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Relief of jaundice in malignant biliary obstruction:When should we consider endoscopic ultrasonography-guided hepaticogastrostomy as an option?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第3期21卷 234-240页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Marco Spadaccini Edoardo Vespa Roberto Gabbiadini antonio capogreco Alessandro Repici Andrea Anderloni Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSMilanItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityMilanItaly

Background:Since it was first described in 2001,endoscopic ultrasonography-guided biliary drainage(EUS-BD)has emerged as an alternative procedure for achieving an endoscopic internal drainage in case of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)*** drainage can be achieved by either a transduodenal extrahepatic approach through EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy(EUS-CDS),or a transgastric intrahepatic approach,namely EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy(EUS-HGS)which already holds a remarkable place in the treatment of patients with malignant biliary *** sources:For this review we did a comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE from inception to May 31,2021 for papers with a significant sample size(at least 20 patients enrolled)dealing with *** on technical success,clinical success and rate of adverse events were ***:A total of 22 studies with different design,com prising 874 patients,were *** success was achieved in about 96% of cases(ranging from 65% to 100%).Clinical success was obtained in almost 91% of cases(ranging from 76% to 100%).Overall rate of adverse events was 19%(ranging from 0% to 35%).Abdominal pain,self-limiting pneumoperitoneum,bile leak,cholangitis,bleeding,perforation and intraperitoneal migration of the stent were the most ***:Despite both safety and efficacy profile,at the moment HGS still remains a challenging procedure at every single step and must therefore be conducted by a very experienced endoscopist in interventional EUS and ERCP procedures,who is able to deal with the possible severe adverse events of this procedure.A rapid introduction in clinical practice of dedicated devices is desiderable.

关键词： EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy EUS-guided biliary drainage Hepaticogastrostomy Interventional EUS

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Artificial intelligence technologies for the detection of colorectal lesions: The future is now

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第37期26卷 5606-5616页

作者： Simona Attardo Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandrasekar Marco Spadaccini Roberta Maselli Harsh K Patel Madhav Desai antonio capogreco Matteo Badalamenti Piera Alessia Galtieri Gaia Pellegatta Alessandro Fugazza Silvia Carrara Andrea Anderloni Pietro Occhipinti Cesare Hassan Prateek Sharma Alessandro Repici Department of Endoscopy and Digestive Disease AOU Maggiore della CaritàNovara 28100Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kansas City VA Medical CenterKansas CityMO 66045United States Department of Endoscopy Humanitas Research HospitalRozzano 20089Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityRozzano 20089Italy Department of Internal Medicine Ochsner Clinic FoundationNew OrleansLA 70124United States Endoscopy Unit Nuovo Regina Margherita HospitalRoma 00153Italy

Several studies have shown a significant adenoma miss rate up to 35%during screening colonoscopy,especially in patients with diminutive *** use of artificial intelligence(AI)in colonoscopy has been gaining popularity by helping endoscopists in polyp detection,with the aim to increase their adenoma detection rate(ADR)and polyp detection rate(PDR)in order to reduce the incidence of interval *** efficacy of deep convolutional neural network(DCNN)-based AI system for polyp detection has been trained and tested in ex vivo settings such as colonoscopy still images or *** trials have evaluated the real-time efficacy of DCNN-based systems showing promising results in term of improved ADR and *** this review we reported data from the preliminary ex vivo experiences and summarized the results of the initial randomized controlled trials.

关键词： Endoscopy Colonoscopy Screening Surveillance Technology Quality Artificial intelligence

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Endoscopic management of benign biliary strictures:Looking for the best stent to place

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第31期11卷 7521-7529页

作者： Matteo Colombo Edoardo Forcignanò Leonardo Da Rio Marco Spadaccini Marta Andreozzi Carmelo Marco Giacchetto Silvia Carrara Roberta Maselli Piera Alessia Galtieri Gaia Pellegatta antonio capogreco Davide Massimi Kareem Khalaf Cesare Hassan Andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Alessandro Fugazza Digestive Endoscopy Unit Division of GastroenterologyHumanitas Research HospitalRozzano 20089MilanItaly Department of Surgical Sciences University of TurinTorino 10124PiemonteItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve Emanuele 20089MilanItaly Division of Gastroenterology St.Michael’s HospitalUniversity of TorontoToronto M5B1T8OntarioCanada Endoscopy Unit First Department of Internal MedicineFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy

Benign biliary strictures(BBS)might occur due to different pancreaticobiliary *** etiology and location of biliary strictures are responsible of a wide array of clinical *** endoscopic approach endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography represents the first-line treatment for BBS,considering interventional radiology and surgery when endoscopic treatment fails or it is not *** purpose of this review is to provide an overview of possible endoscopic treatments for the optimal management of this subset of patients.

