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Changes in species composition, diversity and biomass of herbaceous plant traits due to N amendment in a dry tropical environment of India

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第3期8卷 321-332页

作者： Punita Verma R.Sagar Hariom Verma Preeti Verma Dharmendra k.singh Department of Botany Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

Aim European and North american studies have suggested that nitrogen(N)depositions reduce plant diversity and increase primary pro-ductivity due to changes in plant *** predict the vegetation response to future global change,experimental validations from other regions are widely *** assessed the effects of N treat-ment by urea fertilization on the diversity and biomass of the her-baceous plant traits(HPTs)in a dry tropical environment of *** Diversity and biomass of different HPTs were determined on the basis of data collected in year 2010,from 135,1 m×1 m plots dis-tributed over 15 *** plots were treated with urea fertilizer in different doses(Control,60 kgNha−1 yr−1 and 120 kg N ha−1yr−1)since 1st January *** plots were ordinated and data were subjected to appropriate statistical *** Findings Correspondence analysis(Ca)suggested uniqueness of species composition due to N *** number and biomass of the trait categories varied due to N fertilization and *** studied trait categories(except N-fixers)yielded maximum mean species number at moderate level of N *** levels of N fer-tilization exhibited different species diversity-primary productivity(D-P)***,study showed reduction in plant diver-sity due to increase in biomass at high rates of N *** Tall,erect,non N-fixers,annuals,grasses HPTs were favoured by N enrichment.N dose above 60 kg enhanced the biomass of fast grow-ing,erect,annuals,non N-fixers,nitrophilic *** changes in traits with N addition,especially the increase in annuals and grasses and decrease in typically N-rich N-fixers,have implications for sus-tainable cattle production.

关键词： biomass Ca ordination dry tropics N amendment herbaceous plant traits primary productivity species diversity

Evaluating and predicting social behavior of arsenic affected communities:Towards developing arsenic resilient society

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Sushant k.singh Robert W.Taylor Venkatamallu Thadaboina Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State University1 Normal AveMontclairNJUnited States The Center for Artificial Intelligence and Environmental Sustainability(CAIES)Foundation PatnaBiharIndia National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj(NIRDPR) RajendranagarHyderabadTelanganaIndia

This study uses six machine learning(ML)algorithms to evaluate and predict individuals'social resilience towards arsenicosis-affected people in an arsenic-risk society of rural *** 50%of the surveyed communities were found to be resilient towards arsenicosis *** regression with inbuilt cross-validation(LRCV)model scored the highest accuracy(76%),followed by Gaussian distributionbased naïve Bayes(GNB)model(74%),C-Support Vector(SVC)(74%),k-neighbors(kn)(73%),Random Forest(RF)(72%),and Decision Tree(DT)(67%).The LRCV also scored the highest kappa value of 0.52,followed by GNB(0.48),SVC(0.48),kn(0.46),RF(0.42),and DT(0.31).Caste,education,occupation,housing status,sanitation behaviors,trust in others,non-profit and private organizations,social capital,and awareness played a key role in shaping social resilience towards arsenicosis *** authors opine that LRCV and GNB could be promising methods to develop models on similar data generated from a risk society.

关键词： Arsenic Resilience Society Socioeconomic Psychological Logistic regression India

Unleashing the Power of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Algorithmic Trading in the Digital Financial Frontier and Enterprise Information Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3123-3138页

作者： Saket Sarin Sunil k.singh Sudhakar kumar Shivam Goyal Brij Bhooshan Gupta Wadee Alhalabi Varsha Arya Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh160019India Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology(SCIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India Department of Computer Science Immersive Virtual Reality Research GroupKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Business Administration Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityBeirut11022801Lebanon UCRD Chandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413India

In the rapidly evolving landscape of today’s digital economy,Financial Technology(Fintech)emerges as a trans-formative force,propelled by the dynamic synergy between Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Algorithmic *** in-depth investigation delves into the intricacies of merging Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning(MARL)and Explainable AI(XAI)within Fintech,aiming to refine Algorithmic Trading *** meticulous examination,we uncover the nuanced interactions of AI-driven agents as they collaborate and compete within the financial realm,employing sophisticated deep learning techniques to enhance the clarity and adaptability of trading *** AI-infused Fintech platforms harness collective intelligence to unearth trends,mitigate risks,and provide tailored financial guidance,fostering benefits for individuals and enterprises navigating the digital *** research holds the potential to revolutionize finance,opening doors to fresh avenues for investment and asset management in the digital ***,our statistical evaluation yields encouraging results,with metrics such as Accuracy=0.85,Precision=0.88,and F1 Score=0.86,reaffirming the efficacy of our approach within Fintech and emphasizing its reliability and innovative prowess.

