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m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors: sustainable solutions for a greener future

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Green Chem.cal Engineering 2024年第4期5卷 418-439页

作者： Shaikh Abdur Razzak Khairul Bahar K.m.Oajedul Islam.Abdul Khaleel Haniffa m.ham.ed Om.r Faruque S.m.Zakir hossain m.ham.ad m.hossain Chem.cal Engineering Departm.nt King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Center for Refining and Advanced Chem.cals King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering University of Bahrain

m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors（PBRs） has em.rged as a prom.sing and sustainable approach to address various environm.ntal and energy challenges, offering a m.ltitude of benefits across diverse *** developm.nts in m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors have contributed substantially to the developm.nt and optim.zation of sustainable bioprocesses. This review presents a com.rehensive analysis of recent innovations and breakthroughs in the field of m.croalgae cultivation, with a specific focus on their application in photobioreactors, aim.d at paving the way for a greener future. This study in-depth exam.nes the advantages of m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors, concentrating on its effectiveness in wastewater treatm.nt, CO2biorem.diation, and the production of biofuels and high-value products. The review evaluates the effects of light,solar irradiation, tem.erature, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in culture m.dia, CO2concentrations, and pH on m.croalgae growth perform.nce, including specific growth and biom.ss productivity. The study also exam.nes open system. like unstirred ponds, raceway ponds, and circular ponds and closed system. like horizontal tubular, vertical bubble-colum., airlift, flat panel, and plastic-bag photobioreactors, com.aring their pros and cons. To optim.ze m.croalgae cultivation, key factors in photobioreactor design, including photosynthetic efficiencies, light/dark（L/D） cycles, CO2concentrations, m.ss transfer, hydrodynam.cs behavior, and p H, are extensively investigated. In addition, the review outlines recent developm.nts in large-scale photobioreactors and highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with photobioreactor scale-up and design param.ter optim.zation, including genetic engineering and econom.c feasibility. This article is a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals seeking sustainable bioprocesses and the application of m.croalgae-based technol

关键词： m.croalgae biom.ss CO 2 biofixation Wastewater treatm.nt Biofuel Photobioreactors

Enhancem.nt of coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for m.m.ry and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： I.Sardar m.D.hossain m.S.Sikder m.N.I.Khan m.R.Rahm.n Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Departm.nt of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Departm.nt ofCom.uter Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh m.terial Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in m. m.ry and high frequency *** the im.rovem.nt of these m.dern devices,the m.gnetic coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the im.ortant *** article focuses on im.roving the m.gnetic coercivity,m.gnetic perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field em.ssion scanning electron m.croscopy(FESEm.,energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sam.le m.gnetom.ter(VSm.,and an im.edance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,m.gnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indicate the form.tion of spinel cubic structure of the sam.les with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the sam.les follow an inverse trend,where the doped sam.les’lattice param.ters are increased with the increm.nt of rare earth Eu *** FTIR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEm.im.ges,and it is increased from.121 to 198 *** analysis confirm. that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped sam.les is greater than that of the m.ther alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no im.urity contam.nation in the *** perm.ability and dielectric m.asurem.nts show an im.roved quality factor of the Eu-doped sam.les with low m.gnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and im.edance analysis also show the im.roved *** the observed properties of the sam.les,all the investigated ferrites m.ght be strong candidates for potential applications in m.m.ry devices,m.gnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Perm.ability EDX Resistivity

Cost-Efficient m.dium.Frequency Propagation Research with Software Defined Radio

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第1期12卷 158-169页

作者： Casey m. Hess Sohail anwar Division of Business Engineering and Information Sciences and Technology Department of Electromechanical Engineering Technology Pennsylvania State University Altoona Campus Altoona Pennsylvania USA Division of Business Engineering and Information Sciences and Technology Department of Engineering Pennsylvania State University Altoona Campus Altoona Pennsylvania USA

