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Hydrometeorological assessments and suspended sediment delivery from a central Himalayan glacier in the upper Ganga basin

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第4期33卷 493-509页

作者： Amit Kumar Akshaya Verma anupam anand gokhale Rakesh Bhambri Anshuman Misra Shipika Sundriyal Dwarika Prasad Dobhal Naval Kishore Centre for Glaciology Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Department of Geology Panjab University

Integrated hydrometeorological investigations are not frequently available at a regional scale over a longer time period, especially near the terminus of Indian Himalayan glaciers. An integrated approach to the collection of hydrological data has major advantages for understanding the runoff generation mechanisms at basin scale, particularly when coupled with meteorological observations. The current study involves time series analysis of hydrometeorological records collected near the terminus of the Chorabari Glacier, for four consecutive ablation seasons(June-Sept.) 2009-2012. The analysis shows that variation in rainfall was higher(c= 0.9) at the same elevation over proximal sites, while the intensity of extreme rainfall events was 121-160 mm/d. The diurnal temperature range(DTR) has a tendency to reduce over the ablation season because of the onset of the Indian Summer Monsoon(ISM) and then further increases during the ISM withdrawal indicating humid-temperate conditions. The peak discharge(Qpeak) was found to be higher during July and August. Snow and glacier melt contributed 76% of the total suspended sediment transport during peak ISM months(July and August) reflecting seasonal evolution of the hydrologic conduits. The results indicate that Karakoram and western Himalayan glaciers produce comparatively low sediment yield compared to central Himalayan glaciers. The hydrological variations are depicted through flow duration curves(FDC) for meltwater discharge and sediment load. The flow corresponding to Q, Q, and Q(where Qx is the discharge that is exceeded x percent of the time referred to as % dependability) are 4.2, 3.7, and 2.8 m~3/s; and the corresponding dependability for suspended sediment loads(SSLs) are 409.0, 266.0, and 157.2 t/d, respectively. The daily SSL and discharge(Q) from 2009 to 2012 were used to develop a sediment rating curve(SSL = 39.55 × Q. R~2 = 0.8).Multiple regressions are used to determine the impacts of meteorological parameters on gl

关键词： High elevation meteorology Suspended sediment transport Flow duration curves Multivariate regression Indian summer monsoon

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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed sciatic nerves accelerates recovery of nociceptive sensory perceptions in male and female rats of different strains

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2667-2681页

作者： Liwen Zhou Karthik Venkudusamy Emily A.Hibbard Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez Cathy Z.Yang Adelaide Leung Varun gokhale Guhan Periyasamy Zeal Pathak Dale R.Sengelaub George D.Bittner Department of Neuroscience University of TexasAustinTXUSA Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Molecular Biosciences University of TexasAustinTXUSA

Successful polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion)of severed axons following peripheral nerve injuries for PEG-fused axons has been reported to:(1)rapidly restore electrophysiological continuity;(2)prevent distal Wallerian Degeneration and maintain their myelin sheaths;(3)promote primarily motor,voluntary behavioral recoveries as assessed by the Sciatic Functional Index;and,(4)rapidly produce correct and incorrect connections in many possible combinations that produce rapid and extensive recovery of functional peripheral nervous system/central nervous system connections and reflex(e.g.,toe twitch)or voluntary *** preceding companion paper describes sensory terminal field reo rganization following PEG-fusion repair of sciatic nerve transections or ablations;howeve r,sensory behavioral recovery has not been explicitly explored following PEG-fusion *** the current study,we confirmed the success of PEG-fusion surgeries according to criteria(1-3)above and more extensively investigated whether PEG-fusion enhanced mechanical nociceptive recovery following sciatic transection in male and female outbred Sprague-Dawley and inbred Lewis *** nociceptive responses were assessed by measuring withdrawal thresholds using von Frey filaments on the dorsal and midplantar regions of the *** von Frey filament tests were a more reliable method than plantar von Frey filament tests to assess mechanical nociceptive sensitivity following sciatic nerve *** withdrawal thresholds of the sciatic-mediated lateral dorsal region differed significantly across strain but not *** thresholds did not change significantly from baseline in chronic Unoperated and Sham-operated *** sciatic transection,all rats exhibited severe hyposensitivity to stimuli at the lateral dorsal region of the hindpaw ipsilateral to the ***,PEG-fused rats exhibited significantly earlier return to baseline withdrawal thresholds than Negative

关键词： autophagia axotomy collateral sprouting neuropathic pain peripheral nerve repair polyethylene glycol fusion(PEG-fusion) saphenous nerve sensory neurons sex and strain Wallerian degeneration

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Field investigation of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fluxes and organic carbon from a conserved paddy field of North-East India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第4期5卷 325-334页

作者： Jayashree Dutta Sharad gokhale Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati-781039India

