types of recycled aggregates concrete (BR), three types of recycles and natural combined aggregates base concrete (BC). the properties of natural and recycled aggregates were chara.t.rized and the physical, mechanical strength and durability properties were also evaluated for all concrete specimens. All the studied concrete formulation present a density between 2000 kg/m3 ≤ ρ ≥ 2600 kg/m3 and an average slump of 4.9 ± 0.1 cm. the obtained results indicate that the recycled aggregates are suitable for current concrete. two out of the five combinations studied, such as the natural (BN) and combined aggregate (BC2) based concretes satisfy the mechanical chara.t.ristics (Rc28 > 25 MPa) at 28 days of age and an average absorption coefficient of 2.93% and 3.98%. the recycled aggregate based concrete (BR1, BR2) and combined aggregate based concrete (BC1), gave respective average compressive strength of 21.55 MPa, 20.50 MPa and 20.30 MPa, i.e. a difference of 13.80% to 18.80% under the chara.t.ristic strength (25 MPa) aimed at 28 days of age. thus, the recycled aggregates are in conformity with the normative prescriptions and their use for standard concrete gives adequate physical, mechanical and durability properties for the production of the C20/25 concrete series in the common civil engineering applications.

关键词： Concrete Demolition Wa.t. Aggregate Recycled Aggregate Strength Water Absorption

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Acute toxicity and a.t.elmintic Effects of Gomphrena serrata L. (Amara.t.aceae) Extra.t. on Adult Worms and Eggs of Haemonchus contortus

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第5期15卷 207-221页

作者： Hippolyte ouedraogo Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Aristide traore Gilchrist Abdoul Laurent Boly Félicité Moyenga Gueswindé Geoffroy ouedraogo Sylvain Ilboudo Lazare Belemnaba Sylvin ouedraogo Laboratoire de Recherche-Dé veloppement de Phytom&#233dicaments et M&#233dicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&#233 (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Dé veloppement du M&#233dicament (LADME) Centre de Formation deRecherche et d&#8217Expertises en Sciences du M&#233dicament (CEA-CFOREM) &#201cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant&#233 (ED2S) Universit&#233 Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso International Research Laboratory-Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233s (IRL 3189 ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Gomphrena serrata L. (Amara.t.aceae) is a medicinal pla.t.widely used traditionally in rural areas to treat many diseases, including ga.t.ointestinal helminthiasis of small rumina.t.. this work aims to estimate the pla.t.extra.t. phytochemical potential and study the a.t.vities of the aqueous decoction (GS_AD), aqueous macerate (GS_AM), and hydroalcoholic macerate (GS_HEM) of Gomphrena serrata extra.t. on two developmental stages (eggs and adult worms) of Haemonchus contortus. Phytochemical screening was carried out. the acute toxicity test was performed according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 423. the Haemonchus contortus eggs hatching inhibition test was performed left to incubate for 48 hours in the presence of the different pla.t.extra.t. at increasing concentrations of 0.125;0.25;0.5;0.625;1;2;3 mg/mL. For the motility inhibition test on adult worms, the worms were conta.t.d with the extra.t. at concentrations of 0.75;1;1.25;1.5;2;3;4 mg/mL and left to incubate for 24 hours. Albendazole and levamisole were used as standard. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing compounds, coumarins and derivatives, a.t.ocyanins, steroids, triterpenes, and flavonoids. An acute toxicity study showed that the oral LD50 value of G. serrata was estimated to be 5000 mg/kg. All extra.t. showed an effect on both stages of parasite development. the hatching inhibition rate was 100% from 3 mg/mL for all three extra.t.. the rate of inhibition of motility was 100% from 4 mg/mL for each extra.t. HEM is more efficient on eggs and Haemonchus contortus adult worms than other extra.t. with IC50 of 0.457 mg/mL and LC50 of 1.329 mg/mL, respectively. these results suggest that Gomphrena serrata, a pla.t.used by farmers, has a.t.elmintic properties.