关键词： Neurodynamic Fintech multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithmic trading digital financial frontier

Soybean Root System Architecture Trait Study through Genotypic,Phenotypic,and Shape-Based Clusters

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 149-171页

作者： kevin G.Falk Talukder Zaki Jubery Jamie A.O’Rourke Arti singh Soumik Sarkar Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Asheesh k.singh Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research UnitAmesIowaUSA

We report a root system architecture(RSA)traits examination of a larger scale soybean accession set to study trait genetic *** from the limitation of scale,scope,and susceptibility to measurement variation,RSA traits are tedious to *** 35,448 SNPs with an imaging phenotyping platform,292 accessions(replications=14)were studied for RSA traits to decipher the genetic *** on literature search for root shape and morphology parameters,we used an ideotypebased approach to develop informative root(iRoot)categories using root *** RSA traits displayed genetic variability for root shape,length,number,mass,and *** accessions clustered into eight genotype-and phenotype-based clusters and displayed ***-based clusters correlated with geographical *** profiles indicated that much of US origin genotypes lack genetic diversity for RSA traits,while diverse accession could infuse useful genetic variation for these ***-based clusters were created by integrating convolution neural net and Fourier transformation methods,enabling trait cataloging for breeding and research *** combination of genetic and phenotypic analyses in conjunction with machine learning and mathematical models provides opportunities for targeted root trait breeding efforts to maximize the beneficial genetic diversity for future genetic gains.

关键词： neural breeding Root

Soil Biogeochemical Cycle Couplings Inferred from a Function-Taxon Network

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 432-441页

作者： Bin Ma Erinne Stirling Yuanhui Liu kankan Zhao Jizhong Zhou Brajesh k.singh Caixian Tang Randy A.Dahlgren Jianming Xu Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Acid Sulfate Soils Centre School of Biological SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute for Environmental Genomics Department of Microbiology and Plant Biologyand School of Civil Engineering and Environmental SciencesUniversity of OklahomaNormanOKUSA Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW 2750Australia Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesLa Trobe UniversityMelbourne CampusBundooraVIC 3086Australia Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of CaliforniaDavis95616 CAUSA

Soil biogeochemical cycles and their interconnections play a critical role in regulating functions and services of environmental ***,the coupling of soil biogeochemical processes with their mediating microbes remains poorly ***,we identified key microbial taxa regulating soil biogeochemical processes by exploring biomarker genes and taxa of contigs assembled from metagenomes of forest soils collected along a latitudinal transect(18°N to 48°N)in eastern *** environmental and soil factors,soil pH was a sensitive indicator for functional gene composition and diversity.A function-taxon bipartite network inferred from metagenomic contigs identified the microbial taxa regulating coupled biogeochemical cycles between carbon and phosphorus,nitrogen and sulfur,and nitrogen and *** results provide novel evidence for the coupling of soil biogeochemical cycles,identify key regulating microbes,and demonstrate the efficacy of a new approach to investigate the processes and microbial taxa regulating soil ecosystem functions.

关键词： soil forest Soil

Effect of temperature on carrier transport and photoconductivity of Mn-doped FeS2 thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第1期32卷 135-142页

作者： Jugraj singh kulwinder singh Manjot kaur anup Thakur Ram k.Sharma Ankush Vij Akshay kumar Department of Nanotechnology Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Department of Basic and Applied Sciences Punjabi University Centre for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) Department of Physics University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES)

Thin-film of Mn-doped iron disulfide（FeS2） has been prepared using the thermal evaporation method. This work reports the Hall measurements, temperature and light intensity-dependent photoconductivity, electrical transport mechanism, and photodetection properties of Mn-doped FeS2thin film. The transient photoconductivity measurements of p-type Mn-doped FeS2thin film show a consistent dependence upon temperature and light *** transport mechanism was illustrated using different models. In region-Ⅰ（303–393 k） deposited film followed the thermally activated transport mechanism. Nearest neighbour hopping（NNH） transport mechanism was followed by region-Ⅱ（274–293 k）, and Mott's variable range hopping（VRH） mechanism was dominant in region Ⅲ（108–273 k）. The fabricated device resulted in higher photoconductivity due to collecting charge carriers through electrodes under light illumination. The results also revealed that Mn-doped thin film possessed good photoresponsivity（～19 m A/W） as well as photo-detectivity(～3.4 × 1012Jones) due to the occupation of localized states formed by Mn-doping. Light intensity-dependent photodetection properties suggested the potential for real-time photodetection applications.