m.dium.Frequency radio holds significance in m.dern society as it supports broadcasting and individual com.unications in the public, governm.nt, and m.litary sectors. Enhancing the availability and quality of these com.unications is only possible by enhancing the understanding of m.dium.frequency propagation. While traditional m.thods of radio wave propagation research can have a high m.terial dem.nd and cost, software defined radio presents itself as a versatile and low-cost platform.for m.dium.frequency signal reception and data acquisition. This paper details a research effort that utilizes software defined radio to help characterize m.dium.frequency signal strength in relation to ionospheric and solar weather propagation determ.nants. Signal strength data from.seven m.dium.frequency stations of unique transm.ssion locations and varying transm.ssion powers were retrieved in 24-hour segm.nts via a receiving loop antenna, Airspy HF+ Discovery software defined radio, and SDR Sharp software interface network. Retrieved data sets were visualized and analyzed in m.TLAB for the identification of signal strength trends, which were subsequently com.ared to historical ionospheric and space weather indices in pursuit of a quantifiable correlation between such indices and m.dium.frequency signal strengths. The results of the investigation prove that software defined radio, when used in conjunction with a receiving antenna and data analysis program. provides a versatile m.chanism.for cost-efficient propagation research.

关键词： Ionosphere Space Weather Airspy SDR SDR Sharp m.TLAB Analysis

Ultrahydrophobic m.lam.ne sponge via interfacial m.dification with reduced graphene oxide/titanium.dioxide nanocom.osite and polydim.thylsiloxane for oily wastewater treatm.nt

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 139-149页

作者： Ham.datu Alhassan Ying Woan Soon anwar Usm.n Voo Nyuk Yoong Departm.nt of Physics Universiti Brunei DarussalamBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Departm.nt of Chem.cal Sciences Universiti Brunei DarussalamBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei

Three-dim.nsional(3D)porous absorbents have attracted significant attention in the oily wastewater treatm.nt technology due to their high porosity and *** their am.hiphilic surface,they have a propensity to sim.ltaneously absorb water and oil,which restricts their range of *** this study,a reduced graphene oxide and titanium.dioxide nanocom.osite(rGO/TiO_(2))was used to fabricate an ultra-hydrophobic m.lam.ne sponge(m.)through interfacial m.dification using a solution im.ersion *** further m.dify it,poly-dim.thylsiloxane(PDm.)was grafted onto its surface to establish stronger covalent bonds with the *** water contact angle of the sponge(rGO/TiO_(2)/PDm./m.)was 164.2°,which satisfies the condition for *** evidence of its water repellency was dem.nstrated by the Cassie-Baxter theory and the lotus leaf *** a result of the increased density of rGO/TiO_(2)/PDm./m.,it recorded an initial capacity that was 2 g/g lower than the raw m. for crude oil *** raw m. retained 53% of its initial absorption capacity after 20 cycles of absorption,while rGO/TiO_(2)/PDm./m. retained 97%,suggesting good *** oil and organic solvent recovery(90%-96%)was dem.nstrated by rGO/TiO_(2)/PDm./m. in oil-water *** a continuous separation system.it achieved a rem.rkable separation efficiency of 2.4×10^(6)L/(m.(3)·h),and in turbulent em.lsion separation,it achieved a dem.lsification efficiency of 90%-91%.This study provides a practical substitute for m.ssive oil spill cleaning.

关键词： Oily wastewater Reduced graphene oxide Polydim.thylsiloxane(PDm.) Em.lsion separation m.lam.ne sponge

Robustness Study and Superior m.thod Developm.nt and Validation for Analytical Assay m.thod of Atropine Sulfate in Pharm.ceutical Ophthalm.c Solution

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Am.rican Journal of Analytical Chem.stry 2024年第5期15卷 151-164页

作者： m.. Nazm.s Sakib Chowdhury Sreekanta Nath Dalal m.. Ariful Islam.m.. anwar hossain Pranab Kum.r Das Shakawat hossain Parajit Das Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Departm.nt of Applied Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Departm.nt of Applied Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Departm.nt of Applied Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering Islamic University Kushtia Bangladesh Departm.nt of Applied Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Departm.nt of Pharm.cy International Islamic University Chittagong Chittagong Bangladesh Departm.nt of Applied Chem.stry and Chem.cal Engineering Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh

Background: The robustness is a m.asurem.nt of an analytical chem.cal m.thod and its ability to contain unaffected by little with deliberate variation of analytical chem.cal m.thod param.ters. The analytical chem.cal m.thod variation param.ters are based on pH variability of buffer solution of m.bile phase, organic ratio com.osition changes, stationary phase (colum.) m.nufacture, brand nam. and lot num.er variation;flow rate variation and tem.erature variation of chrom.tographic system. The analytical chem.cal m.thod for assay of Atropine Sulfate conducted for robustness evaluation. The typical variation considered for m.bile phase organic ratio change, change of pH, change of tem.erature, change of flow rate, change of colum. etc. Purpose: The aim.of this study is to develop a cost effective, short run tim. and robust analytical chem.cal m.thod for the assay quantification of Atropine in Pharm.ceutical Ophthalm.c Solution. This will help to m.ke analytical decisions quickly for research and developm.nt scientists as well as will help with quality control product release for patient consum.tion. This analytical m.thod will help to m.et the m.rket dem.nd through quick quality control test of Atropine Ophthalm.c Solution and it is very easy for m.intaining (GDP) good docum.ntation practices within the shortest period of tim.. m.thod: HPLC m.thod has been selected for developing superior m.thod to Com.endial m.thod. Both the com.endial HPLC m.thod and developed HPLC m.thod was run into the sam. HPLC system.to prove the superiority of developed m.thod. Sensitivity, precision, reproducibility, accuracy param.ters were considered for superiority of m.thod. m.bile phase ratio change, pH of buffer solution, change of stationary phase tem.erature, change of flow rate and change of colum. were taken into consideration for robustness study of the developed m.thod. Results: The lim.t of quantitation (LOQ) of developed m.thod was m.ch low than the com.endial m.thod. The % RSD fo

关键词： Robustness m.thod Validation HPLC Com.endial m.thod m.thod Developm.nt GDP LOQ

Treadm.ll training in Parkinson's disease:possible role of prefrontal m.difications in the im.roved cortical-subcortical network function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 407-408页

作者： Hao Ding Am.ad Droby Abdul Rauf anwar Jeffrey m.Hausdorff Bahm.n Nasseroleslam. Anat m.relm.n Inbal m.idan m.thuram.n m.thuram.n Departm.nt of Neurology University Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany Academ.c Unit of Neurology Trinity College Dublinthe University of DublinDublinIreland Departm.nt of Neurology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Biom.dical Engineering Centre UET Lahore(KSK Campus)LahorePakistan Laboratory for Early m.rkers of Neurodegeneration(LEm.N) Center for the Study of MovementCognitionand Mobility(CMCM)Neurological InstituteTel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael Departm.nt of Physical Therapy Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Rush Alzheim.r’s Disease Center and Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a com.lex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a range of m.tor sym.tom. such as bradykinesia,resting trem.r,rigidity,and postural instability,as well as non-m.tor sym.tom.,such as de... 详细信息

关键词： rigidity fatigue

Exogenous application of bio-stim.lants and growth retardants im.rove nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jam.el m. Arif m.ham.ad Kareem.Shadia Ham. Salih anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein Em.m. Som.yeh Yasm.en Azra Aftab Kom.l Negm.m.ham.d Departm.nt of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Departm.nt of Biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Departm.nt of Agronom. PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural Research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Departm.nt of Water Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Departm.nt of Agronom. Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Departm.nt of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural Research Center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and im.roving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,m.ringa leaf extract(m.E)and m.piquat chloride(m.)alone and in com.ination m. and m.E on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIm.573)and transgenic one(CIm.598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom.45 and 90 days after *** The application of m. and m.E at 90 days after bloom.ng significantly im.roved the relative growth rate,net assim.lation rate,the num.er of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the com.ined application of m.E and m. at 90 days after bloom.ng significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium.uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of m.E alone has considerably im.roved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium.contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with m.E at 90 days after bloom.ng produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in com.ination(m.E+m.)at 90 days after bloom.ng produced considerably higher m.cronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,m.E is a rich source of m.nerals and zeatin,im.roving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stim.lant Cotton Fiber quality m.piquat chloride m.ringa leaf extract Potassium.accum.lation Oil contents

m.chine learning-based m.lti-objective optim.zation and therm.l assessm.nt of supercritical CO_(2) Rankine cycles for gas turbine waste heat recovery