关键词： Gomphrena serrata Haemonchus contortus a.t.elmintic In Vitro

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Numerical Assessment of the thermal Efficiency of a Concentrated Photovoltaic/thermal (CPV/t) Hybrid System Using Air as Heat transfer Fluid

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Sma.t.Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Amadou Konfe Boureima Kabore Yves Christian Nonguierma Fatimata ouedraogo Sié Kam Laboratory of thermal and Renewable Energies University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Physic Depa.t.ent University Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Photonics and Nolinear Optics Laboratory University of Moncton Moncton Canada

In this paper, we propose a.t.ermal model of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal concentration system. Sta.t.ng from the thermal balance of the model, the equation is solved and simulated with a MAtLAB code, considering air as the cooling fluid. this enabled us to evaluate some of the parameters influencing the electrical and thermal performance of this device. the results showed that the temperature, thermal efficiency and electrical efficiency delivered depend on the air mass flow rate. the electrical and thermal efficiencies for different values of air mass flow are encouraging, and demonstrate the benefits of cooling photovoltaic cells. the results show that thermal efficiency decreases air flow rate greater than 0.7 kg/s, whatever the value of the light concentration used. the thermal efficiency of the solar cell increases as the light concentration increases, whatever the air flow rate used. For a concentration equal to 30 sun, the thermal efficiency is 0.16 with an air flow rate equal to 0.005 kg/s;the thermal efficiency increases to 0.19 with an air flow rate equal to 0.1 kg/s at the same concentration. An interesting and useful finding was that the proposed numerical model allows the determination of the electrical as well as thermal efficiency of the hybrid CPV/t with air flow as cooling fluid.

关键词： PV Cell Concentrating thermal Energy Conversion Cooling Hybrid System

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Influence of Heavy Fuel Oil on the thermo-Physical and Erodibility Properties of Ea.t.en Materials

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Chara.t.rization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 37-48页

作者： Ohindemi G. Yameogo Donzala D. Some Souleymane ouedraogo Philbert Nshimiyimana Sié Kam Dieudonné J. Bathiebo Laboratoire d’Energies thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.t.RE) Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR-SEA) University Joseph Ki-Zerbo of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ministry in Charge of Infra.t.uctures Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Depa.t.ent of Civil Engineering and Architectural Design Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University Saga Japan Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables (LEMHaD) Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de L’Environnement (Institut 2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

this study focuses on the use of heavy fuel oil in construction material in Burkina Faso. Its mixture with silty or clayey soil is used as a coating to reinforce the walls of raw ea.t. constructions which are very sensitive to water. the interest of this study is to determine erodibility, water content, while highlighting the influence of the porosity accessible by water on thermal diffusion in construction material containing heavy fuel oil. the heavy fuel oil was mixed with a silty-clayey soil, in different proportions, and water to make bricks samples on which tests were carried out. At the end of the experimental tests, it appears that the water content increases gradually, but not significa.t.y with the addition of heavy fuel oil, which causes a slight increase in the speed of heat propagation through the material with reduced porosity, pa.t.cularly those containing higher qua.t.ties of heavy fuel oil. Conversely, we note a good performance of heavy fuel oil in terms of water resistance properties such as porosity accessible by water and erodibility. this allows us to conclude that the mixture of heavy fuel oil and silty-clayey soil used as a coating material could greatly reduce water infiltration into the walls of housing constructions with raw ea.t.en materials.

关键词： Porosity Accessible by Water Erodibility Water Content thermal Diffusion

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Contribution of Satellite Observations in the Optical and Microphysical Chara.t.rization of Aerosols in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 154-171页

作者： Nébon Bado Serge Dimitri Bazyomo Germain Wende Pouiré ouedraogo Bruno Korgo Mamadou Simina Dramé Florent P. Kieno Sié Kam Laboratoire d’Energies thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.t.RE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouaga Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon-Fongang Université Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar-Fann Sénégal Institute of Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Porto-Novo Benin

In this work, we proceed to an optical and microphysical analysis of the observations reversed by the MODIS, SeaWiFS, MISR and OMI sensors with the aim of proposing the best-ada.t.d airborne sensor for better monitoring of aerosols in Burkina Faso. to this end, a comparison of AOD between satellite observations and in situ measurements at the Ouagadougou site reveals an underestimation of AERONEt AOD except for OMI which overestimates them. Also, an inter-comparison done based on the linear regression line representation shows the correlation between the aerosol models incorporated in the airborne sensor inversion algorithms and the aerosol population probed. this can be seen through the correlation coefficients R which are 0.84, 0.64, 0.55 and 0.054 for MODIS, SeaWiFS, MISR and OMI respectively. Furthermore, an optical analysis of aerosols in Burkina Faso by the MODIS sensor from 2001 to 2016 indicates a large spatial and temporal variability of pa.t.cles strongly dominated by desert dust. this is corroborated by the annual and seasonal cycles of the AOD at 550 nm and the Angström coefficient measured in the spectral range between 412 nm and 470 nm. A zoom on a few sites chosen according to the three climatic zones confirms the majority presence of mineral aerosols in Burkina Faso, whose maxima are observed in spring and summer.