关键词： Mn-doped FeS 2 Charge transport Hopping mechanism Photodetection Responsivity

Suppression of monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting TGF-β-activated kinase 1-dependent signaling:role of the ubiquitin proteasome system

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 162-170页

作者： Anil k.singh Mahamudul Haque kayla O'Sullivan Mukesh Chourasia Madhu M.Ouseph Salahuddin Ahmed Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Washington State University College of PharmacySpokaneWAUSA Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Amity Institute of BiotechnologyAmity UniversityNoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pathology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Division of Rheumatology University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA

Monosodium urate(MSU)crystals activate inflammatory pathways that overlap with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)***,the post-translational mechanisms involved and the role of signaling proteins in this activation are *** the present study,we investigated the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in MSU-induced activation of THP-1 macrophages and human nondiseased synovial fibroblasts(NLSFs)and the in vivo efficacy of an inhibitor of tumor grovArth factor-β(TGF-β)-activated kinase 1(TAk1),5Z-7-oxozeaenoI,in MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL76 ***-1 macrophage activation with MSU crystals(25-200 ng/ml)resulted in the rapid and sustained phosphorylation of interleukin-1 receptor-activated kinase 1(IRAk1 Thr^(209))and TAk1(Thr^(184/187))and their association with the E3 ubiquitin ligase *** the cellular level,MSU inhibited the deubiquitinases A20 and UCHL2 and increased 20s proteasomal activity,leading to a global decrease in k^(63)-linked ubiquitination and increase in k^(48)-linked ubiquitination in THP-1 *** MSU did not stimulate cytokine produaion in NLSFs,it significantly amplified IL-1β-induced IL-6,IL-8,and ENA-78/CXCL5 *** studies and MD simulations followed by TAk1 in vitro kinase assays revealed that uric acid molecules are capable of arresting TAk1 in an active-state conformation,resulting in sustained TAk1 kinase ***,MSU-induced proinflammatory cytokine production was completely inhibited by 5Z-7-oxozeaenol but not IRAk1/4 or TRAF6 *** of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol(5 or 15 mg/kg;orally)significantly inhibited MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL/6 *** study identifies a novel post-translational mechanism of TAk1 activation by MSU and suggests the therapeutic potential of TAk1 in regulating MSU-induced Inflammation.

关键词： Monosodium urate crystals Gout TAk1 Ubiquitination 5Z-7-oxozeaenol

UAS-Based Plant Phenotyping for Research and Breeding Applications

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 242-262页

作者： Wei Guo Matthew E.Carroll Arti singh Tyson L.Swetnam Nirav Merchant Soumik Sarkar Asheesh k.singh Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoJapan Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA BIO5 Institute University of ArizonaTucsonUSA Data Science Institute University of ArizonaTucsonUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA

Unmanned aircraft system(UAS)is a particularly powerful tool for plant phenotyping,due to reasonable cost of procurement and deployment,ease and flexibility for control and operation,ability to reconfigure sensor payloads to diversify sensing,and the ability to seamlessly fit into a larger connected phenotyping *** advantages have expanded the use of UAS-based plant phenotyping approach in research and breeding *** paper reviews the state of the art in the deployment,collection,curation,storage,and analysis of data from UAS-based phenotyping *** discuss pressing technical challenges,identify future trends in UAS-based phenotyping that the plant research community should be aware of,and pinpoint key plant science and agronomic questions that can be resolved with the next generation of UAS-based imaging modalities and associated data analysis *** review provides a broad account of the state of the art in UAS-based phenotyping to reduce the barrier to entry to plant science practitioners interested in deploying this imaging modality for phenotyping in plant breeding and research areas.

关键词： breeding Plant payload

Microbial enhancement of plant nutrient acquisition

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 661-674页

作者： Sunil k.singh Xiaoxuan Wu Chuyang Shao Huiming Zhang Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201602China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Nutrient availability is a determining factor for crop yield and *** fertilization is a major approach for improving plant nutrition,its efficacy can be limited and the production and application of fertilizers frequently bring problems to the environment.A large number of soil microbes are capable of enhancing plant nutrient acquisition and thereby offer environmentally benign solutions to meet the requirements of plant *** we provide summations of how beneficial microbes enhance plant acquisition of macronutrients and *** also review recent studies on nutrition-dependent plant-microbe interactions,which highlight the plant’s initiative in establishing or deterring the plant-microbe *** dissecting complex signaling interactions between microbes within the root microbiome,a greater understanding of microbe-enhanced plant nutrition under specific biotic and abiotic stresses will be possible.

关键词： Beneficial microbes Plant Macronutrient Micronutrient Plant-microbe interactions Volatile organic compounds Microbiome