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Cost effectiveness of nonpharmacological prevention programs for diabetes:A systematic review of trial-based studies

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 12-21页

作者： yongyi Xiong Zhaohua Huo Samuel y.S.wong Benjamin H.k.yip Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina

Trial-based economic value of prevention programs for diabetes is *** aimed to review the cost-effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions to prevent type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)for high-risk *** electronic databases were searched up to March *** assessing both the cost and health outcomes of nonpharmacological interventions for people at high-risk of T2DM were *** quality of the study was assessed by the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 *** primary outcome for synthesis was incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICER)for quality-adjusted life years(QALys),and costs were standardized in 2022 US *** synthesis was performed,considering different types and delivery methods of *** studies included five based on the US diabetes prevention program(DPP),six on non-DPP-based lifestyle interventions,four on health education,and one on screening plus lifestyle *** with usual care,lifestyle interventions showed higher potential of cost-effectiveness than educational *** lifestyle interventions,DPP-based programs were less cost-effective(median of ICERs:$27,077/QALy)than non-DPP-based programs(median of ICERs:$1395/QALy)from healthcare perspectives,but with larger decreases in diabetes ***,the cost-effectiveness of interventions was more possibly realized through the combination of different delivery *** interventions to prevent T2DM in high-risk populations are both cost-effective and feasible in various ***,economic evidence from low-and middle-income countries is still lacking,and interventions delivered by trained laypersons and combined with peer support sessions or mobile technologies could be potentially a cost-effective solution in such settings with limited resources.

关键词： economic evaluation nonpharmacological interventions pre-diabetes prevention

Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac y.Ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian y.L.wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

Pencil-beam scanning catheter for intracoronary optical coherence tomography

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第3期5卷 69-75页

作者： Jiqiang kang Rui Zhu yunxu Sun Jianan Li kenneth k.y.wong School of Electronic and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China International Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Vivolight Medical Device&Technology Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518055China State key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science ParkShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Current gradient-index(GRIN)lens based proximal-driven intracoronary optical coherence tomography(ICOCT)probes consist of a spacer and a GRIN lens with large gradient *** design provides great flexibility to control beam profiles,but the spacer length should be well controlled to obtain desired beam profiles and thus it sets an obstacle in mass catheter ***,although GRIN lens with large gradient constant can provide tight focus spot,it has short depth of focus and fast-expanded beam which leads to poor lateral resolution for deep *** this paper,a type of spacer-removed probe is demonstrated with a small gradient constant GRIN *** design simplifies the fabrica-tion process and is suitable for mass *** output beam of the catheter is a narrow nearly collimated light beam,referred to as pencil beam *** full width at half maximum beam size varies from 35.1μm to 75.3μm in air over 3-mm *** design principles are elaborated with probe/catheter fabrication and performance *** in vivo imaging of the catheter was verified by a clinical ICOCT *** results prove that this novel pencil-beam scanning catheter is potentially a good choice for ICOCT systems.

关键词： optical coherence tomography endoscopic imaging intravascular imaging fiber optics imaging

Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun kwan John k.C.Li karl C.k.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.wong Issan y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HkU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

Obesity in children and adolescents:Overview of the diagnosis and management

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 122-133页

作者： Joanna y.L.Tung Grace W.k.Poon Juan Du kenneth k.y.wong Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Hong Kong Children's HospitalHong KongChina Department of Endocrinology Jilin Province People's HospitalJilinChina The Paediatric Precision Medicine Centre Children's Hospital of ChangchunJilinChina Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Childhood obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges *** is associated with various adverse health consequences throughout *** and early intervention represent the most reasonable and costeffective *** progress has been achieved in the management of obesity in children and adolescents;yet,implementation in the real world remains a *** article aimed to present an overview of the diagnosis and management of obesity in children and adolescents.

关键词： adolescent children diagnosis management obesity

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加拿大维多利亚华人谭公信俗与文化身份认同

文化遗产 2024年第1期 137-143,F0002,I0001,I0002页

作者：黄韧陈曦广州南方学院公共管理学院广东广州510970 武汉商学院通识教育研究中心湖北武汉430056

作为第一座加拿大华人庙宇,维市谭公庙经历了客家先民迁徙至此租木屋供谭公神像、买土地建谭公庙宇、遭遇排华火烧庙宇到搬驻人和会馆形成顶楼“人和庙”至今香火绵延的过程。一方面表现出加拿大客家人艰苦卓绝的异乡迁徙史和奋斗史,另... 详细信息

