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A risk-based model for predicting the impact of using condoms on the spread of sexually transmitted infections

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第1期2卷 100-112页

作者： Asma Azizi Karen Ríos-Soto anuj mubayi James MHyman Department of Mathematics Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70118United States Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Puerto RicoMayaguezPR00610United States School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUnited States Simon A.Levin Mathematical Computational Modeling Science Center Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUnited States

We create and analyze a mathematical model to understand the impact of condom-use and sexual behavior on the prevalence and spread of Sexually Transmitted Infections(STIs).STIs remain significant public health challenges globally with a high burden of some Sexually Transmitted Diseases(STDs)in both developed and undeveloped *** condom-use is known to reduce the transmission of STIs,there are a few quantitative population-based studies on the protective role of condom-use in reducing the incidence of *** number of concurrent partners is correlated with their risk of being infectious by an STI such as chlamydia,gonorrhea,or *** develop a Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible(SIS)model that stratifies the population based on the number of concurrent *** model captures the multi-level heterogeneous mixing through a combination of biased(preferential)and random(proportional)mixing processes between individuals with distinct risk levels,and accounts for differences in condom-use in the low-and high-risk *** use sensitivity analysis to assess the relative impact of high-risk people using condom as a prophylactic intervention to reduce their chance of being infectious,or infecting *** model predicts the STI prevalence as a function of the number of partners of an individual,and quantifies how this distribution of effective partners changes as a function of *** results show that when the mixing is random,then increasing the condom-use in the high-risk population is more effective in reducing the prevalence than when many of the partners of high-risk people have high *** model quantifies how the risk of being infected increases for people who have more partners,and the need for high-risk people to consistently use condoms to reduce their risk of infection.

关键词： Mathematical modeling Sexually transmitted infection(STI) Biased(preferential)mixing Random(proportional)mixing Condom-use Risk(number of partners)

Multi-omics:Powerful accelerator for uncovering plant specialized metabolic pathways:The case of leonurine

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 13-15页

作者： Priyanka Gupta anuj Sharma Dinesh A.Nagegowda Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsResearch CentreBengaluru 560065India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad 201002India

As sessile organisms,plants employ a unique adaptive strategy to survive harsh terrestrial environments and defend against or interact with coevolving animals and *** strategy involves expanding their metabolic systems,resulting in the production of plant specialized metabolites(PSMs)or natural ***,PSMs constitute a highly diverse group of compounds based on their common core structure,comprising terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,benzenoids,alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds,glucosinolates,indoles and sulfur-containing indole compounds,phenolics,and fatty acid derivatives(Garagounis et al.,2021).

关键词： expanding alkaloids sulfur

Overlap in oncogenic and pro-inflammatory pathways associated with areca nut and nicotine exposure

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2024年第3期2卷 187-194页

作者： Krati Garg anuj Kumar Vidisha Kizhakkethil Pramod Kumar Shalini Singh Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology(IIT)DelhiDelhi 110016India Division of Molecular Biology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research(ICMR-NICPR)Indian Council of Medical ResearchNoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India Department of Biotechnology Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)VelloreTamil Nadu 632024India ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention&Research(ICMR-NICPR) Indian Council of Medical ResearchNoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India

Background:Betel nut/areca nut/Areca catechu is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substance,and is also a major preventable cause of *** other psychoactive substances,such as nicotine,the mechanisms underlying addiction to areca nuts and related oncogenesis remain *** reports suggest a possible overlap in the mechanisms of action of nicotine and areca nuts in the human ***,this study aimed to investigate the interactome of human proteins associated with areca nut exposure and the intricate similarities and differences in the effects of the two psychoactive substances on ***:A list of proteins associated with areca nut use was obtained from the available literature using terms from Medical Subject Headings(MeSH).Protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks and functional enrichment were *** results obtained for both psychoactive substances were ***:Given the limited number of common proteins(36/226,16%)in the two sets,a substantial overlap(612/1176 nodes,52%)was observed in the PPI networks,as well as in Gene *** nuts mainly affect signaling pathways through three hub proteins(alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase,tumor protein 53,and interleukin-6),which are common to both psychoactive substances,as well as two unique hub proteins(epidermal growth factor receptor and master regulator of cell cycle entry and proliferative metabolism).Areca nut-related proteins are associated with unique pathways,such as extracellular matrix organization,lipid storage,and metabolism,which are not found in nicotine-associated ***:Areca nuts affect regulatory mechanisms,leading to systemic toxicity and *** nuts also affect unique pathways that can be studied as potential markers of exposure,as well as targets for anticancer therapeutic agents.

