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Revealing connectivity in residential Architecture: An algorithmic approach to extracting adjacency matrices from floor plans

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 370-386页

作者： Mohammad Amin Moradi Omid Mohammadrashidi Navid Niazkar Morteza rahbar School of Architecture and Engineering University College of RouzbahanMazandaranIran School of Architecture Islamic Azad UniversitySafaDasht CampusTehranIran A.James Clark School of Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA School of Architecture and Environmental Design Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

In today's world, various approaches and parameters exist for designing a plan and determining its spatial, placement. Hence, various modes for identifying crucial locations can be explored when an architectural plan is designed in different dimensions. While designing all these modes takes considerable time, there are numerous potential applications for artificial intelligence (AI) in this domain. This study aims to compute and use an adjacency matrix to generate architectural residential plans. Additionally, it develops a plan generation algorithm in Rhinoceros software, utilizing the Grasshopper plugin to create a dataset of architectural plans. In the following step, the data was entered into a neural network to identify the architectural plan's type, furniture, icons, and use of spaces, which was achieved using YOLOv4, EfficientDet, YOLOv5, DetectoRS, and RetinaNet. The algorithm's execution, testing, and training were conducted using Darknet and PyTorch. The research dataset comprises 12,000 plans, with 70% employed in the training phase and 30% in the testing phase. The network was appropriately trained practically and precisely in relation to an average precision (AP) resulting of 91.50%. After detecting the types of space use, the main research algorithm has been designed and coded, which includes determining the adjacency matrix of architectural plan spaces in seven stages. All research processes were conducted in Python, including dataset preparation, network object detection, and adjacency matrix algorithm design. Finally, the adjacency matrix is given to the input of the proposed plan generator network, which consequently, based on the resulting adjacency, obtains different placement modes for spaces and furniture.

关键词： Algorithm design Adjacency matrix Generate floor plan Detection plan

Free vibration analysis of non-homogeneous orthotropic plates resting on Pasternak elastic foundation by Rayleigh-Ritz method

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第2期23卷 413-420页

作者： Ahmad rahbar-Ranji arash Shahbaztabar Department of Ocean Engineering Amir Kabir University of Technology

Free vibration analysis of non-homogeneous orthotropic plates resting on a Pasternak type of elastic foundation is investigated. A set of admissible orthogonal polynomials are generated with Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure and adopted in the Rayleigh-Ritz method. Accuracy and applicability of the method are examined by comparison of the results for different boundary conditions and material types with those available in literature. It is found that this method has good accuracy regardless of type of boundary condition and yields very accurate results even with low number of terms of orthogonal polynomials for the first mode of vibration. For higher modes of vibration, higher terms of orthogonal polynomials should be used. The effects of foundation parameter, density and non-homogeneity parameters on natural frequency are examined. It is concluded that natural frequency of plates are more sensitive to shearing layer coefficient rather than Winkler coefficient and density parameter has weakening effect on natural frequency.

关键词： free vibration non-homogeneous orthotropic plate Pastemak foundation Rayleigh-Ritz method Gram-Schmidt procedure

Free Vibration Analysis of Symmetrically Laminated Composite Plates on Elastic Foundation and Coupled with Stationary Fluid

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China Ocean Engineering 2018年第3期32卷 266-277页

作者： arash SHAHBAZTABAR Ahmad rahbar-RANJI Department of Ocean Engineering AmirK abir University of Technology

Free vibration analysis of symmetrically laminated composite plates resting on Pasternak elastic support and coupled with an ideal, incompressible and inviscid fluid is the objective of the present work. The fluid domain is considered to be infinite in the length direction but bounded in the depth and width directions. In order to derive the eigenvalue equation, Rayleigh-Ritz method is applied for the fluid-plate-foundation system. The efficiency of the method is proved by comparison studies with those reported in the open literature. At the end, parametric studies are carried out to examine the impact of different parameters on the natural frequencies.

