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Using Statistical Downscaling to Quantify the GCM-related Uncertainty in regional Climate Change Scenarios: A Case Study of Swedish Precipitation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 54-60页

作者： Deliang CHEN Christine ACHBErGEr Jouni r.is■nen Cecilia HELLSTrM Earth Sciences Centre Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden Laboratory for Climate Studies/National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina Earth Sciences Centre Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of HelsinkiFinland

There are a number of sources of uncertainty in regional climate change scenarios. When statistical downscaling is used to obtain regional climate change scenarios, the uncertainty may originate from the uncertainties in the global climate models used, the skill of the statistical model, and the forcing scenarios applied to the global climate model. The uncertainty associated with global climate models can be evaluated by examining the differences in the predictors and in the downscaled climate change scenarios based on a set of different global climate models. When standardized global climate model simulations such as the second phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIP2） are used, the difference in the downscaled variables mainly reflects differences in the climate models and the natural variability in the simulated climates. It is proposed that the spread of the estimates can be taken as a measure of the uncertainty associated with global climate models. The proposed method is applied to the estimation of global-climate-model-related uncertainty in regional precipitation change scenarios in Sweden. results from statistical downscaling based on 17 global climate models show that there is an overall increase in annual precipitation all over Sweden although a considerable spread of the changes in the precipitation exists. The general increase can be attributed to the increased large-scale precipitation and the enhanced westerly wind. The estimated uncertainty is nearly independent of region. However, there is a seasonal dependence. The estimates for winter show the highest level of confidence, while the estimates for summer show the least.

关键词： Statistical downscaling global climate model climate change scenario uncertainty

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Machine Learning Techniques in Predicting Hot Deformation Behavior of Metallic Materials

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 713-732页

作者： Petr Opela Josef Walek Jaromír Kopecek Department of Metallurgical Technologies Faculty of Materials Science and TechnologyVSB–Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic FZU—Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague18200Czech Republic

In engineering practice,it is often necessary to determine functional relationships between dependent and independent *** relationships can be highly nonlinear,and classical regression approaches cannot always provide sufficiently reliable ***,Machine Learning(ML)techniques,which offer advanced regression tools to address complicated engineering issues,have been developed and widely *** study investigates the selected ML techniques to evaluate their suitability for application in the hot deformation behavior of metallic *** ML-based regression methods of Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree regression(DTr),and Gaussian Process regression(GPr)are applied to mathematically describe hot flow stress curve datasets acquired experimentally for a medium-carbon *** the GPr method has not been used for such a regression task before,the results showed that its performance is the most favorable and practically unrivaled;neither the ANN method nor the other studied ML techniques provide such precise results of the solved regression analysis.

关键词： Machine learning Gaussian process regression artificial neural networks support vector machine hot deformation behavior

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CFD simulations of gas-solid flow in an industrial-scale circulating fluidized bed furnace using subgrid-scale drag models

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 66-75页

作者： Srujal Shah Kari My?h?nen Sirpa Kallio Timo Hypp?nen Department of Energy Technology Lappeenranta University of Technology VTT Technical research Centre of Finland

Mesoscale flow structures such as clusters and streamers of particles are characteristic features of gas-solid flow in fluidized beds. Numerical simulations of gas-solid flows for industrial-scale fluidized beds are often performed using the Eulerian description of phases. An accurate prediction of this type of flow structure using the Eulerian modeling approach requires a sufficiently fine mesh resolution. Because of the long computational time required when using fine meshes, simulations of industrial-sized units are usually conducted using coarse meshes, which cannot resolve the mesoscale flow structures. This leads to an overestimation of the gas-solid drag force and a false prediction of the flow field. For these cases, a cor- rection must be formulated for the gas-solid drag. We have simulated a large-scale circulating fluidized bed furnace using different gas-solid drag models and compared the model results with measurements.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics Two-fluid model Drag correlation Modeling

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Key aspects on the behaviour of the ballast and substructure of a modern railway track:research-based practical observations in Finland

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第11期13卷 825-835页

作者： antti NUrMIKOLU Department of Civil Engineering Tampere University of TechnologyTampereFinland

This paper presents an overview on the wide-ranging track structure studies at the Tampere University of Technology(TUT),Finland dealing with the key aspects of track geotechnics related to high-speed passenger traffic on ballasted *** attention is paid to ballast and sub-ballast,while also considering frost action,embankment stability,track stiffness,track geometry and transition *** a result,this paper states that understanding the ballast degradation mechanism and its consequences and assessment of its condition occupy an important role in the construction and maintenance of a smooth high-speed rail *** choices related to building the sub-ballast also have a dramatic impact on later track deformations and maintenance *** cold climate,especially where seasonal frost occurs,understanding and taking into account the frost action mechanism is *** in the maintenance and rehabilitation planning of existing tracks,high-class analyses of ground penetrating radar data and its integrated analysis with other data can yield considerable benefits.

关键词： railway Track Ballast Sub-ballast Substructure Subsoil Frost action Life cycle Ground penetrating radar

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DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS AND CONTrOL OF MINErAL GrINDING SYSTEMS

DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS AND CONTROL OF MINERAL GRINDING SYSTEM...

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The First International Conference on Measurement and Control of Granular Materials

作者： antti Niemi Ville rsnen raimo Ylinen Helsinki University of Technology Control Engineering Laboratory Otakaari 5 A SF-02150 EspooFinland

Dynamic model of the rotary grinding mill is described as a superposition of the kinetic grinding process and the flow pattern ex- pressed by the residence *** model of a system with a closed grinding loop is compiled as a combination of models of its com- *** of the system are simulated,after the model has been reduced to correspond to a binary grain size distribution,while the full m-dimensional distribution has been used in steady state simula- *** with results of plant scale tests shows the models ap- plicable to development of automatic *** of the steady state grinding model in the optimization of an ore concentration plant is considered and the inclusion of the power draw of grinding in the criterion is introduced.

