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Within-brood body size and immunological differences in Blue Tit(Cyanistes caeruleus)nestlings relative to ectoparasitism

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 362-368页

作者： Jorge Garrido-Bautista antonio soria Cristina E.Trenzado Amalia Pérez-Jiménez Eliana Pintus José Luis Ros-Santaella Nicola Bernardo Mar Comas Stanislav Kolencík Gregorio Moreno-Rueda Departamento de Zoología Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain Departamento de Biología Celular Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýck a 12916500Prague 6SuchdolCzech Republic Estaci on Biol ogica de Do~nana EBD-CSICAv.Am erico Vespucio 2641092SevilleSpain Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth CollegeNH03755HanoverUSA Department of Biology University of NevadaNV89557RenoUSA

Several ectoparasites parasitise nestlings decreasing their body condition,growth and *** minimise any loss of fitness due to ectoparasites,birds have developed a wide variety of defence mechanisms,potentially including hatching *** to the Tasty Chick Hypothesis(TCH),the cost of parasitism would be reduced if ectoparasites tend to eat on less immunocompetent nestlings,typically the last-hatched chick in asynchronously hatched broods,as they are in poor body *** predictions of the TCH are that immune capacity is lower in smaller nestlings than in larger ones and that parasites should provoke a more negative effect on smaller ***,we test these predictions in a population of Blue Tits(Cyanistes caeruleus)whose broods are parasitised by Hen Fleas(Ceratophyllus gallinae)and Blowflies(Protocalliphora azurea).We recorded the presence of both ectoparasites and analysed the immunocompetence(number of leucocytes per 10,000 erythrocytes and cutaneous immune response to phytohaemagglutinin)and body condition of smaller and larger nestlings within individual *** leucocyte count was higher in smaller nestlings than in larger ones,whereas the cutaneous immune response did not differ between smaller and larger *** nestlings,but not larger nestlings,had lower body mass when fleas were ***,by contrast,had no detectable negative effect on ***,our findings provide partial support to the *** immune capacity in smaller nestlings than in larger ones was not supported,but Hen Fleas seemed to negatively impact on smaller nestlings more than on larger ones.

关键词： Blowflies Blue tit Cyanistes caeruelus Ectoparasites Hen fleas Immunocompetence Tasty Chick Hypothesis

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Integrating Levels of Hierarchical Organization in Porous Organic Molecular Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 134-153页

作者： Jesus Ferrando‑soria antonio Fernandez Instituto de Ciencia Molecular(ICMol) Universidad de Valencia46980 ValenciaSpain School of Science Loughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK

Porous organic molecular materials(POMMs)are an emergent class of molecular-based materials characterized by the formation of extended porous frameworks,mainly held by non-covalent *** represent a variety of chemical families,such as hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks,porous organic salts,porous organic cages,C-H···πmicroporous crystals,supramolecular organic frameworks,π-organic frameworks,halogen-bonded organic framework,and intrinsically porous molecular *** some porous materials such as zeolites and metal organic frameworks,the integration of multiscale has been adopted to build materials with multifunctionality and optimized ***,considering the significant role of hierarchy in porous materials and the growing importance of POMMs in the realm of synthetic porous materials,we consider it appropriate to dedicate for the first time a critical review covering both ***,we will provide a summary of literature examples showcasing hierarchical POMMs,with a focus on their main synthetic approaches,applications,and the advantages brought forth by introducing hierarchy.

关键词： Porous organic molecular materials Hierarchy Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks Porous cages Fullerene

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Probing the nature of the contact between fine particles by using ultrasound propagation

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Particuology 2011年第6期9卷 659-662页

作者： antonio Castellanos Xiaoping Jia Carlos soria-Hoyo Jose Manuel Valverde Faculty of Physics University of Seville Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n 41012 Seville Spain LPMDI Universite de Marne-la-Vallee CNRS UMR 8108 Champs sur Marne France

The propagation velocity （Vs） of an ultrasonic signal through a granular material depends on the type of interparticle contact. For noncohesive glass beads, a power law behavior Vs α σc1/6 for consolidation stresses applied （σc） above 1 MPa has been measured in previous work. This equation is compatible with Hertz＇s interaction law between elastic solids. In the present work, we have tested the propagation velocity of ultrasound signals through a sample of fine powder. The tensile strength and compactivity of the powder were previously measured by means of the Seville powder tester （SPT）, indicating plastic deformation of the surface asperities in contact for small to moderate consolidation stresses. However, the measurements of ultrasound propagation at high consolidations presented here are compatible with Hertz＇s law. This finding suggests that for high consolidation stresses, surface asperities are flattened, and it is therefore the elastic deformation of the bulk of the particles that determines the transmission of ultrasonic pulses.