关键词： AERONEt Airborne Sensors Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties

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Study of the behaviour of the dielectric consta.t.in Cu,Fe:BatiO_3

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第3期9卷 429-434页

作者： Alioune ouedraogo Kalifa PALM Issaka ouedraogo Guy CHANUSSOt Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Physics UFR/SEA University of Ouagadougou BP 7021 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Dielectrics University of Dijon 21000 Dijon France)

In this work we study the behaviour of the dielectric consta.t.of BatiO3 single crystals doped with Cu and Fe for different ion percentages, pa.t.cularly, the influence of these hetemvalent substitutions on the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition whose temperature is found at tc=120℃ for pure samples. the dielectric consta.t.e in terms of temperature shows that the Curie temperature decreases when the qua.t.ty of impurities increases and presents a broadening and fla.t.ring of the maximum oft（t） within higher values, with the transition becoming more and more diffuse. It is interesting to have a material with very high permittivity （high-k） because of its capacity to store an importa.t.qua.t.ty of electric charges. the t anisotropy and the Curie-Weiss law are also verified with a good ratio between the slopes ofε^-l（t） from both sides of the transition, leading to a Curie consta.t. C= 13 × 10^4 K for BatiO3：1.6%Fe in the polar phase. BatiO3 is a displacive ferroelectric going through a first-order phase transition. the substitutions have an effect on the dynamics of the perovskite la.t.ce. they induce charges transfer to ti and a diminution of ela.t.c forces in BatiO3. then we discuss the transition but on the nature of the material. fa.t.that the maximum of permittivity does not depend on the phase

关键词： Phase transition Ferroelectric BatiO3 Remeika single crystals Dielectric constant Curie constant

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Identification of pests and assessment of their damage on Carapa procera and Lophira lanceolata in Burkina Faso,West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 585-591页

作者： Baslayi tindano Olivier Gnankine Amade ouedraogo Mamadou traore Jφrgen Axelsen Anne Mette Lykke Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la.t.rre Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et AppliqueeUniversite de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie etde la.t.rre Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie VegetalesUniversite de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 OuagadougouBurkina Faso INERA Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles01 BP 476 Ouagadougou 01Burkina Faso Depa.t.ent of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. the present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of insect pests that a.t.ck Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. the experiment was set up in western Burkina Faso and, for C. carapa, consisted of pests collected from seeds that had fallen to the ground and from stockpiled seeds. For L. lanceolata, pests were collected from fruits on the trees, and on the ground. the collected samples were sent to the laboratory to estimate the proportion of damaged seeds/fruits and rear the insects. the results showed that Ephestia spp., tribolium ca.t.neum, Oryzeaphilus spp., and tenebroides mauritanicus were the pests of Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. Ephestia spp. was recorded as the main pest of both C. proeera and L. lanceolata, whereas t. ca.t.neum was only detected from seeds of L. lanceolata. For C. procera, the stocks were the most infested （29 %） by Ephestia spp. the infestation rate of fruits of L. lanceolata by Ephestia spp, on trees （31.42 ± 3.75 %） was less than the rate of fruits by t. ca.t.neum on the ground （44.00 ± 3.5 %）. the different body sizes of Ephestia spp. may indicate the occurrence of two putative species, one from C. procera and another one from L. lanceolata. this work provides importa.t.information that could contribute to the setting up of a local-scale sustainable management framework for oil tree pests in Burkina Faso and surrounding countries.