关键词： Cancer Areca nut Nicotine Interactome Cell signaling

高速火焰喷涂VC-CuNiCr涂层的耐腐蚀性能

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第5期31卷 1385-1397页

作者： SINGH Vikrant BANSAL anuj SINGLA Anil Kumar KUMAR Vijay Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal Sangrur 148106India Industrial and Production Engineering Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar 144011India

本研究采用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)沉积技术,将碳化钒(VC)和铜镍铬(CuNiCr)复合涂层应用于SS316不锈钢上,以解决不锈钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀问题。在室温环境下,在3.5%氯化钠溶液中进行电化学腐蚀,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS... 详细信息

本研究采用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)沉积技术,将碳化钒(VC)和铜镍铬(CuNiCr)复合涂层应用于SS316不锈钢上,以解决不锈钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀问题。在室温环境下,在3.5%氯化钠溶液中进行电化学腐蚀,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS)对有涂层和未覆涂层样品的表面形貌进行检测。结果表明,涂层内由铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)和铬(Cr)组成的金属间黏合剂在氯化钠介质的影响下发生变质,从而导致出现衬底间的局部点蚀现象。有趣的是,在涂层配方中加入碳化钒(VC)显著地增强了表面的耐腐蚀性能,从而阻止了密闭腐蚀凹坑的出现。在不同类的涂层中,加入VC的效果最好,最小的腐蚀速率为72.38×10^(-3)mm/a,相比之下,SS316基底的腐蚀速率最快。

关键词：高速火焰喷涂碳化钒铜镍铬电化学腐蚀氯化钠溶液

Smart tailoring of molecular catalysts:Mounting approach to oxygen reduction reaction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 169-184页

作者： anuj Kumar Mohd Ubaidullah Guoxin Zhang Jasvinder Kaur Saira Ajmal Mudassir Hasan Krishna Kumar Yadav Hafiz M.Adeel Sharif Ram K.Gupta Ghulam Yasin Nano-Technology Research Laboratory Department of ChemistryGLA UniversityMathuraUttar Pradesh 281406India Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China Department of Chemistry Kansas Polymer Research CenterPittsburg State UniversityPittsburgKS 66762United States Faculty of Science and Technology Madhyanchal Professional UniversityRatibadBhopal 462044India Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarNasiriyah 64001Iraq Department of Chemical Engineering King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry School of SciencesIFTM UniversityMoradabadUttar Pradesh 244102India Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China School of Environment and Civil Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguanGuangdong 523808China

Efficient electrocatalytic rupture of energy-rich molecules(H_(2)and O_(2))is a green approach for gener-ating clean energy for modern *** this context,porphyry-type molecular electrocatalysts act intelligently toward oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),a fundamental process in fuel cells,due to their redox-rich chemistry,which involves core metal ions and macrocyclic *** concerned scientific community has tried many times to correlate the ORR intermediates with their formation kinetics and simplify the associated multi H+/e-stages during the ORR process,constructing several volcano plots be-tween catalytic Tafel data,turnover frequencies,and overpotentials for many *** the fact that many review articles on molecular electrocatalysts for ORR have been published,understanding the strategic implications and molecular catalyst intelligence towards homogenous ORR has been poorly *** review examined the relationships between volcano plots of current *** parameters and the Sabatier principle in order to explain the intelligence of molecular electrocatalysts and approaches for their creation,as well as the difficulties and potential prospects of molecular *** facts distinguish this review from previously published articles and will pique the scien-tific community’s interest in avoiding trial-and-error procedures for catalyst creation while also allowing for more exact evaluations of the molecular catalyst’s performance.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Molecular catalysts Oxygen reduction reaction Sabatier principle

