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Automatic Leukaemia Segmentation Approach for Blood Cancer Classification Using Microscopic Images

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3629-3648页

作者： anuj Sharma Deepak Prashar Arfat Ahmad Khan Faizan Ahmed Khan Settawit Poochaya School of Computer Applications Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144411India School of Computer Science&Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144411India Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand COMSATS University Lahore 54000Pakistan

Leukaemia is a type of blood cancer that is caused by undeveloped White Blood Cells(WBC),and it is also called a blast blood *** the marrow of human bones,leukaemia is developed and is responsible for blood cell generation with leukocytes and WBC,and if any cell gets blasted,then it may become a cause of ***,the diagnosis of leukaemia in its early stages helps greatly in the treatment along with saving human ***,in terms of detection,image segmentation techniques play a vital role,and they turn out to be the important image processing steps for the extraction of feature patterns from the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia(ALL)type of blood ***,the image segmentation technique focuses on the division of cells by segmenting a microscopic image into background and cancer blood cell nucleus,which is well-known as the Region Of Interest(ROI).As a result,in this article,we attempt to build a segmentation technique capable of solving blood cell nucleus segmentation issues using four distinct scenarios,including K-means,FCM(Fuzzy Cmeans),K-means with FFA(Firefly Algorithm),and FCM with ***,we determine the most effective method of blood cell nucleus segmentation,which we subsequently use for the Leukaemia classification ***,using the Convolution Neural Network(CNN)as a classifier,we developed a leukaemia cancer classification model from the microscopic *** proposed system’s classification accuracy is tested using the CNN to test the model on the ALL-IDB dataset and equate it to the current state of the *** terms of experimental analysis,we observed that the accuracy of the model is near to 99%,and it is far better than other existing models that are designed to segment and classify the types of leukaemia cancer in terms of ALL.

关键词： Leukaemia blood cell nucleus image segmentation HOG descriptor K-means FCM CNN microscopic images

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Uniform,Highly Conductive,and Patterned Transparent Films of a Percolating Silver Nanowire Network on Rigid and Flexible Substrates Using a Dry Transfer Technique

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Nano Research 2010年第8期3卷 564-573页

作者： anuj R.Madaria Akshay Kumar Fumiaki N.Ishikawa Chongwu Zhou Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Energy Nanoscience and Technology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90089USA

Silver nanowire films are promising alternatives to tin-doped indium oxide(ITO)films as transparent conductive *** this paper,we report the use of vacuum filtration and a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-assisted transfer printing technique to fabricate silver nanowire films on both rigid and flexible substrates,bringing advantages such as the capability of patterned transfer,the best performance among various ITO alternatives(10Ω/sq at 85%transparency),and good adhesion to the underlying substrate,thus eliminating the previously reported adhesion *** addition,our method also allows the preparation of high quality patterned films of silver nanowires with different line widths and shapes in a matter of few minutes,making it a scalable ***,use of an anodized aluminum oxide(AAO)membrane in the transfer process allows annealing of nanowire films at moderately high temperature to obtain films with extremely high conductivity and good *** this transfer technique,we obtained silver nanowire films on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate with a transparency of 85%,a sheet resistance of 10Ω/sq,with good mechanical *** analysis revealed that the Ag nanowire network exhibits two-dimensional percolation behavior with good agreement between experimentally observed and theoretically predicted values of critical volume。

关键词： Ag nanowire PDMS transfer transparent electrode flexible electronics percolation network

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Characteristics of lateral vehicular interactions in heterogeneous traffic with weak lane discipline

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2017年第2期25卷 74-89页

作者： anuj Kishor Budhkar Akhilesh Kumar Maurya Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India