关键词： Insect diversity Carapa procera Lophiralanceolata Ephestia spp. Pest management

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Maxillary Osteitis in the Yalgado ouedraogo teaching Hospital: Epidemiological, Clinical and therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第4期8卷 101-109页

作者： t. Konsem M. Millogo V. Ili A. Coulibaly R. W. L. ouedraogo L. ouedraogo D. ouedraogo CHU-YO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso CHU-SS Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Purpose: Report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of maxillary osteitis. Material and Methods: this was a descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study carried out in the Depa.t.ent of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Yalgado ouedraogo teaching Hospital, covering a period of 7 years. Results: We registered 68 cases of maxillary osteitis with an annual hospital frequency of 9.71 cases. the mean age was 27.5 years +/-4.02 with extremes of 4 years and 72 years. Farmers/herders were the most concerned in 67.65% of the cases. Reasons for consultation were dominated by swelling of the cheek in 79.41% of cases. the average time to consultation was 7 months. tooth decays and dental avulsions were mostly implicated in etiologies in 79.41% of the cases. treatment provided was medical and surgical. All patients received a.t.biotic therapy. Surgical treatment involved 51.47% of patients. the evolution was favorable in 89.70% of the patients. Sequelae were found in 58.82% of the patients. Conclusion: Maxillary osteitis is common in our regions. treatment is medical and surgical. It is marked by many difficulties, especially the delay in consultation.

关键词： Osteitis Maxillary Epidemiology Clinical therapeutic Ouagadougou

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Maxillary Amelobla.t.ma, Epidemiological Aspects and treatment at the Yalgado ouedraogo University Hospital (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第5期8卷 149-157页

作者： t. Konsem M. Millogo R. W. L. ouedraogo V. Ili L. ouedraogo A. Coulibaly D. ouedraogo HU-YO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso CHU-SS Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Purpose: to report any epidemiological, anatomo-clinical and therapeutic aspects of maxillary amelobla.t.ma at the Yalgado ouedraogo University Hospital (CHU-YO). Materials and Method: this was a descriptive and retrospective study covering the period ranging from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016. All patients received in the stomatology depa.t.ent for maxillary amelobla.t.ma with histological confirmation were included in the study. Consultation registers were used as the basis for data collection. Results: In our study, 50 cases were reported, i.e. an incidence of 7.14 cases per year. the mean age was 30.16 years with a sex ratio of 0.56. Housewives were the most affected and the average time to consultation was 2.5 years. the site of the tumor was in the majority of cases the mandible 82%, with swelling as the main reason for consultation. X-rays showed a predominance of monogeodic images in 56% of the cases. Conservative surgery was performed in 56% of the cases. Conclusion: Amelobla.t.ma is common in our area, chara.t.rized by delayed consultation. Strengthening of the technical facilities and awareness campaigns for the populations for early consultation are required.

关键词： Amelobla.t.ma Maxillary Epidemiology treatment Ouagadougou

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Incisional Hernias: Risk Fa.t.rs and treatment in a Context of Limited Resources

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Surgical Science 2017年第10期8卷 451-456页

作者： Souleymane ouedraogo Salam ouedraogo Jean-Luc Kambire Mamadou Windsouri Mamadou t. traore Maurice Zida , Si Simon traore Depa.t.ent of Surgery University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Depa.t.ent of General and Digestive Surgery University Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: the purpose of this study was to describe the etiologic fa.t.rs and therapeutic modalities of incisional hernias in the depa.t.ent of surgery at the regional hospital of tenkodogo, in Burkina Faso. Methods: It is a cross sectional study covering the period from 2010 to 2012. Sampling was comprehensive, including all the patients operated for incisional hernias during this period. Results: Fifty-four patients were included. their average age was 22.3 years. there were 35 (64.8%) males and 19 (35.2%) female patients. We counted 28 large-size incisional hernias, 14 medium-size incisional hernias and 12 incisional hernias of small size. the average time from the first surgery to the diagnosis of incisional hernias was 8 months. Generalized acute peritonitis (44.4%) and acute intestinal obstructions (22.2%) were the main indications of initial surgical interventions. Vertical midline incisions have been involved in 37 cases (68.5%). therapeutically, two surgical techniques have been used: open suture repair and open mesh repair. Forty-two patients (77.8%) were treated by open suture repair. twelve patients (22.2%) benefited from open mesh repair. Post-operative complications were noted in 2 patients. Nine patients (16.7%) presented a recurrence a.t.r 12 months. Conclusion: In the rural area of Burkina Faso, incisional hernias occur in young patients. Emergencies with abdominal Infections are the main operative indications. Prostheses are relatively high cost and less accessible. the recidivism rate is high.

关键词： Incisional Hernia Abdominal Wall Closure Surgical treatment Burkina Faso

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