关键词： free vibration analysis laminated composite plate fluid-plate-foundation interaction Rayleigh-Ritz method Pasternak foundation

Development of a microfluidic-chip system based on parallel flow for intensified Gd(Ⅲ)extraction from nitrate media using cationic extractant

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第11期36卷 1198-1204页

作者： All Abbasi Ahmad rahbar-Kelishami Mohammad Javad Ghaserni Research lab for Advanced Separation Processes Department of ChemicalPetroleum and Gas EngineeringIron University of Science&Technology(IUST)Narmak 16846-13114TehranIran

Microfluidic solvent extraction （micro SX） of gadolinium was conducted using a mono- and diester mixture （MDEHPA） as the cationic extractant. A microfluidic Y-Y channel was fabricated using CO2- laser technique in a glass microchip used as the extraction system. Compared with batch extraction, extraction kinetic is found fast, and extraction equilibrium is attained within 15 s. Stoichiometry of the extracted complex is found to be Gd（NOs）3-3MDEHPA using log-log plot method. Additionally, the operating parameters and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient （kLα） were investigated to determine the mass transfer performance. Optimal condition of microextraction for gadolinium using response surface methodology was determined （feed solutions 31 mg/L adjusted to pH value 2.5, extractant concentration 2.9 vol% and extraction time 13.5 s）. In optimal condition, gadolinium extraction yield is obtained 95.5%. Findings of this study approve simplicity, portability, effectiveness, swiftness, and environmental friendliness microfluidic solvent extraction process and reveal that micro SX is useful in the field of extraction strategic metals present at low concentrations, which are otherwise not technically amenable or economically feasible to extract using current traditional methods.

关键词： Gadolinium Solvent extraction Microfluidics Rare earth element (REE) Liquid phase microextraction CO2 engraving

CuO-nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode for square wave voltammetric determination of lidocaine: Comparing classical and Box–Behnken optimization methodologies

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第6期27卷 837-842页

作者： Nadereh rahbar Zahra Ramezani Jamalaldin Ghanavati Nanotechnology Research Center Faculty of Pharmacy Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Medicinal Chemistry Department Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

In this research, copper oxide nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode was developed for the voltammetric determination of lidocaine. The square wave voltammogram of lidocaine solution showed a well-defined peak between ＋0.5 and ＋1.5 V. Instrumental and chemical parameters influencing voltammetric response were optimized by both one at a time and Box–Behnken model of response surface methodology. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between two methods of optimization. The linear range was 1–2500 μmol L^-1（Ip= 0.11 C（LH）＋ 17.38, R^2= 0.999）. The LOD and LOQ based on three and ten times of the signal to noise（S/N） were 0.39 and 1.3 μmol L^-1（n = 10）,respectively. The precision of the method was assessed for 10 replicate square wave voltammetry（SWV）determinations each of 0.05, 0.5 and 1 μmol L^-1 of lidocaine showing relative standard deviations 4.1%,3.7% and 2.1%, respectively. The reliability of the proposed method was established by application of the method for the determination of lidocaine in two pharmaceutical preparations, namely injection and gel.

关键词： Square wave voltammetry CuO nanoparticles Lidocaine Modified carbon paste electrode

Modeling of fluid-induced vibrations and identification of hydrodynamic forces on flow control valves

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第7期22卷 2596-2603页

作者： Samad Mehrzad Ilgar Javanshir Ahmad rahbar Ranji Seyyed Hadi Taheri Department of Maritime Engineering Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Young Researchers and Elite Club Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Department of Maritime Engineering Amirkabir University

Dynamics and vibration of control valves under flow-induced vibration are analyzed. Hydrodynamic load characteristics and structural response under flow-induced vibration are mainly influenced by inertia, damping, elastic, geometric characteristics and hydraulic parameters. The purpose of this work is to investigate the dynamic behavior of control valves in the response to self-excited fluid flow. An analytical and numerical method is developed to simulate the dynamic and vibrational behavior of sliding dam valves, in response to flow excitation. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed model, the simulation results are validated with experimental ones. Finally, to achieve the optimal valve geometry, numerical results for various shapes of valves are compared. Rounded valve with the least amount of flow turbulence obtains lower fluctuations and vibration amplitude compared with the flat and steep valves. Simulation results demonstrate that with the optimal design requirements of valves, vibration amplitude can be reduced by an average to 30%.