This study investigates the effects of conserved tills on the fluxes of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and soil organic carbon(SOC)from a rain-fed-paddy plot in Assam(North-eastern state of India).Two paddy plots identical in soil properties,developed to cultivate rice(Sali,grown in low-lying areas of Assam),were adjacent to each other to follow a conventional agricultural practice in one and conservation in the *** chambers(1 m×0.6 m×0.4 m)were placed in both the plots to collect runoff for analyzing CO_(2) *** results of the both practices have been *** conservation plot,the SOC was high in the range from 3.17+0.01 kg m^(−2) to 20.42+0.56 kg m^(−2) and the CO_(2) emission was less,i.e.97.30+7.11 mg m^(−2) h^(-1) as compared to 189.65+4.37 mg m^(−2) h^(-1) of the conventional *** tillage practiced for the conservation plot facilitated higher porosity(50.11+8.40%to 88.87+3.59%)and greater water retention(47.47+1.15%to 101.37+1.63%)in the *** results indicate that more tillage exposed the soil to atmospheric oxygen more,which leads to excess mineralization of organic carbon and emissions of CO_(2) as in the conventional plot.

关键词： Paddy SOC CO_(2) Emission Tillage

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Nanofabricated high turn-density spiral coils for on-chip electromagneto-optical conversion

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 181-192页

作者： Ilhan Bok Alireza Ashtiani Yash gokhale Jack Phillips Tianxiang Zhu Aviad Hai Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA Wisconsin Institute for Translational Neuroengineering(WITNe) University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Circuit-integrated electromagnets are fundamental building blocks for on-chip signal transduction,modulation,and tunability,with specific applications in environmental and biomedical micromagnetometry.A primary challenge for improving performance is pushing quality limitations while minimizing size and fabrication complexity and retaining spatial *** efforts have exploited highly involved three-dimensional synthesis,advanced insulation,and exotic material ***,we present a rapid nanofabrication process that employs electron beam dose control for high-turn-density diamond-embedded flat spiral coils;these coils achieve efficient on-chip electromagnetic-to-optical signal *** fabrication process relies on fast 12.3 s direct writing on standard poly(methyl methacrylate)as a basis for the metal lift-off *** with 70 micrometer overall diameters and 49–470 nm interturn spacings with corresponding inductances of 12.3–12.8 nH are *** utilize optical micromagnetometry to demonstrate that magnetic field generation at the center of the structure effectively correlates with finite element modeling *** designs based on our process can be integrated with photolithography to broadly enable optical magnetic sensing and spin-based computation.

关键词： utilize retaining high

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Optimization of process parameters of aluminum alloy AA 2014-T6 friction stir welds by response surface methodology

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2015年第3期11卷 209-219页

作者： Ramanjaneyulu KADAGANCHI Madhusudhan Reddy GANKIDI Hina gokhale Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory

The heat treatable aluminum-copper alloy AA2014 finds wide application in the aerospace and defence industry due to its high strength-toweight ratio and good ductility. Friction stir welding(FSW) process, an emerging solid state joining process, is suitable for joining this alloy compared to fusion welding processes. This work presents the formulation of a mathematical model with process parameters and tool geometry to predict the responses of friction stir welds of AA 2014-T6 aluminum alloy, viz yield strength, tensile strength and ductility. The most influential process parameters considered are spindle speed, welding speed, tilt angle and tool pin profile. A four-factor, five-level central composite design was used and a response surface methodology(RSM) was employed to develop the regression models to predict the *** mechanical properties, such as yield strength(YS), ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and percentage elongation(%El), are considered as responses. Method of analysis of variance was used to determine the important process parameters that affect the responses. Validation trials were carried out to validate these results. These results indicate that the friction stir welds of AA 2014-T6 aluminum alloy welded with hexagonal tool pin profile have the highest tensile strength and elongation, whereas the joints fabricated with conical tool pin profile have the lowest tensile strength and elongation.

关键词：焊接工艺参数搅拌摩擦焊铝合金焊接响应面分析法抗拉强度优化焊接接头屈服强度

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Inflammation and dry eye disease——where are we?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第5期15卷 820-827页

作者： Srinivas K Rao Rishi Mohan Nikhil gokhale Himanshu Matalia Paras Mehta Darshan Eye Care&Surgical Centre ChennaiTamil NaduIndia MM Eyetech Institute of Ophthalmology New DelhiIndia gokhale Eye Hospital MumbaiMaharashtraIndia Narayana Nethralaya Electronic CityBangaloreKarnatakaIndia Sameep Eye Hospital and Corneal Center VadodaraGujaratIndia

The presence of inflammation in dry eye disease(DED)results in increased patient symptomatology,ocular surface damage and worsening tear *** also affects the health of meibomian glands and their secretions which further aggravates ocular surface *** article reviews current knowledge regarding ocular surface inflammation in DED and explores the relationships between the vicious cycles of DED,inflammation and meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).The clinical evaluation of eyes with such changes,markers that identify the presence of inflammation on the ocular surface and current treatment options are discussed.