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recent progress of CErN 39-cryogenic tracking detectors collaboration

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第B01期16卷 137-140页

作者： J.Hrknen Helsinki Institute of Physics CERN /EPCH-1211 GenevaSwitzerland

Significant progress was made by the CErN rD39 collaboration in the development of super radiation-hard cryogenic silicon detectors for applications in experiments at LHC, in particular after its future luminosity upgrade. The detailed modeling shows that the electric field in irradiated silicon detectors can easily be manipulated by the filling state of two deep defect levels at cryogenic temperature. Advanced radiation hard detectors using charge or current injection and the current injected detectors(CID) were developed by rD39. The results show that CID detectors can be operated at the temperature of 100?200 K with much improved charge collection efficiency(CCE) as compared with rT operation. Future studies are developing ultra-hard cryogenic silicon detectors for the LHC upgrade, where the radiation hardness is required up to 1016 neq/cm2, at which trapping will limit the charge collection depth to the range of 20 to 50 μm regardless of the depletion depth. The key of our approach is to use freeze-out trapping to affect CCE.

关键词：欧洲原子能研究机构 CErN39协作组低温跟踪俘获粒子探测器研究进展

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Emerging potential of progranulin-dependent SorCS2 signaling in healthy and diseased nervous systems

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2591-2593页

作者： Alena Salasova Anders Nykjær Danish research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDrITE-Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine and Centre of Excellence PROMEMODepartment of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

The formation of the mammalian nervous system and its maturation into sensory,motor,cognitive,and behavioral circuits is a complex process that begins during early embryogenesis and lasts until young *** neurodevelopm... 详细信息

关键词： progr jointly CS2

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Challenges and opportunities in the production of magnesium parts by directed energy deposition processes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1663-1686页

作者： Gürel Cam Ali Günen Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey Iskenderun Technical University Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesDepartment of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering31200 Iskenderun-HatayTurkey

Mg-alloys have gained considerable attention in recent years for their outstanding properties such as lightweight,high specific strength,and corrosion resistance,making them attractive for applications in medical,aerospace,automotive,and other transport ***,their widespread application is hindered by their low formability at room temperature due to limited slip *** Mg-alloys have low mechanical properties due to the presence of casting defects such as porosity and anisotropy in addition to the high *** casting methods benefit from established process optimization techniques for these problems,additive manufacturing methods are increasingly replacing casting methods in Mg alloys as they provide more precise control over the microstructure and allow specific grain orientations,potentially enabling easier optimization of anisotropy properties in certain *** metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology also results in some manufacturing defects such as inhomogeneous microstructural evolution and porosity and additively manufactured Mg alloy parts exhibit lower properties than the wrought parts,they in general exhibit superior properties than the cast ***,MAM is a promising technique to produce Mg alloy *** energy deposition processes,particularly wire arc directed energy deposition(WA-DED),have emerged as an advantageous additive manufacturing(AM)technique for metallic materials including magnesium alloys,offering advantages such as high deposition rates,improved material efficiency,and reduced production costs compared to subtractive ***,the inherent challenges associated with magnesium,such as its high reactivity and susceptibility to oxidation,pose unique hurdles in the application of this *** review paper delves into the progress made in the application of DED technology to Mg-alloys,its challenges,and ***,the predominant imperfections,notably inhomo

关键词： Additive manufacturing DED processes Arc-DED Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) 3-D printing High deposition rate

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The role of GI-supported methods in crisis management

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第4期3卷 340-354页

作者： Hannes Seppänen Kirsi Virrantaus Department of Surveying Aalto University School of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 11200Aalto 00076Finland

Crisis and disaster management has become an important research field in GIS during recent *** assessment and situation picture-related work are particularly important areas of *** are distinct phases in different crises;these can be roughly divided into mitigation,preparedness,response,and *** this paper a general classification of methods in each phase is given with examples on recent or ongoing research *** framework is based on literature and experiences from crisis and disaster-related *** case studies are based on those *** goal is to clarify the role and usability of various GI-supported methods in the crisis management process by outlining a theoretical framework and presenting examples of the developed *** increasing amount of spatially related geographic information is a huge potential to the GI analysis and modeling methods;the concept of digital earth is the underlying mainstream that gives lots of promise to the research and development work in this field.

关键词： geo-spatial science geoinformatics GIS digital earth crisis management

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Study of methods for endpoint aware inspection in a next generation firewall

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Cybersecurity 2022年第4期5卷 56-70页

作者： Jenny Heino antti Hakkala Seppo Virtanen Department of Computing University of TurkuTurkuFinland Forcepoint LLC HelsinkiFinland

Given the global increase in remote work with the COVID-19 pandemic and deperimeterization due to cloud deployment of next generation frewalls,the concept of a next generation firewall is at a breaking *** is becoming more dificult to define the barrier between the good and the *** provide the best security for an endpoint with minimal false positives or false negatives it is often necessary to identify the communicating endpoint application.n this study,we present an analysis of key research and methods for providing endpoint aware protection in the context of a next generation frewall We examine both academic research as well as state-of-the-art of the existing next generation firewall *** divide endpoint application identification into passive and active *** passive endpoint application identification,we study several traffc fingerprinting methods for different *** active methods we consider active scanning,endpoint metadata analysis and content injection and reference existing *** conclude that there are several open areas for future research,and that none of the considered methods is a silver bullet solution for endpoint aware inspection in the context of a next generation *** our best knowledge,this is the first study to examine current research and existing implementations of endpoint aware inspection.

关键词： Network traffc Endpoint identification NGFW Endpoint aware inspection

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