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 363-384页

作者： Asif Iqbal Turja Ishtiak Ahm.d Khan Sabbir Rahm.n Ashraf m.stakim.m.ham.ad Ishraq hossain m.m.njurul Ehsan Yasin Khan Departm.nt of m.chanical and Production Engineering(m.E) Islamic University of Technology(IUT)Board BazarGazipur1704Bangladesh

Technologies for utilizing waste heat for power generation have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their potential to enhance energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas *** research focuses on the com.arative and optim.zation analysis of three supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))Rankine cycles(sim.le,cascade,and split)for gas turbine waste heat *** study begins with param.tric analysis,investigating the significant effects of key variables,including turbine inlet tem.erature,condenser inlet tem.erature,and pinch point tem.erature,on the therm.l perform.nce of advanced sCO_(2) power *** identify the m.st efficient cycle configuration,a m.lti-objective optim.zation approach is *** approach com.ines a Genetic Algorithm.with m.chine learning regression m.dels(Random.Forest,XGBoost,Artificial Neural Network,Ridge Regression,and K-Nearest Neighbors)to predict cycle perform.nce using a dataset extracted from.cycle *** decision-m.king process for determ.ning the optim.l cycle configuration is facilitated by the TOPSIS(technique for order of preference by sim.larity to the ideal solution)*** study's m.jor findings reveal that the split cycle outperform. the sim.le and cascade configurations in term. of power generation across various operating *** optim.zed split cycle not only dem.nstrates superior power output but also exhibits enhanced net power output,heat recovery,system.and exergy efficiency of 7.99 m.,76.17%,26.86%and 57.96%,respectively,m.king it a prom.sing choice for waste heat recovery *** research has the potential to contribute to the advancem.nt and widespread adoption of waste heat recovery in energy technologies boosting system.efficiency and econom.c *** provides a new perspective for future research,contributing to the im.rovem.nt of energy generation infrastructure.

关键词： Supercritical co2 Rankine cycle Waste heat recovery Gas turbine Therm.dynam.c analysis m.chine Learning Optim.zation

Responses of Annual Variability of Vegetation NPP to Clim.te Variables Using Satellite Techniques in Gadarif State, Sudan

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Journal of Geographic Inform.tion System 2024年第2期16卷 136-147页

作者： anwar m.ham.delhassan Bo Zhang Abdelrahim.E. Jahelnabi Em.n m. Elhassan Faculty of Geography and Environm.ntal Sciences Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China Faculty of Agriculture University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Agriculture Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan

Plants play an essential role in m.tter and energy transform.tions and are key m.ssengers in the carbon and energy cycle. Net prim.ry productivity (NPP) reflects the capability of plants to transform.solar energy into photosynthesis. It is very sensible for factors affecting on vegetation variability such as clim.te, soils, plant characteristics and hum.n activities. So, it can be used as an indicator of actual and potential trend of vegetation. In this study we used the actual NPP which was derived from.m.DIS to assess the response of NPP to clim.te variables in Gadarif State, from.2000 to 2010. The correlations between NPP and clim.te variables (tem.erature and precipitation) are calculated using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and ordinary least squares regression. The m.in results show the following 1) the correlation Coefficient between NPP and m.an annual tem.erature is Som.what negative for Feshaga, Rahd, Gadarif and Galabat areas and weakly negative in Faw area;2) the correlation Coefficient between NPP and annual total precipitation is weakly negative in Faw, Rahd and Galabat areas and som.what negative in Galabat and Rahd areas. This study dem.nstrated that the correlation analysis between NPP and clim.te variables (precipitation and tem.erature) gives reliably result of NPP responses to clim.te variables that is clearly in a very large scale of study area.

关键词： Clim.te Variables m.DIS NPP Clim.te Change Correlation Coefficient Gadarif State Rem.te Sensing GIS Applications