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Classification and management of community forests in Indian Eastern Himalayas:implications on ecosystem services,conservation and livelihoods

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 297-311页

作者： Ranjay k.singh Shah M.Hussain T.Riba Anshuman singh Egul Padung Orik Rallen Y.J.Lego Ajay kumar Bhardwaj College of Horticulture and Forestry Central Agricultural UniversityPasighatArunachal Pradesh 791102India ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute KarnalHaryana 132001India Doying Gumin College East SiangPasighatArunachal PradeshIndia Pasighat India

Introduction:Evidence is mounting that traditional knowledge can play a critical role in shaping the biodiversity conservation strategies and maintaining ecosystem *** study was conducted with Adi community of Arunachal Pradesh(Ar P)state in the Eastern Indian Himalayas to understand as how local systems of forest classification governs conservation tradition and influences subsistence *** Adi villages were sampled from East Siang district of Ar P.A total of 197 men and 204 women(total of 401)Adi respondents were selected for this study.A combination of methodologies including in-depth interview,transect walks,focus group discussion,participant observation and informal interactions were combined for data ***:Local forests are classified into 10 different categories based on indicators such as topography,cultural significance,use typology,ownership rights and plant diversity *** people assign different values(economic,cultural and ecological)to different forest ***,morang followed by regpi and homegardens are perceived to be more valuable to the local needs than other forests with relative ranking of a particular forest reflecting its *** access several diverse services from these community-managed *** to men(3–35%),the role of women was assessed to be much higher(65 to 100%)in conserving forest ***-led practices,instrumental in sustainable forest management,included deliberate manipulations of micro-habitats,sustainable harvesting strategies and species *** were mostly involved in ownership and decision-making roles and in devising social norms to ensure *** celebrate a number of cultural events to sustain ***-based livelihoods are intrinsically connected to forest resource conservation and are governed by community *** of the community members gather plants,hunt wild animals and access other ecosystem se

关键词： Adi tribe Forest classification Traditional ecological knowledge Indigenous institutions Ecosystem services Conservation Livelihoods

Reprogramming plant specialized metabolism by manipulating protein kinases

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aBIOTECH 2021年第3期2卷 226-239页

作者： Ruiqing Lyu Sanjay k.singh Yongliang Liu Barunava Patra Yan Zhou Bingwu Wang Sitakanta Pattanaik Ling Yuan Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and the kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center University of Kentucky1401 University DriveLexingtonKY 40546USA South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Tobacco Breeding Center Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural SciencesKunming 650021YunnanChina

Being sessile,plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to balance between growth and defense to survive in the harsh *** transition from growth to defense is commonly achieved by factors,such as protein kinases(Pks)and transcription factors,that initiate signal transduction and regulate specialized *** produce an array of lineage-specific specialized metabolites for chemical defense and stress *** of these molecules are also used by humans as ***,many of these defense-responsive metabolites are toxic to plant cells and inhibitory to growth and *** have,thus,evolved complex regulatory networks to balance the accumulation of the toxic *** of external stimuli is a vital part of the regulatory *** kinase-mediated signaling activates a series of defense responses by phosphorylating the target pro-teins and translating the stimulus into downstream cellular *** biosynthesis of specialized metabolites is triggered when plants perceive stimuli,a possible connection between Pks and spe-cial ized meta bolism is well ***,the roles of Pks in plant specialized metabolism have not received much attention until ***,we summarize the recent advances in understanding Pks in plant specialized *** aim to highlight how the stimulatory signals are transduced,leading to the biosynthesis of corresponding *** discuss the post-translational regulation of specialized metabolism and provide insights into the mechanisms by which plants respond to the external *** addition,we propose possible strategies to increase the production of plant spe-cial ized metabolites in biotechnological applications using Pks.

关键词： Medicinal plants Protein kinases MAP kinase Specialized metabolites Post-translational regulation Signal transd uction

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss-A contemporary review of management issues

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Journal of Otology 2020年第2期15卷 67-73页

作者： anup singh David Victor kumar Irugu Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Medanta-the MedicityGurugramHaryanaIndia Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is an enigmatic entity,with obscure pathophysiology and debatable efficacy of the treatment agents *** underlying cause is identified in only 10-15%of *** management of the remaining patients,classified as‘idiopathic’,is empirical,and is conventionally with systemic steroids,vasodilator therapy,rheological agents,and antioxidants,to list a few amongst the host of the agents employed for the *** availability of conflicting outcomes and lack of conclusive evidence has resulted in the propagation of consensus-based treatment *** the present review,we discuss the various controversial issues and newer developments in the management of idiopathic *** current review aims to present a narrative outlook of the updated evidence base available from PUBMED,augmented with relevant designated publications.