关键词： Benign biliary strictures Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic management Biliary stent

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Endoscopic resection of non-ampullary duodenal adenomas: Is cold snaring the promised land?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023年第4期15卷 248-258页

作者： Ludovico Alfarone Marco Spadaccini Gianluca Franchellucci Kareem Khalaf Davide Massimi Alessandro De Marco Silvia Ferretti Valeria Poletti antonio Facciorusso Roberta Maselli Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo antonio capogreco Silvia Carrara Cesare Hassan Alessandro Repici Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityRozzano 20089Italy Department of Gastroenterology Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive EndoscopyHumanitas Research HospitalIRCCSRozzano 20089MilanItaly Division of Gastroenterology St.Michael's HospitalUniversity of TorontoToronto M5B 1W8Canada Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggia 71100Italy

Due to the high risk of morbidity and mortality associated with surgical resection in this tract,endoscopic resection(ER)has taken the place of surgical resection as the first line treatment for non-ampullary duodenal ***,due to the anatomical characteristics of this area,which enhance the risk of post-ER problems,ER in the duodenum is particularly *** to a lack of data,no ER technique for superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumours(SNADETs)has yet been backed by strong,high-quality evidence;yet,traditional hot snare-based techniques are still regarded as the standard *** having a favourable efficiency profile,adverse events during duodenal hot snare polypectomy(HSP)and hot endoscopic mucosal resection,such as delayed bleeding and perforation,have been reported to be *** events are primarily caused by electrocautery-induced ***,ER techniques with a better safety profile are needed to overcome these *** snare polypectomy,which has already been shown as a safer,equally effective pro-cedure compared to HSP for treatment of small colorectal polyps,is being increasingly evaluated as a potential therapeutic option for non-ampullary duodenal *** aim of this review is to report and discuss the early outcomes of the first experiences with cold snaring for SNADETs.

关键词： Non-ampullary duodenal adenomas Endoscopic resection Cold snare polypectomy Hot snare polypectomy Safety Efficacy

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Cost-effective synthesis of giant molecule acceptors(GMAs)for stable polymer solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1041-1043页

作者： antonio Facchetti Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center Northwestern University2145 Sheridan Road60208 EvanstonIllinoisUSA School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology771 Ferst Drive30332 AtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Polymer solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as a disruptive energy technology due to simple device architecture,earthabundant elemental composition,lightweight nature,and inherent mechanical flexibility[1,2].Via a strategic acceptordonor-acceptor(A-D-A)design of small-molecule acceptors(SMAs),device power conversion efficiency(PCE)has now increased>19%.

关键词： acceptor synthesis donor

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Integrating Levels of Hierarchical Organization in Porous Organic Molecular Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 134-153页

作者： Jesus Ferrando‑Soria antonio Fernandez Instituto de Ciencia Molecular(ICMol) Universidad de Valencia46980 ValenciaSpain School of Science Loughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK

Porous organic molecular materials(POMMs)are an emergent class of molecular-based materials characterized by the formation of extended porous frameworks,mainly held by non-covalent *** represent a variety of chemical families,such as hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks,porous organic salts,porous organic cages,C-H···πmicroporous crystals,supramolecular organic frameworks,π-organic frameworks,halogen-bonded organic framework,and intrinsically porous molecular *** some porous materials such as zeolites and metal organic frameworks,the integration of multiscale has been adopted to build materials with multifunctionality and optimized ***,considering the significant role of hierarchy in porous materials and the growing importance of POMMs in the realm of synthetic porous materials,we consider it appropriate to dedicate for the first time a critical review covering both ***,we will provide a summary of literature examples showcasing hierarchical POMMs,with a focus on their main synthetic approaches,applications,and the advantages brought forth by introducing hierarchy.

关键词： Porous organic molecular materials Hierarchy Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks Porous cages Fullerene

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Litter production and leaf nutrient concentration and remobilization in response to climate seasonality in the central Amazon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 131-141页

作者： Ricardo antonio Marenco Saul Alfredo Antezana-Vera Daniela Pereira Dias Luiz antonio Candido Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia Coordenagao de Uso da Terra e Mudanca ClimaticaAv.Andre Araujo 2936ManausAM69067-375Brazil Programa de pos-Graduagao em Agricultura no Tropico Umido Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia-INPAManausAMBrazil Unidade Academica de Ciencias Agrarias Universidade Federal de JataiBR 364km 195JataiGO 75801-615Brazil