关键词： flow-induced force hydrodynamic force finite element method(FEM) valve design fluid-structure interaction vibration

Omeprazole-based triple therapy with low-versus high-dose of clarithromycin plus amoxicillin for H pylori eradication in Iranian population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第6期13卷 930-933页

作者： Ali Asghar Keshavarz Homayoon Bashiri Mahtab rahbar Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Emam Reza Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran Department of Internal Medicine Emam Reza Hospital Kermanshah Iran Department of Pathology Emam Reza Hospital Kermanshah Iran

AIM： To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of H pylori eradication in an omeprazole-based triple therapy with high and low dose of clarithromycin and amoxicillin. METHODS： One hundred and sixty H pylori positive patients were randomly assigned to two groups based on the following 2 wk investigation; （1） group A or low-dose regimen received omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d, clarithromycin 250 mg b.i.d and amoxicillin 500 mg b.i.d; and （2） group B or high-dose regimen received omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d, clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d and amoxicillin 1000 mg b.i.d. During the study Hpylori status was assessed by histology and rapid urease test prior and by 13C-urea breath test 6 wk after the therapy. Standard questionnaires were administered to determine the compliance to treatment and possible adverse events of therapy. Data were subject to x^2 to compare the eradication rates in the two groups. The significant level of 95% （P ≤ 0.05） was considered statistically different. RESULTS： We found that the per-protocol eradication rate was 88% （68/77） in group A, and 89% （67/75） in group B. The intension-to-treat eradication rate was 85% （68/80） in group A and 83.75% （67180） in group B. Overall adverse events were 26% in group A and 31% in group B. The adverse events were generally mild in nature and tolerated well in both groups with a compliance of 98% in group A vs 96% in group B. CONCLUSION： The omeprazole-based low dose regimen of darithromycin and amoxicillin for two weeks in Hpylori eradication is as effective as high dose regimen in Iranian population.

关键词： Triple therapy Hpy/ori Amoxicillin Clarithromycin Low-dose regimen

Accelerating Role of Clay in Photo-Oxidation of Polypropylene/Clay Multifilament Yarns

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第5期32卷 609-619页

作者： S.Aslanzadeh R.Semnani rahbar M.Nazi Department of Textile and Leather Faculty of Chemistry and Petrochemical Engineering Standard Research Institute (SRI)

Photo-oxidative degradation of polypropylene/clay multifilament yarns containing different amounts of clay was investigated. These samples and pure polypropylene （PP） multifilametns were exposed to long wavelength radiations （λ〉 300 nm） under atmospheric condition of constant temperature and relative humidity. The photo-oxidative stability was studied using FTIR spectroscopy, tensile testing and microscopy. The results indicate that the addition of clay particles decreases the stability of PP/clay composites to photo-oxidative degradation according to comparison with pure PP. From FTIR study and tensile properties, it was also found that the multifilaments with higher clay loading reveals a faster loss of mechanical properties, higher photo-oxidative product formation and more reduction in the induction time of photo-oxidation. Moreover, the crack formation on surface of irradiated filaments corresponds well to the conclusions in tensile properties and FTIR characterization.

关键词： Photo-oxidation Polypropylene Multifilarnent yams Nanoclay UV radiation.

Histopathology Review of Idiopathic Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome and Outcome in Children in North-West of Iran

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2016年第4期6卷 188-199页

作者： Mahtab rahbar Iran Medical Science University Tehran Iran

Introduction: There is currently little information in the literature on the spectrum of histopathologic patterns in children presenting with idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (iSRNS) in Iran. We conducted to compare the histopathologic distribution of different subtypes’ glomerular morphologic patterns in iSRNS and the clinical and biochemical parameters at the time of diagnosis and outcome of patients after immunosuppressive therapy. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was done in two hundred children, aged 1 - 15 years, who were diagnosed for iSRNS and no response to 4 weeks of standard prednisone therapy (60 mg/m2/day) referred to nephropathology Department of Emam Reza hospital between 2005 and 2013. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and histopathological data were retrieved from files and original renal biopsy reports. We discussed histopathologic diagnosis and outcome of iSRNS after initial therapy in patients separately. This study investigated prognostic effects of histopathologic pattern on outcome of iSRNS. Results: The study included 200 children with iSRNS: 141 (70.5%) were males and 59 (29.5%) females, with male-to-female ratio of 2.4:1. The mean age was 7.23 ± 4.37 years (range: 1 - 15 years). Upon pathologic investigation of iSRNS cases, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (NOS subtype) was the first, with a highest prevalence at a rate of 102/200 (51%) and MGN was the last, at a rate of 7/200 (3.5%). Children with iSRNS secondary to MCD are more likely to achieve remission and have better long term prognostic value (P 0.00). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (Tip and Collapse subtypes) is more likely to have worse outcome in response to immunosuppressive therapy (P 0.04). Conclusions: This study defines the true spectrum of clinicohistopathology patterns underlying iSRNS in children in Northwest of Iran. Also this study shows that the response to cyclosporine can be correlated with the underlying histopa

关键词： Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Steroid-Resistance Histopathology Outcome Child