关键词： Hearing loss Sudden Sensorineural Instillation Drug Dexamethasone Prognosis

A field study of a roof bolter canopy air curtain(2nd generation)for respirable coal mine dust control

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第5期29卷 711-720页

作者： W.R.Reed S.klima M.Shahan G.J.H.Ross k.singh R.Cross T.Grounds CDC NIOSH Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA Fletcher&Co. HuntingtonWV 25705USA Prairie State Generating Company LLC Lively GroveIL 62257USA

A 2nd generation roof bolter canopy air curtain(CAC)design was tested by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)at a Midwestern underground coal *** the study,the roof bolter never operated downwind of the continuous *** a combination of personal Data Rams(pDR)and gravimetric samplers,the dust control efficiency of the roof bolter CAC was *** evaluation was determined using three methods:(1)comparing roof bolter operator concentrations underneath the CAC to roof bolter concentrations outside the CAC,(2)comparing roof bolter operator concentrations underneath the CAC to the concentrations at the rear of the bolter,and finally,(3)using the gravimetric data directly underneath the CAC to correct roof bolter operator concentrations underneath the CAC and comparing them to the concentrations at the rear of the *** 1 dust control efficiencies ranged from 53.9%to 60.4%.Method 2 efficiencies ranged from 150.5%to 52.2%,and Method 3 efficiencies ranged from 40.7%to 91%.Reasons for negative and low dust control efficiencies are provided in this paper and include:incorrect sampling locations,large distance between CAC and operator,and contamination of intake air from line *** dust concentrations encountered during the testing made it difficult to discern whether differences in concentrations were due to the CAC or due to variances inherent in experimental dust ***,the analyses,especially the Method 3 analysis,show that the CAC can be an effective dust control device.

关键词： Coal Roof bolter Respirable dust Underground mining

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha stabilization for regenerative therapy in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第5期12卷 696-701页

作者： Mushfiquddin khan Hamza khan Inderjit singh Avtar k.singh Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA College of Medicine University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center Charleston SC USA

Mild traumatic brain injury（TBI）, also called concussion, initiates sequelae leading to motor deficits, cognitive impairments and subtly compromised neurobehaviors. While the acute phase of TBI is associated with neuroinflammation and nitroxidative burst, the chronic phase shows a lack of stimulation of the neurorepair process and regeneration. The deficiency of nitric oxide（NO）, the consequent disturbed NO metabolome, and imbalanced mechanisms of S-nitrosylation are implicated in blocking the mechanisms of neurorepair processes and functional recovery in the both phases. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha（HIF-1α）, a master regulator of hypoxia/ischemia, stimulates the process of neurorepair and thus aids in functional recovery after brain trauma. The activity of HIF-1α is regulated by NO via the mechanism of S-nitrosylation of HIF-1α. S-nitrosylation is dynamically regulated by NO metabolites such as S-nitrosoglutathione（GSNO） and peroxynitrite. GSNO stabilizes, and peroxynitrite destabilizes HIF-1α. Exogenously administered GSNO was found not only to stabilize HIF-1α and to induce HIF-1α-dependent genes but also to stimulate the regeneration process and to aid in functional recovery in TBI animals.

关键词： traumatic brain injury hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha S-nitrosoglutathione neurorepair functional recovery

Molecular Docking of Bacosides with Tryptophan Hydroxylase:A Model to Understand the Bacosides Mechanism

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2014年第4期4卷 251-255页

作者： David Mary Rajathei Jayakumar Preethi Hemant k.singh koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan Department of Bioinformtics Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India Department of Animal Science School of Life SciencesBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India Laboratories of CNS Disorder Learning&MemoryDivision of PharmacologyCentral Drug Research InstituteLucknow 226031India

Tryptophan hydroxylase(TPH)catalyses L-tryptophan into 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan,which is the first and ratelimiting step of serotonin(5-HT)***,we found that TPH2 up-regulated in the hippocampus of postnatal rats after the oral treatment of Bacopa monniera leaf extract containing the active compound ***,the knowledge about the interactions between bacosides with TPH is *** this study,we take advantage of in silico approach to understand the interaction of bacoside-TPH complex using three different docking algorithms such as HexDock,PatchDock and *** these three algorithms showed that bacoside A and A3 well fit into the cavity consists of active ***,our analysis revealed that major active compounds bacoside A3 and A interact with different residues of TPH through hydrogen ***,Tyr235,Thr265 and Glu317 are the key residues among them,but none of them are either at tryptophan or BH4 binding ***,its note worthy to mention that Tyr 235 is a catalytic sensitive residue,Thr265 is present in the flexible loop region and Glu317 is known to interacts with *** with these residues may critically regulate TPH function and thus serotonin *** study suggested that the interaction of bacosides(A3/A)with TPH might up-regulate its activity to elevate the biosynthesis of 5-HT,thereby enhances learning and memory formation.