作为第一座加拿大华人庙宇,维市谭公庙经历了客家先民迁徙至此租木屋供谭公神像、买土地建谭公庙宇、遭遇排华火烧庙宇到搬驻人和会馆形成顶楼“人和庙”至今香火绵延的过程。一方面表现出加拿大客家人艰苦卓绝的异乡迁徙史和奋斗史,另一方面反映出客家人民间信俗特征及其海外移动的在地重构。谭公庙作为加拿大客家人营造的第一个神圣空间,它既是亲缘、地缘和神缘纽带,表现着加拿大客家人的族群身份认同;同时,又通过异国地方化的世代参与,共同打造出与家乡类似的神-人-物与地方的交叠互动场域。通感、仪式传承、文化记忆以及当下参与感又重构出“他乡犹吾境”的地方感,从中可窥见加拿大客家人历史性与当下性的生活图景和精神世界。

关键词：谭公信俗加拿大客家跨地方性地方感视觉体验

Hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter at 1930 nm for volumetric photoacoustic imaging of water content

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 68-74页

作者： Jiawei Shi Mingsheng Li Huajun Tang Jiqiang kang Najia Sharmin Amir Rosenthal kenneth k.y.wong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong kong Pokfulam RoadHong KongChina.2 Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnion–Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City32000 HaifaIsrael Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science ParkShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Water plays a vital role in biological metabolism and it would be essential to trace the water content non-invasively,such as leveraging the vibrational absorption peak of the O-H ***,due to the lack of an efficient laser source,it was challenging to image the water content in the deep tissue with micron-level spatial *** address this problem,we develop a high-power hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter(HOPE)at 1930 nm,at which the vibrational absorption peak of the O-H bond *** maximum pulse energy is over 1.74μJ with a pulse repetition rate of 50 kHz and a pulse width of 15 *** employ this laser source in the optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy(OR-PAM)system to image the water content in the phantom and the biological tissue in *** 1930-nm OR-PAM could map the water content in the complex tissue environment at high spatial resolution,deep penetration depth,improved sensitivity,and suppressed artifact signal of the lipid.

关键词： Fiber optical parametric oscillator Thulium-doped fiber laser Photoacoustic microscopy

Modulation doping of p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)toward improving thermoelectric performance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 71-79页

作者： khak Ho Lim Mingquan Li yu Zhang yue Wu Qimin Zhou Qingyue Wang Xuan yang Pingwei Liu Wen-Jun Wang ka Wai wong ka Ming Ng yu Liu Andreu Cabot Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Ostia Technologies Limited United Kingdom Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 23Barcelona 08010Spain Catalonia Energy Research Institute-IREC Sant Adria del BesosBarcelona 08930Spain

The commercial viability of thermoelectric(TE)devices relies heavily on two factors:cost reduction and efficiency *** this study,we first produce p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(16-x)(x=0,3,4)using a low-temperature bottom-up approach and demonstrate Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)to show the best TE performance among the three tested ***,the TE energy conversion efficiency of Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)is further enhanced by optimizing its electronic band structure through the incorporation of small amounts of *** an optimal Te content of 5 mol%,more than a twofold increase in the TE figure of merit(zT)is *** gain insight into the mechanism of improvement on the transport properties of the mate-rial,we compare the interphase transport mechanism by incorporating nanodomains of different metals(Ag and Cu)into the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** improved electrical conductivity obtained with Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te nanocomposites is attributed to a charge flooding of the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** contrast,excessive down-ward band-bending at the interphases of Ag/Cu metal-semiconductor drastically reduces the electrical ***,a weighted mobility(μw)analysis shows a dominant thermal activation of carri-ers in Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te *** this material,a strong decrease in lattice thermal conductivity is also found,which is associated with a phonon-carrier scattering *** work shows the impor-tance of proper band-engineering in TE nanocomposites to decouple electrical and thermal transport to enhance TE performance,and the efficacy ofμw for electrical and thermal transport analysis.

关键词： Modulation doping Thermoelectric Interphase transport Charge flooding Phonon-carrier scattering

Breathing dissipative soliton explosions in a bidirectional ultrafast fiber laser

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Photonics Research 2020年第10期8卷 1566-1572页

作者： yI ZHOU yU-XUAN REN JIAWEI SHI kENNETH k.y.wong Department of Eectrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Rong KongHong KongChina

Soliton explosions,among the most exotic dynamics,have been extensively studied on parameter invariant stationary ***,the explosion dynamics are still largcly unexplored in breathing dissipative solitons as a dynamic solution to many nonlincar ***,we report on the first observation of a breathing dissipative soliton explosion in a nct-normal-dispersion bidirectional ultrafast fiber *** breathing soliton explos ionscould be stimulated by the soliton buildup process or alteration of polarization *** breathing soliton pairs with intensive repulsion that is sensitive to initial conditions can also be triggered by multiple soliton explosions in the soliton buildup process instead of being triggered by varying polarization *** high bchavior similarity also exists in the breathing soliton buildup and explosion process owing to the common gain and loss *** addition,dissipative rogue waves were detected in the breathing soliton explosion,and the collision of breathing soliton significantly enhanced the amplitude of rogue waves,which is characteristic of the breathing solitons in a bidirectional fiber *** results shed new insights into complex dissipative soliton dynamics.

关键词： dynamics. soliton dissipative