A Case Report: Emergency Management of a Pregnant Trauma Patient—An Anesthesiologist’s Perspective and Role

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第2期14卷 25-39页

作者： Kalpana Tyagaraj Candice Ibarra Kimberly Moy Nina Luksanapol Gianna Torre Raymond Powers anuj Bapodra Maimonides Medical Center New York USA

Trauma is the leading cause of death for all women of childbearing age. Motor vehicle accidents account for almost two-thirds of all maternal non-obstetric, trauma-related deaths, while falls and domestic violence comprise a large percentage of the rest. The leading causes of obstetric trauma are motor vehicle accidents, falls, assaults, and gunshots, and ensuing injuries are classified as blunt abdominal trauma, pelvic fractures, or penetrating trauma . The causes are different with different life styles and different socio-economic and cultural background. Pregnant trauma victims tend to be younger, less severely injured, and more likely African American or of Hispanic descent compared with nonpregnant victims of trauma. Drugs and alcohol are a factor in about 20 percent of maternal trauma. With pregnancy comes the challenge and responsibility of caring for two patients at once, the mother and the fetus. In general, providing optimal maternal care is the best strategy to optimize fetal survival. Decision-making including the condition of the mother, gestational age, status of the fetus, and interventions are based on these key factors. Many providers are involved in the care of the pregnant patient: at the trauma scene, in the emergency department, and in the operating room. The anesthesiologist plays a key role in the care and management of the pregnant trauma patient. All anesthesiologists have ample training in obstetric anesthesia during their residency and frequently cover obstetric units in hospitals where pregnant patients are cared for. On the other hand, most nonobstetric physicians have little obstetric exposure and may be uncomfortable caring for the pregnant patient because of unfamiliarity with the physiologic changes of pregnancy or the evaluation of fetal well-being. This is not only a source of stress for other trauma providers, but can put maternal well-being at risk. Non-obstetric physicians may hesitate to order necessary diagnostic and therapeu

关键词： Obstetric Anesthesiology Ob Trauma Maternal and Fetal Resuscitation

Development of bimetallic spinel catalysts for low-temperature decomposition of ammonium dinitramide monopropellants

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 47-54页

作者： C.Shamjitha anuj A.Vargeese Laboratory for Energetic and Energy Materials Research(LEEMR) Department of ChemistryNational Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikode 673601India

Ammonium dinitramide(ADN)based liquid monopropellants have been identified as environmentally benign substitutes for hydrazine ***,new catalysts are to be developed for making ADN monopropellants cold-start *** the present study,performance of Co and Ba doped CuCr_2O_4 nanocatalysts prepared by hydrothermal method was evaluated on the decomposition of aqueous ADN solution and ADN liquid monopropellant(LMP103X).The catalysts were characterized by PXRD(Powder X-ray Diffraction),FTIR(Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy),SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy),TEM(Transmission Electron Microscopy),EDS(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy),and XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy).The nanosize was confirmed by SEM and TEM,while the nanoflake morphology was confirmed by the SEM ***,we obtained the elemental composition from the EDS *** investigated the catalytic activity of the catalysts by thermogravimetric(TG)analysis and the developed catalysts lowered the decomposition temperature of ADN monopropellant by about 55℃.The XPS analysis confirmed the presence of metal ions with different chemical ***,increase in the surface area of the catalysts and the mixed active sites as well as the development of oxygen vacancy on the catalyst surface introduced by metal doping are influencing the decomposition temperature of ADN samples.