关键词： Serotonin Tryptophan hydroxylase Bacosides Docking

Retinal nerve fiber layer changes based on historic CD4 nadir among HIV positive patients undergoing glaucoma evaluation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第5期12卷 789-794页

作者： Sarah H.Van Tassel Paul Petrakos Elizabeth Marlow Elizabeth Mauer Harjot k.singh Anna M.Demetriades Department of Ophthalmology Weill Cornell Medicine Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department of Healthcare Policy & ResearchWeill Cornell Medicine Division of Infectious Disease New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine

AIM: To determine relationships between retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness and nadir CD4 cell count in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) positive patients evaluated for glaucoma ***: Data were reviewed for 329 HIV positive patients evaluated for glaucoma suspicion. High-definition optical coherence tomography(OCT) RNFL measurements were obtained at least 6 mo apart. Analyses were performed to identify relationships between nadir CD4 count and RNFL ***: Totally 110 eyes of 55 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 46 eyes were from subjects with nadir CD4ker superior(119.7±18.6 μm) and temporal(63.8±11.7 μm) quadrants at time of initial OCT compared to the superior(112.8±16.8 μm, P=0.048) and temporal(57.1±11.9 μm, P=0.004) quadrants of patients with higher nadir CD4. This trend toward thicker RNFL among subjects with lower nadir CD4 cell counts persisted at the time of follow up OCT where participants with nadir CD4kness in the superior and temporal quadrants of 117.9±18.3 μm and 63.8±12.8 μm, respectively, compared to a superior thickness of 110.5±16.9 μm(P=0.034) and temporal thickness of 57.3±11.6 μm(P=0.007) among those with higher nadir CD4. CONCLUSION: Patients with lower nadir CD4 cell counts have thicker RNFL in the superior and temporal quadrants compared to those with higher nadir CD4 counts. RNFL thickness in HIV positive patients may be affected by historic HIV disease control and should be considered when evaluating HIV positive patients for glaucoma.

关键词： glaucoma glaucoma suspect human immunodeficiency virus retinal nerve fiber layer

Bacterial diacetyl suppresses abiotic stress-induced senescence in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第6期64卷 1135-1139页

作者： Sunil k.singh Yazhou Sun Yu Yang Ziwei Zuo Xiaoxuan Wu Chuyang Shao Li Peng Paul W.Paré Huiming Zhang Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciencesthe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201602China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbock 79409TexasUSA

Premature plant senescence induced by abiotic stresses is a major cause of agricultural losses worldwide. Tools for suppressing stress-induced plant senescence are limited. Here, we report that diacetyl, a natural compound emitted by the plantbeneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,suppresses abscisic acid-mediated foliar senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana under various abiotic stress conditions. Our results establish diacetyl as an effective protector against stressinduced plant senescence and reveal a molecular mechanism for bacteria-enhanced plant stress resistance.

关键词： ABA diacetyl microbial volatile leaf senescence

Genetic sources and loci for wheat head blast resistance identified by genome-wide association analysis

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 793-801页

作者： Lei Wu Xinyao He Muhammad Rezaul kabir krishna kRoy Md.Babul Anwar Felix Marza Yi He Peng Jiang Xu Zhang Pawan k.singh CIMMYT-JAAS Joint Center for Wheat Diseases Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014JiangsuChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) ApdoPostal 6-64106600 Mexico D.F.Mexico Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute(BWMRI) NashipurDinajpur 5200Bangladesh Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agropecuaria y Forestal(INIAF) La PazBolivia

The emergence and spread of wheat blast caused by fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum is a threat to global wheat *** resistance level and genetic loci for blast resistance in Chinese germplasm remain unknown.A panel of 266 bread wheat accessions from China,CIMMYTMexico and other countries was screened for head blast resistance under 12 field experiments in Bolivia and ***,a genome-wide association study was performed to understand the genetic basis of wheat blast *** average blast index of all the accessions was 53.7%±12.7%,and 10 accessions including Chinese accessions Yumai 10 and Yu 02321 showed moderate to high levels of blast resistance,accounting for only 3.8%in the ***-eight significant SNPs clustered in a 28.9 Mb interval on the 2 AS/2 NS translocation region,explaining phenotypic variation between10.0%and 35.0%.The frequency of the 2 AS/2 NS translocation in the Chinese accessions was as low as4.5%.These results indicated that the 2 NS fragment was the only major locus conferring resistance to wheat blast in this panel,and the resistant and moderately resistant lines identified could be deployed in breeding.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum Host resistance Wheat blast GWAS