关键词： dry eye disease inflammation meibomian gland dysfunction vicious cycle ocular surface disease

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Diversity and regeneration status of Sarkot Van Panchyat in Garhwal Himalaya, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第3期23卷 399-404页

作者： Nazir A.Pala A.K.Negi Yogesh gokhale Jahangeer A.Bhat N.P.Todaria Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Chauras Campus HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand P.Box-59India The Energy and Resources Institute(TERI)New Delhi-Darbari SethBlock Habitat Place Lodhi RoadNew Delhi-110003India

We investigated the floristic composition, phytosociological and regeneration status of Sarkot Van Panchyat （community forest） in Chamoli district of Garhwal Himalaya. A total of 52 plant species of 46 genera and 26 families were recorded, which included 12 trees, 18 shrubs and 22 herb species. Quercus leucotrichophora was dominant tree species in sapling and seedling layers, followed by Lyonia ovalifolia and Rhododendron arboreum. Out of 12 tree species, 7 species in seedling stage and 8 species in sapling stage were recorded in the study area. The 44.41% species in the study area showed good regeneration status, 16.66% species were fairly regenerating, and 8.33% species showed poor regeneration status, while 33% species were not regenerating. Number of individuals from lower girth classes （0--10 cm and 10-30 cm） showed decreasing trend with the increase in size of girth class. Shannon index （H） for trees, shrubs and herbs was recorded as 1.82, 2.24 and 2.41 respectively. Simpsons index （Co） was recorded as 0.21, 0.12 and 0.12 for trees, shrubs and herbs respectively. The forest should be di- vided into compartments for better management purpose and each compartment should be closed for five years to assist regeneration and enrichment planting may also be carried out for sustainable management.

关键词： traditional forests regeneration dominant Garhwal Himalaya composition

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Carbon stock estimation for tree species of Sem Mukhem sacred forest in Garhwal Himalaya, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 457-460页

作者： Nazir A. Pala A. K. Negi Yogesh gokhale Showkat Aziem K. K. Vikrant N. P. Todaria Department of Forestry Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical and Natural SciencesManduwala Dehradun -248007 Uttarakhand India Department of Forestry and Natural Resources P.O. Box-59 Chauras Campus HNB Garhwal University Srinagar GarhwalUttarkhand-246174 India The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) New Delhi 110003 India Plant physiology division Botany discipline FRI Dehradun248006 India

Carbon stock estimation was conducted in tree species of Sem Mukhem sacred forest in district Tehri of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttara- khand, India. This forest is dedicated to Nagraj Devta and is dominated by tree species, including Quercus floribunda, Quercus semecarpifolia and Rhododendron arboreum. The highest values of below ground bio- mass density, total biomass density and total carbon density were （34.81±1.68） Mg·ha^-1, （168.26±9.04） Mg·ha^-1 and （84.13±4.18） Mg·ha^-1 for Pinus wallichiana. Overall values of total biomass density and total carbon density calculated were 1549.704 Mg·ha^-1 and 774.77 Mg·ha^-1 respectively. Total value of growing stock volume density for all species was 732.56 m3·ha^-1 and ranged from （144.97±11.98） m3·ha^-1 for Pinus wallichiana to （7.78±1.78） m3·ha^-1for Benthamidia capitata.

关键词： carbon management sacred forest biomass density

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A Complex Wavelet Transform Approach for 1 Dimensional Signal

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2010年第8期7卷 62-72页

作者： Mukund gokhale Daljeet Kaur Khanduja Department of Mathematics Maharashtra Institute of Technology Kothrud Pune 38 India Department of Mathematics Sinhgad Academy of Engineering Kondhwa Pune 48 India

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Bacterial Biofilm Degradation Using Extracellular Enzymes Produced by <i>Penicillium janthinellum</i>EU2D-21 under Submerged Fermentation

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第9期8卷 687-698页

作者： Anil Kumar Nagraj Digambar gokhale NCIM Resource Center CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune Maharashtra India

Bacterial biofilms are the bacterial aggregates that are embedded in the self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that cause persistent bacterial infections posing significant medical challenges. They are recalcitrant to antibiotics and host defenses which make the treatments difficult and costly. Penicillium janthinellum mutant EU2D-21 was found to produce extracellular enzyme complex (amylase, cellulase, protease) under submerged fermentation. Maximum specific enzyme activities were found to be 3.04 IU/mg, 2.61 IU/mg and 3.39 IU/mg for alpha-amylase, cellulase and protease respectively, after 8 days of incubation at 30?C. We evaluated the enzyme complex for its ability to target and degrade the biofilms of different bacteria. We found that it degraded biofilms of Escherichia coli (85.5%), Salmonella enterica (79.72%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (88.76%) and Staphyloccus aureus (87.42%) within 1 h of incubation at 50?C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), quantitation of biofilm removal assay and Crystal violet assay demonstrated that the enzyme complex detached the biofilm exo-polysaccharide matrix and bacteria from the cell surface. These results illustrate the feasibility and benefits of using this enzyme complex as anti-biofilm therapeutics to eradicate biofilms. This can also be used as a promising strategy to improve treatment of multidrug resistant bacterial infections.

关键词： Penicillium janthinellum Cellulase Biofilm Degradation Bacterial Biofilms

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