Heterogeneous traffic conditions prevail in developing countries. Vehicles maintain weak lane discipline which increases lateral interactions of vehicles significantly. It is necessary to study these interactions in the form of maintained lateral gaps for modeling this traffic scenario. This paper aims at determining lateral clearances maintained by different vehicle types while moving in a heterogeneous traffic stream during overtaking. These data were collected using an instrumented vehicle which runs as a part of the stream. Variation of obtained clearance with average speed of interacting vehicles is studied and modeled. Different instrumented vehicles of various types are developed using （1） ultrasonic sensors fixed on both sides of vehicle, which provide inter-vehicular lateral distance and relative speed; and （2） GPS device with cameras, which provides vehicle type and speed of interacting vehicles. They are driven on different roads in six cities of India, to measure lateral gaps maintained with different interacting vehicles at different speeds. Relationships between lateral gaps and speed are modeled as regression lines with positive slopes and beta-distributed residuals. Nature of these graphs （i.e., slopes, intercepts, residuals） are also evaluated and compared for different interacting vehicle-type pairs. It is observed that similar vehicle pairs maintain less lateral clearance than dissimilar vehicle pairs. If a vehicle interacts with two vehicles （one on each side） simultaneously, lateral clearance is reduced and safety of the vehicles is compromised. The obtained relationships can be used for simulating lateral clearance maintaining behavior of vehicles in heterogeneous traffic.

关键词： Ultrasonic sensors - Heterogeneous traffic Lateral gaps Lateral vehicular interactions Weak lane discipline

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Investigation of Nanoscale Scratching on Copper with Conical Tools Using Particle-Based Simulation

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2023年第1期6卷 49-60页

作者： anuj Sharma Sivakumar Kulasegaram Emmanuel Brousseau Kane Esien Dan Read School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

In this study,a modeling approach based on smooth particle hydrodynamics(SPH)was implemented to simulate the nanoscale scratching process using conical tools with different negative rake *** implemented model enables the study of the topography of groove profiles,scratching forces,and the residual plastic strain beneath the *** elastoplastic material model was employed for the workpiece,and the tool–workpiece interaction was defined by a contact model adopted from the Hertz *** in-house Lagrangian SPH code was implemented to perform nano-scratching *** SPH simulation results were compared with nanoscale scratching experimental data available in the *** simulation results revealed that the normal force was more dominant compared to the cutting force,in agreement with experimental results reported for a conical tip tool with a 60°negative rake *** addition,the simulated groove profile was in good agreement with the groove profile produced in the aforementioned *** numerical simulations also showed that the normal and cutting forces increased with the increase in the scratching depth and rake *** the cutting and ploughing mechanisms were noticed in nano-scratching,the ploughing mechanism was more dominant for increased negative rake *** was also observed that residual plastic strain exists below the groove surface,and that the plastically deformed layer thickness beneath a scratched groove is larger for more negative values of the tool rake angle and higher scratching depths.

关键词： Nanoscale scratching SPH modeling Ploughing Cutting Groove profiles

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Patterns of Chromatin-Modifications Discriminate Different Genomic Features in Arabidopsis

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2013年第5期18卷 431-440页

作者： anuj Srivastava Xiaoyu Zhang Sal LaMarca Liming Cai Russell L. Malmberg Institute of Bioinformatics University of Georgia The Jackson Laboratory Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia Department of Computer Science University of Georgia

Dynamic regulation and packaging of genetic information is achieved by the organization of DNA into chromatin. Nucleosomal core histones, which form the basic repeating unit of chromatin, are subject to various post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitinylation. These modifications have effects on chromatin structure and, along with DNA methylation, regulate gene *** goal of this study was to determine if patterns in modifications were related to different categories of genomic features, and, if so, if the patterns had predictive value. In this study, we used publically available data（ChIP-chip）for different types of histone modifications（methylation and acetylation） and for DNA methylation for Arabidopsis thaliana and then applied a machine learning based approach（a support vector machine） to demonstrate that patterns of these modifications are very different among different kinds of genomic feature categories（protein, RNA,pseudogene, and transposon elements）. These patterns can be used to distinguish the types of genomic *** methylation and H3K4me3 methylation emerged as features with most discriminative power. From our analysis on Arabidopsis, we were able to predict 33 novel genomic features, whose existence was also supported by analysis of RNA-seq experiments. In summary, we present a novel approach which can be used to discriminate/detect different categories of genomic features based upon their patterns of chromatin modification and DNA methylation.

关键词： chromatin modification DNA methylation support vector machine machine learning Arabidopsis

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Optical Generation of mm-Wave Signal Through Optoelectronic Phase-Locked Loop

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 391-392页

作者： Madhumita Bhattacharya anuj Kumar Saw Taraprasad Chattopadhyay Department of Physics Visva-Bharati University P.O. Santiniketan (731235) West Bengal India.Department of Physics Visva-Bharati University P.O. Santiniketan (731235) West Bengal India.Department of Physics Visva-Bharati University P.O. Santiniketan (731235) West Bengal India.

In this paper, we propose a scheme for the generation of low phase noise tunable mm-wave signal by bearing two lightwaves in a photodiode. These two lightwaves are made phase coherent by an optoelectronic phase locked... 详细信息

关键词： of as in be Optical Generation of mm-Wave Signal Through Optoelectronic Phase-Locked Loop LDI

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Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis treated with current standards of care

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第18期26卷 2221-2231页

作者： anuj Bohra Thomas Worland Samuel Hui Ryma Terbah Ann Farrell Marcus Robertson Department of Gastroenterology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Medicine School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a reversible neuropsychiatric complication of liver cirrhosis and occurs in up to 50%of cirrhotic *** examining the prognostic significance of HE are limited despite the high prevalence in *** To define the clinical outcomes of patients after an episode of HE treated with current *** All patients hospitalised with HE requiring Rifaximin to 3 tertiary centres over46-mo(2012–2016)were identified via pharmacy dispensing *** with hepatocellular carcinoma and those prescribed Rifaximin prior to admission were *** records were reviewed to determine baseline characteristics and *** Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival *** survival analysis was performed with variables reaching statistical significance included in a multivariate *** primary outcome was 12-mo mortality following commencement of ***188 patients were *** age was 57 years(IQR 50-65),71%were male and median model for end stage liver disease and Child Pugh scores were 25(IQR 18-31)and 11(IQR 9-12)*** most common causes of cirrhosis were alcohol(62%),hepatitis C(31%)and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(20%).A precipitating cause for HE was found in 92%patients with infection(43%),GI bleeding(16%),medication non-compliance(15%)and electrolyte imbalance(14%)the most *** a mean follow up period of 12±13 mo 107(57%)patients died and 32(17%)received orthotopic liver *** common causes of death were decompensated chronic liver disease(57%)and sepsis(19%).The probability of survival was 44%and 35%at 12-and 24-mo *** multivariate analysis a model for end stage liver disease>15 and international normalised ratio reached statistical significance in predicting *** Despite advances made in the management of HE patients continue to have poor ***,in all patients

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Prognosis Rifaximin Lactulose

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Transaminitis is an indicator of mortality in patients with COVID-19:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第9期12卷 619-627页

作者： Vishnu Charan Suresh Kumar Prateek Suresh Harne Samiran Mukherjee Kashvi Gupta Umair Masood anuj Vikrant Sharma Jivan Lamichhane Amit singh Dhamoon Bishnu Sapkota Department of Internal Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13202United States Department of Internal Medicine University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Division of Gastroenterology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13202United States Division of Gastroenterology Syracuse VA medical CenterSyracuseNY 13202United States

BACKGROUND Since its discovery in Wuhan,China in December of 2019,the novel coronavirus has progressed to become one of the worst pandemics seen in the last 100 ***,there has been an increased interest in the hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19).AIM To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 positive patients and study the association between transaminitis and all-cause *** This is a descriptive retrospective cohort study of 130 consecutive patients with a positive COVID PCR test admitted between March 16,2020 to May 14,2020 at a tertiary care University-based medical *** Wilcoxon-rank sum test and paired t-test were used for comparing non-parametric and parametric continuous variables respectively and a multivariable logistic regression models to study the association between transaminitis and mortality using SAS version 9.4(SAS Institute,Cary,NC,United States).RESULTS Out of the 130 patients,73(56%)patients were found to have transaminitis and 57(44%)did *** compared to patients without transaminitis,the transaminitis group was found to have a higher median body mass index(30.2 kg/m2 vs 27.3 kg/m2,P=0.04).In the multivariate analysis those with transaminitis were found to have 3.4 times higher odds of dying as compared to those without transaminitis adjusting for gender,the Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index and admission to the intensive care unit(P=0.03).CONCLUSION Our study showed that transaminitis on admission was associated with severe clinical outcomes such as admission to the intensive care unit,need for mechanical ventilation,and mortality.

关键词： COVID-19 Liver Mortality Transaminitis Liver enzymes Aspartate aminotransferase Alanine aminotransferase

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Hierarchical peony-like FeCo-NC with conductive network and highly active sites as efficient electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn-air battery

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Nano Research 2020年第4期13卷 1090-1099页

作者： Yiyan Wang anuj Kumar Mang Ma Yin Jia Yu Wang Ying Zhang Guoxin Zhang Xiaoming Sun Zifeng Yan State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Department of Chemistry Institute of Humanities and applied ScienceGLA UniversityMathura-281406India

Carbon materials featuring hierarchical pores and atomically dispersed metal sites are promising catalysts for energy storage and conversion ***,we developed a facile strategy to construct functional carbon materials with a fluffy peony-like structure and dense binary FeCo-Nx active sites(termed as f-FeCo-CNT).By regulating the metal content in precursors,a three-dimensional(3D)interconnected conductive carbon nanotubes network was in-situ formed throughout the atomically dispersed FeCo-NC matrix during *** advantage of rich pore hierarchy and co-existence of highly active FeCo-Nx sites and beneficial FeCo alloy nanoparticles,the f-FeCo-CNT material exhibited excellent bifunctional performance towards oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reactions(ORR/OER)with respect to the atomically dispersed FeCo-NC(SA-f-FeCo-NC)and commercial Pt/C+Ru02 mixture,surpassing the SA-f-FeCo-NC with a 20 mV higher ORR half-wave potential and a 100 mV lower OER overpotential(at 10.0 mA/cm^2).Remarkably,the f-FeCo-CNT-assembled Zn-air battery(ZAB)possessed a maximum specific power of 195.8 mW/cm^2,excellent rate capability,and very good cycling stability at large current density of 20.0 mA/cm^*** work provides a facile and feasible synthetic strategy of constructing low-cost cathode materials with excellent comprehensive ZAB performance.

关键词： atom ically dispersed catalyst hierarchical structure carbon nanotube oxygen electrocatalyst rechargeable zinc-air battery

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Some models for epidemics of vector-transmitted diseases

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2016年第1期1卷 79-87页

作者： Fred Brauer Carlos Castillo-Chavez anuj Mubayi Sherry Towers University of British Columbia VancouverBCCanada Arizona State University TempeAZUSA

Vector-transmitted diseases such as dengue fever and chikungunya have been spreading rapidly in many parts of the *** Zika virus has been known since 1947 and invaded South America in *** can be transmitted not only by(mosquito)vectors but also directly through sexual *** has developed into a serious global health problem because,while most cases are asymptomatic or very light,babies born to Zika-infected mothers may develop microcephaly and other very serious birth *** formulate and analyze two epidemic models for vector-transmitted diseases,one appropriate for dengue and chikungunya fever outbreaks and one that includes direct transmission appropriate for Zika virus *** is especially important because the Zika virus is the first example of a disease that can be spread both indirectly through a vector and directly(through sexual contact).In both cases,we obtain expressions for the basic reproduction number and show how to use the initial exponential growth rate to estimate the basic reproduction ***,for the model that includes direct transmission some additional data would be needed to identify the fraction of cases transmitted *** for the 2015 Zika virus outbreak in Barranquilla,Colombia has been used to fit parameters to the model developed here and to estimate the basic reproduction number.

关键词： diseases mother epidemic

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