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Downhill Zagreb Topological Indices and Mdn-Polynomial of Some Chemical Structures Applied for the Treatment of COVID-19 Patients

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2021年第4期10卷 395-413页

作者： Bashair Al-Ahmadi anwar saleh Wafa Al-Shammakh Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia

A graphical index is a numeric value corresponding to a graph which is structurally invariant and in molecular graph theory these invariants are known as topological indices. In the field of Chemical and Medical Sciences, the topological indices are used to study the chemical, biological, medical and pharmaceutical features of drugs. With reference to the previous deadly diseases, the COVID-19 pandemic has considered to be the biggest life threatening issue that modern medicines have ever tackled. COVID-19 is immedicable and even the existing treatments are only helping the certain group of sufferers. Scientists have tested available antiviral agents and got a favorable impact on recovering from pandemic. Some of these antiviral agents are remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, theaflavin and dexamethasone. Keeping in view of the importance of topological indices in the study of pharmaceutical and chemical drugs, in this paper, we calculate the Mdn-Polynomial, some downhill Zagreb topological indices and some downhill Zagreb polynomials of some of the anti viral agents remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, theaflavin and dexamethasone. The results thus obtained may be useful for the finding new medicine and vaccine for the treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Remdesivir Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Theaflavin Dexamethasone Mdn-Polynomial Downhill Zagreb Polynomial

On the Uphill Domination Polynomial of Graphs

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第6期8卷 1168-1179页

作者： Thekra Alsalomy anwar saleh Najat Muthana Wafa Al Shammakh Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Jeddah Jeddah Saudi Arabia

A path π = [v1, v2, …, vk] in a graph G = (V, E) is an uphill path if deg(vi) ≤ deg(vi+1) for every 1 ≤ i ≤ k. A subset S ⊆ V(G) is an uphill dominating set if every vertex vi ∈ V(G) lies on an uphill path originating from some vertex in S. The uphill domination number of G is denoted by γup(G) and is the minimum cardinality of the uphill dominating set of G. In this paper, we introduce the uphill domination polynomial of a graph G. The uphill domination polynomial of a graph G of n vertices is the polynomial , where up(G, i) is the number of uphill dominating sets of size i in G, and γup(G) is the uphill domination number of G, we compute the uphill domination polynomial and its roots for some families of standard graphs. Also, UP(G, x) for some graph operations is obtained.

关键词： Domination Uphill Domination Uphill Domination Polynomial

Power Scheduling with Max User Comfort in Smart Home:Performance Analysis and Tradeoffs

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1723-1740页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Ch.anwar Ul Hassan Faisal Althobiani Nasir Ayub Raja Jalees Ul Hussen Khan Emad Ismat Ghandourah Majid A.Almas saleh Mohammed Ghonaim V.R.Shamji Saifur Rahman Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Creative Technologies Air University Islamabad44000IslamabadPakistan Faculty of Maritime Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering Captial University of Science and Technology44000IslamabadPakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior University Lahore53400Pakistan Nuclear Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Marine Engineering Department Faculty of Maritime StudiesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

The smart grid has enabled users to control their home energy more effectively and efficiently.A home energy management system(HEM)is a challenging task because this requires the most effective scheduling of intelligent home appliances to save ***,we presented a meta-heuristic-based HEM system that integrates the Greywolf Algorithm(GWA)and Harmony Search Algorithms(HSA).Moreover,a fusion initiated on HSA and GWA operators is used to optimize energy ***,many knapsacks are being utilized to ensure that peak-hour load usage for electricity customers does not surpass a certain *** has proven beneficial in achieving numerous objectives simultaneously,decreasing the peak-to-average ratio and power *** MATLAB simulations are cast-off to evaluate the routine of the anticipated method,Harmony GWA(HGWA).The simulations are for a multifamily housing complex outfitted with various cool *** simulation results indicate that GWA functions better regarding cost savings than *** reputes of PAR,HSA is significantly more effective than *** suggested method reduces costs for single and ten-house construction by up to 2200.3 PKR,as opposed to 503.4 in GWA,398.10 in HSA and 640.3 in *** suggested approach performed better than HSA and GWA in PAR *** single-family homes in HGWA,GWA and HSA,the reduction in PAR is 45.79%,21.92%and 20.54%,*** hybrid approach,however,performs better than the currently used nature-inspired techniques in terms of Cost and PAR.

关键词： Metaheuristics techniques artificial intelligence energy management data analytics smart grid smart home

Antibiogram of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2019年第2期9卷 41-47页

作者： Jogendra Nath Sarker Sarker Mohammed Ali Ahmed Hafiza Sultana Shaheda anwar Shirin Tarafder Ahmed Abu saleh Associate Professor Department of Microbiology M Abdur Rahim Medical College Dinajpur Bangladesh Medical Officer Department of Microbiology & Immunology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Assistant Professor Department of Microbiology Rangpur Medical College Rangpur Bangladesh Associate Professor Department of Microbiology & Immunology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Professor Department of Microbiology & Immunology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing extended-spectrum cephalosporins, penicillins and monobactams but inactive against cephamycins and carbapenems. The ESBL-producing organisms are a breed of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the susceptibility pattern of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli to ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem. Methods: A total of 75 ESBL-producing E. coli, were obtained from the tertiary care hospitals of Bangladesh and were studied for susceptibility pattern from October, 2010 to December, 2011. These isolates were identified by double disc synergy test (DDST) and were confirmed phenotypically as ESBL-producer by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem among ESBL-producing E. coli were determined using agar dilution method. Results: Out of 75 DDST positive ESBL-producing E. coli, 71 (94.67%) were also positive by PCDDT. All ESBL-producing E. coli, were susceptible to imipenem. About 92.95% ESBL-producing E. coli were susceptible to amikacin but only 14.08% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: In this study, ESBL-producing E. coli, showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin. Imipenem and amikacin were most effective against ESBL positive strains.

关键词： Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Escherichia coli Phenotypic Confirmatory Disc Diffusion Test Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations