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A risk-based model for predicting the impact of using condoms on the spread of sexually transmitted infections

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第1期2卷 100-112页

作者： Asma Azizi Karen Ríos-Soto anuj mubayi James MHyman Department of Mathematics Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70118United States Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Puerto RicoMayaguezPR00610United States School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUnited States Simon A.Levin Mathematical Computational Modeling Science Center Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUnited States

We create and analyze a mathematical model to understand the impact of condom-use and sexual behavior on the prevalence and spread of Sexually Transmitted Infections(STIs).STIs remain significant public health challenges globally with a high burden of some Sexually Transmitted Diseases(STDs)in both developed and undeveloped *** condom-use is known to reduce the transmission of STIs,there are a few quantitative population-based studies on the protective role of condom-use in reducing the incidence of *** number of concurrent partners is correlated with their risk of being infectious by an STI such as chlamydia,gonorrhea,or *** develop a Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible(SIS)model that stratifies the population based on the number of concurrent *** model captures the multi-level heterogeneous mixing through a combination of biased(preferential)and random(proportional)mixing processes between individuals with distinct risk levels,and accounts for differences in condom-use in the low-and high-risk *** use sensitivity analysis to assess the relative impact of high-risk people using condom as a prophylactic intervention to reduce their chance of being infectious,or infecting *** model predicts the STI prevalence as a function of the number of partners of an individual,and quantifies how this distribution of effective partners changes as a function of *** results show that when the mixing is random,then increasing the condom-use in the high-risk population is more effective in reducing the prevalence than when many of the partners of high-risk people have high *** model quantifies how the risk of being infected increases for people who have more partners,and the need for high-risk people to consistently use condoms to reduce their risk of infection.

关键词： Mathematical modeling Sexually transmitted infection(STI) Biased(preferential)mixing Random(proportional)mixing Condom-use Risk(number of partners)

Development of bimetallic spinel catalysts for low-temperature decomposition of ammonium dinitramide monopropellants

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 47-54页

作者： C.Shamjitha anuj A.Vargeese Laboratory for Energetic and Energy Materials Research(LEEMR) Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikode 673601India

Ammonium dinitramide(ADN)based liquid monopropellants have been identified as environmentally benign substitutes for hydrazine ***,new catalysts are to be developed for making ADN monopropellants cold-start *** the present study,performance of Co and Ba doped CuCr_2O_4 nanocatalysts prepared by hydrothermal method was evaluated on the decomposition of aqueous ADN solution and ADN liquid monopropellant(LMP103X).The catalysts were characterized by PXRD(Powder X-ray Diffraction),FTIR(Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy),SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy),TEM(Transmission Electron Microscopy),EDS(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy),and XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy).The nanosize was confirmed by SEM and TEM,while the nanoflake morphology was confirmed by the SEM ***,we obtained the elemental composition from the EDS *** investigated the catalytic activity of the catalysts by thermogravimetric(TG)analysis and the developed catalysts lowered the decomposition temperature of ADN monopropellant by about 55℃.The XPS analysis confirmed the presence of metal ions with different chemical ***,increase in the surface area of the catalysts and the mixed active sites as well as the development of oxygen vacancy on the catalyst surface introduced by metal doping are influencing the decomposition temperature of ADN samples.

关键词： ADN monopropellant Mixed metal oxides Doped spinels Catalytic decomposition

ROS and oxidative burst:Roots in plant development

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Plant Diversity 2020年第1期42卷 33-43页

作者： anuj Choudhary Antul Kumar Nirmaljit Kaur Department of Botany College of Basic Sciences and HumanitiesPunjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana141004PunjabIndia

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are widely generated in various redox reactions in *** earlier *** were considered toxic byproducts of aerobic *** recent years,it has become clear that ROS act as plant signaling molecules that participate in various processes such as growth and *** studies have elucidated the roles of ROS from seed germination to ***,there is much to discover about the diverse roles of ROS as signaling molecules and their mechanisms of sensing and *** may provide possible benefits to plant physiological processes by supporting cellular proliferation in cells that maintain basal levels prior to oxidative *** ROS are largely perceived as either negative by-products of aerobic metabolism or makers for plant stress,elucidating the range of functions that ROS play in growth and development still require attention.

关键词： Oxidative signaling Developmental processes Plant ROS Functional range

Soft-sediment deformation structures in the Mesoproterozoic Kaimur Sandstone,Vindhyan Supergroup(Central India),and their seismotectonic implications

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第3期12卷 463-486页

作者： Jayanta Kumar Pati anuj Kumar Singh Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj211002India National Centre of Experimental Mineralogy and Petrology 14 Chatham LinesUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj211002India

The unequivocal identification of soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS)is a significant attribute to constrain the effect of transient geological events in the spatio-temporal evolution of ancient sedimentary *** paper reports and discusses,for the first time,the occurrence of several cm-to dm-scale SSDS within sandstone successions of the Mesoproterozoic Kaimur Group(Vindhyan Supergroup),exposed at the Hanumandhara Hill of Chitrakoot-Satna border region,Madhya Pradesh State,*** SSDS are confined to a deformed interval comprising seven individual sedimentary units of variable composition and texture,which are sandwiched between nearly horizontally undeformed sandstone *** SSDS consist of load structures(load casts,flame structures,pseudonodules and ball-and-pillow structures),contorted lamination,convolute lamination,boudins and pinch-and-swell structures,deformed cross-stratification,slump structures,clastic injections,fluid escape structures,and syn-sedimentary fractures/*** pre-sent study suggests that the formation of these SSDS is essentially related to a combination of processes(gravitational instability,liquefaction,fluidization,and fluid escape)predominantly induced by seismic *** addition,the restricted occurrence of fractures/faults in these deformed layers emphasizes the passage of seismically-induced Rayleigh *** the observed types of SSDS,their lateral homo-geneity and geographic distribution along with the geodynamic framework of the Vindhyan Basin,the whole area can be tentatively attributed to having experienced moderate-to high-magnitude(M≥5)*** present study combined with earlier reports of seismically-induced SSDS,from other regionally disposed formations belonging to the Lower(e.g.,Kajrahat Limestone,Chopan Porcellanite,Koldaha Shale,Rohtas Limestone,and Glauconitic Sandstone of the Semri Group)and Upper(e.g.,Bhander Limestone of the Bhander Group)Vindhyan Supergroup,respectively,provi

关键词： Soft-sediment deformation structures SSDS Seismites Kaimur Group Vindhyan Basin Sand-stone Central India

Melanoma Detection Based on Hybridization of Extended Feature Space

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 2175-2198页

作者： anuj Kumar Shakti Kumar DCSA Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India

Melanoma is a perfidious form of skin *** study offers a hybrid framework for the automatic classification of *** Auto-matic Melanoma Detection System(AMDS)is used for identifying melanoma from the infected area of the skin image using image processing techniques.A larger number of pre-existing automatic melanoma detection systems are either commercial or their accuracy can be further *** research problem is to identify the best preprocessing technique,feature extractor,and classifier for melanoma detection using publically available MED-NODE data *** goes through four *** preprocessing stage is for noise removal;the segmentation stage is for extracting lesions from infected skin images;the feature extraction stage is for determining the features like asymmetry,border,and color,and the classification stage is to classify the lesion as benign or *** infected input image for the AMDS may contain impurities such as noise,illumination,artifacts,and *** the proposed methodology an algorithm LePrePro is proposed for the prepro-cessing stage for denoising and brightness cum contrast normalization and another algorithm LeFET is proposed for extending the feature vector space in the feature extraction stage using a hybrid *** the study,a novel approach has been proposed in which different classifiers,feature extractions,and data preprocessing steps of the AMDS are *** a conclusion,this comparison revealed that on experimentation using Med-Node and ISIC 2017 Dataset,the best results included Gaussian blur as the best data preprocessing step,Extended feature vector which is the combination of Hue Saturation Value(HSV),and Local Binary Pattern(LBP)was the best feature extraction method,and the ensemble bagged tree was the best classification technique on the Med-Node data sets with 99%Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(AUC),93.52%accuracy,90.82%sensitivity,and 98.36%specificity in the proposed

关键词： Machine learning melanoma detection feature extraction benign classification image processing

Thermal performance and comfort assessment of U-shape and helical shape earth-air heat exchanger in India

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第2期3卷 171-180页

作者： anuj Mathur Sanjay Kumar Mechanical Engineering Department Global Institute of TechnologyJaipur 302022India Mechanical Engineering Department Dr.B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar 144011India

Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger(EATHE)systems are not so much popular in India because of restricted acces-sibility of ground space in majority of residential and commercial *** the present article,thermal perfor-mance of newly designed helical shaped EATHE system has been compared with conventional U-shaped EATHE system by keeping similar geometrical and operational configuration for the summer(April-June)and winter(December-February),*** this regard,therefore,numerical model of both EATHE systems have been designed and experimentally *** thermal performance of both EATHE systems has been compared in terms of outlet air temperature and *** present numerical study suggested that the newly designed helical EATHE system exhibits better thermal performance with lower ground requirement as compared to con-ventional U-shaped EATHE *** evaluate the thermal comfort potential of EATHE system in office buildings of India,composite climate specific adaptive thermal comfort boundaries has been *** detailed thermal performance behaviour of the EATHE system suggests that an additional 80%of the time;ambient air condi-tions became thermally comfortable during peak summer *** addition,analysis of the results revealed that EATHE system has more potential during heating operation mode to maintain indoor comfort in winter season of composite climate in India.

关键词： EATHE system U-shaped EATHE Helical EATHE Thermal comfort Summer cooling Winter heating

Polysaccharide-based magnetically responsive polyelectrolyte hydrogels for tissue engineering applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第8期34卷 1371-1377页

作者： Kummara Madhusudana Rao anuj Kumar Sung Soo Han School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Department of Nano Medical and Polymer MaterialsYeungnam University

Polysaccharide-based bionanocomposite hydrogels with functional nanomaterials were used in biomed- ical applications. Self-organization of xanthan gum and chitosan in the presence of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles （Fe304 MNPs） allowed us to form magnetically responsive polyelectrolyte complex hydro- gels （MPECHs） via insitu ionic complexation using D-（＋）-glucuronic acid ^-lactone as a green acidifying agent. Characterization confirmed the successful formation of （and structural interactions within） the MPECH and good porous structure. The rheological behavior and compressive properties of the PECH and MPECH were measured. The results indicated that the incorporation of Fe304 MNPs into the PECH greatly improved mechanical properties and storage modulus （G＇）. In vitro cell culture of NIH3T3 fibroblasts on MPECHs showed improvements in cell proliferation and adhesion in an external magnetic field relative to the pristine PECH. The results showed that the newly developed MPECH could potentially be used as a magnetically stimulated system in tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticles Bionanocomposite HydrogelsCell proliferation AdhesionTissue engineering

Effects of cartilaginous rings on airflow and particle transport through simplified and realistic models of human upper respiratory tracts

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第6期29卷 883-892页

作者： Vivek Kumar Srivastav Akshoy Ranjan Paul anuj Jain Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology

In the present study, computational fluid dynamics （CFD） is used to investigate inspiratory and expiratory airflow characteristics in the human upper respiratory tract for the purpose of identifying the probable locations of particle deposition and the wall injury. Computed tomography （CT） scan data was used to reconstruct a three dimensional respiratory tract from trachea to first generation bronchi. To compare, a simplified model of respiratory tract based on Weibel was also used in the study. The steady state results are obtained for an airflow rate of 45 L/min, corresponding to the heavy breathing condition. The velocity distribution, wall shear stress, static pressure and particle deposition are compared for inspiratory flows in simplified and realistic models and expiratory flows in realistic model only. The results show that the location of cartilaginous rings is susceptible to wall injury and local particle deposition.

关键词： Upper respiratory tract Cartilaginous rings Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Computed tomogra- phy (CT) Wall shear stress Particle deposition.

Prediction of Alzheimer’s Using Random Forest with Radiomic Features

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第4期45卷 513-530页

作者： anuj Singh Raman Kumar Arvind Kumar Tiwari KNIT Sultanpur Sultanpur228118India

Alzheimer’s disease is a non-reversible,non-curable,and progressive neurological disorder that induces the shrinkage and death of a specific neuronal population associated with memory formation and *** is a frequently occurring mental illness that occurs in about 60%–80%of cases of *** is usually observed between people in the age group of 60 years and *** upon the severity of symptoms the patients can be categorized in Cognitive Normal(CN),Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI)and Alzheimer’s Disease(AD).Alzheimer’s disease is the last phase of the disease where the brain is severely damaged,and the patients are not able to live on their *** is an approach to extracting a huge number of features from medical images with the help of data characterization ***,105 number of radiomic features are extracted and used to predict the alzhimer’*** paper uses Support Vector Machine,K-Nearest Neighbour,Gaussian Naïve Bayes,eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)and Random Forest to predict Alzheimer’s *** proposed random forest-based approach with the Radiomic features achieved an accuracy of 85%.This proposed approach also achieved 88%accuracy,88%recall,88%precision and 87%F1-score for AD ***,it achieved 72%accuracy,73%recall,72%precisionand 71%F1-score for AD *** and it achieved 69%accuracy,69%recall,68%precision and 69%F1-score for MCI *** comparative analysis shows that the proposed approach performs better than others approaches.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease radiomic features cognitive normal support vector machine mild cognitive impairment extreme gradient boosting random forest