关键词： ADN monopropellant Mixed metal oxides Doped spinels Catalytic decomposition

Soft-sediment deformation structures in the Mesoproterozoic Kaimur Sandstone,Vindhyan Supergroup(Central India),and their seismotectonic implications

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第3期12卷 463-486页

作者： Jayanta Kumar Pati anuj Kumar Singh Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj211002India National Centre of Experimental Mineralogy and Petrology 14 Chatham LinesUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj211002India

The unequivocal identification of soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS)is a significant attribute to constrain the effect of transient geological events in the spatio-temporal evolution of ancient sedimentary *** paper reports and discusses,for the first time,the occurrence of several cm-to dm-scale SSDS within sandstone successions of the Mesoproterozoic Kaimur Group(Vindhyan Supergroup),exposed at the Hanumandhara Hill of Chitrakoot-Satna border region,Madhya Pradesh State,*** SSDS are confined to a deformed interval comprising seven individual sedimentary units of variable composition and texture,which are sandwiched between nearly horizontally undeformed sandstone *** SSDS consist of load structures(load casts,flame structures,pseudonodules and ball-and-pillow structures),contorted lamination,convolute lamination,boudins and pinch-and-swell structures,deformed cross-stratification,slump structures,clastic injections,fluid escape structures,and syn-sedimentary fractures/*** pre-sent study suggests that the formation of these SSDS is essentially related to a combination of processes(gravitational instability,liquefaction,fluidization,and fluid escape)predominantly induced by seismic *** addition,the restricted occurrence of fractures/faults in these deformed layers emphasizes the passage of seismically-induced Rayleigh *** the observed types of SSDS,their lateral homo-geneity and geographic distribution along with the geodynamic framework of the Vindhyan Basin,the whole area can be tentatively attributed to having experienced moderate-to high-magnitude(M≥5)*** present study combined with earlier reports of seismically-induced SSDS,from other regionally disposed formations belonging to the Lower(e.g.,Kajrahat Limestone,Chopan Porcellanite,Koldaha Shale,Rohtas Limestone,and Glauconitic Sandstone of the Semri Group)and Upper(e.g.,Bhander Limestone of the Bhander Group)Vindhyan Supergroup,respectively,provi

关键词： Soft-sediment deformation structures SSDS Seismites Kaimur Group Vindhyan Basin Sand-stone Central India

Melanoma Detection Based on Hybridization of Extended Feature Space

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 2175-2198页

作者： anuj Kumar Shakti Kumar DCSA Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India

Melanoma is a perfidious form of skin *** study offers a hybrid framework for the automatic classification of *** Auto-matic Melanoma Detection System(AMDS)is used for identifying melanoma from the infected area of the skin image using image processing techniques.A larger number of pre-existing automatic melanoma detection systems are either commercial or their accuracy can be further *** research problem is to identify the best preprocessing technique,feature extractor,and classifier for melanoma detection using publically available MED-NODE data *** goes through four *** preprocessing stage is for noise removal;the segmentation stage is for extracting lesions from infected skin images;the feature extraction stage is for determining the features like asymmetry,border,and color,and the classification stage is to classify the lesion as benign or *** infected input image for the AMDS may contain impurities such as noise,illumination,artifacts,and *** the proposed methodology an algorithm LePrePro is proposed for the prepro-cessing stage for denoising and brightness cum contrast normalization and another algorithm LeFET is proposed for extending the feature vector space in the feature extraction stage using a hybrid *** the study,a novel approach has been proposed in which different classifiers,feature extractions,and data preprocessing steps of the AMDS are *** a conclusion,this comparison revealed that on experimentation using Med-Node and ISIC 2017 Dataset,the best results included Gaussian blur as the best data preprocessing step,Extended feature vector which is the combination of Hue Saturation Value(HSV),and Local Binary Pattern(LBP)was the best feature extraction method,and the ensemble bagged tree was the best classification technique on the Med-Node data sets with 99%Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve(AUC),93.52%accuracy,90.82%sensitivity,and 98.36%specificity in the proposed

关键词： Machine learning melanoma detection feature extraction benign classification image processing