Litterfall is the largest source of nutrients to for-est soils of tropical ***,variability in lit-terfall production,nutrient remobilization,and changes in leaf nutrient concentration with climate seasonality remain largely unknown for the central *** study meas-ured litterfall production,leaf nutrient remobilization,and leaf area index on a forest plateau in the central *** was measured at monthly intervals during 2014,while nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and mag-nesium concentrations of leaf litter and canopy leaves were measured in the dry and rainy seasons,and remobilization rates *** area index was also recorded in the dry and rainy *** litterfall varied from 33.2(in the rainy season)to 87.6 g m^(-2) in the dry season,while leaf area index increased slightly in the rainy *** seasonality had no effect on concentrations of nitrogen,calcium,and magnesium,whereas phosphorous and potassium responded to rainfall seasonality *** phosphorous increased,potassium decreased during the dry *** seasons,nitrogen,potassium,and phosphorous decreased in leaf litter;calcium increased in leaf litter,while magnesium remained unaffected with leaf ***,the five nutrients had similar remobilization rates over the *** absence of climate seasonality on nutrient remobilization suggests that the current length of the dry season does not alter nutrient remobilization rates but this may change as dry periods become more prolonged in the future due to climate change.

关键词： Throughfall Nutrient cycling Climatic seasonality Leaf mass per area

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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and jejunostomy:Indications and techniques

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第5期14卷 250-266页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza antonio capogreco Annalisa Cappello Rosangela Nicoletti Leonardo Da Rio Piera Alessia Galtieri Roberta Maselli Silvia Carrara Gaia Pellegatta Marco Spadaccini Edoardo Vespa Matteo Colombo Kareem Khalaf Alessandro Repici Andrea Anderloni Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department of GastroenterologyHumanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanItaly Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore HospitalBologna 40121Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve Emanuele 20072MilanItaly

Nutritional support is essential in patients who have a limited capability to maintain their body ***,oral feeding is the main approach for such *** physiological nutrition is not possible,positioning of a nasogastric,nasojejunal tube,or other percutaneous devices may be feasible *** a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)is a suitable option to be evaluated for patients that need nutritional support for more than 4 *** diseases require nutritional support by PEG,with neurological,oncological,and catabolic diseases being the most *** can be performed endoscopically by various techniques,radiologically or surgically,with different outcomes and related adverse events(AEs).Moreover,some patients that need a PEG placement are fragile and are unable to express their will or sign a written informed *** conditions highlight many ethical problems that become difficult to manage as treatment *** aim of this manuscript is to review all current endoscopic techniques for percutaneous access,their indications,postprocedural follow-up,and AEs.

关键词： Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Enteral nutrition Gastrostomy Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy Indications and techniques

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SARS-CoV-2 immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 101-102页

作者： antonio Bertoleti Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore

Four years have swiftly passed since the identification of a novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia that signs the start of the COVID-19 pandemic[1].The world's social and economic landscape has largely reverted to its prepandemic state,and different issues unrelated to the pandemic are currently impacting various regions *** scientific community,which quickly modified its research focus during the initial years of the pandemic to generate a wealth of scientific data that helped in understanding and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection,is also facing a new phase in the study of virus-host interactions.

关键词： immunity globally landscape

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Influence of manufacturing process-induced geometrical defects on the energy absorption capacity of polymer lattice structures

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 47-59页

作者： Alexandre Riot Enrico Panettieri antonio Cosculluela Marco Montemurro Universite de Bordeaux Arts et Metiers Institute of TechnologyCNRSINRABordeaux INPHESAM UniversiteI2M UMR 5295F-33405 TalenceFrance French Atomic Energy Commission Route des GargailsCedexF-33114Le BarpFrance

Modern additive manufacturing processes enable fabricating architected cellular materials of complex shape,which can be used for different *** them,lattice structures are increasingly used in applications requiring a compromise among lightness and suited mechanical properties,like improved energy absorption capacity and specific stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios.A dedicated modeling strategy to assess the energy absorption capacity of lattice structures under uni-axial compression loading is presented in this *** numerical model is developed in a non-linear framework accounting for the strain rate effect on the mechanical responses of the lattice *** geometries,i.e.,cubic body centered cell,octet cell,rhombic-dodecahedron and truncated cuboctahedron 2+,are ***,the influence of the relative density of the representative volume element of each geometry,the strain-rate dependency of the bulk material and of the presence of the manufacturing process-induced geometrical imperfections on the energy absorption capacity of the lattice structure is *** main outcome of this study points out the importance of correctly integrating geometrical imperfections into the modeling strategy when shock absorption applications are aimed for.

关键词： Lattice structures Architected cellular materials Dynamic simulation Energy absorption Geometrical imperfection Additive manufacturing

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