关键词： JFine cohesive powder Ultrasound propagation Interparticle contact

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Neuroprotective effect of immunomodulatory peptides in rats with traumatic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1273-1280页

作者： Dulce Parra-Villamar Liliana Blancas-Espinoza Elisa Garcia-Vences Juan Herrera-García Adrian Flores-Romero Alberto Toscano-Zapien Jonathan Vilchis Villa Rodríguez Barrera-Roxana soria Zavala Karla antonio Ibarra Raúl Silva-García Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología Hospital de PediatríaCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI/Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social/Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud(CICSA) Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Anáhuac MéxicoCampus NorteHuixquilucanEdo de MéxicoMéxico Centro de Investigación del Proyecto Camina A.C Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico

Several therapies have shown obvious effects on structural conservation contributing to motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury(SCI).Nevertheless, neither strategy has achieved a convincing *** purposed a combined therapy of immunomodulatory peptides that individually have shown significant effects on motor functional recovery in rats with *** objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined therapy of monocyte locomotion inhibitor factor(MLIF), A91 peptide, and glutathione monoethyl ester(GSH-MEE) on chronic-stage spinal cord *** Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a laminectomy of the T9 vertebra and a moderate *** groups were included: sham, PBS, MLIF + A91, MLIF + GSH-MEE, A91 + GSH-MEE, and MLIF + A91 + *** months after injury, motor functional recovery was evaluated using the open field *** and white matter preservation was evaluated using hematoxylin & eosin staining and Luxol Fast Blue staining, *** number of motoneurons in the ventral horn and the number of axonal fibers were determined using hematoxylin & eosin staining and immunohistochemistry, *** deposition was evaluated using Masson's trichrome *** combined therapy of MLIF, A91, and GSH-MEE greatly contributed to motor functional recovery and preservation of the medullary parenchyma, white matter, motoneurons, and axonal fibres, and reduced the deposition of collagen in the lesioned *** combined therapy of MLIF, A91, and GSH-MEE preserved spinal cord tissue integrity and promoted motor functional recovery of rats after *** study was approved by the National Commission for Scientific Research on Bioethics and Biosafety of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social under registration number R-2015-785-116(approval date November 30, 2015) and R-2017-3603-33(approval date June 5, 2017).

关键词： glutathione monoethyl ester monocyte locomotion inhibitor factor motor functional recovery neuroprotection neurorestoration peptides protective autoimmunity spinal cord injury

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Tree growth is more limited by drought in rear-edge forests most of the times

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 330-344页

作者： J.Julio Camarero antonio Gazol Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda Marta Vergarechea Raquel Alfaro-Sánchez Nicolás Cattaneo Sergio M.Vicente-Serrano Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avda.Montañana 1005E-50192 ZaragozaSpain Ei FAB-iu FOR University of ValladolidCampus Duques de SoriaE-42004 SoriaSpain NIBIO Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchPostboks 155NO-1431ÅsNorway Department of Biology Wilfrid Laurier UniversityN2L 3C575 Univ.Avenue WWaterlooOntarioCanada

Background:Equatorward,rear-edge tree populations are natural monitors to estimate species vulnerability to climate *** to biogeographical theory,exposition to drought events increases with increasing aridity towards the equator and the growth of southern tree populations will be more vulnerable to drought than in central ***,the ecological and biogeographical margins can mismatch due to the impact of ecological factors(topography,soils)or tree-species acclimation that can blur large-scale geographical imprints in trees responses to drought making northern populations more drought ***:We tested these ideas in six tree species,three angiosperms(Fagus sylvatica,Quercus robur,Quercus petraea)and three gymnosperms(Abies alba,Pinus sylvestris and Pinus uncinata)by comparing rear-edge tree populations subjected to different degrees of *** used dendrochronology to compare the radial-growth patterns of these species in northern,intermediate,and southern tree populations at the continental rear *** and conclusions:We found marked variations in growth variability between species with coherent patterns of stronger drought signals in the tree-ring series of the southern populations of ***,***,and *** was also observed in species from cool-wet sites(*** and ***),despite their limited responsiveness to ***,in the case of *** the intermediate population showed the strongest relationship to *** drought-sensitive species as *** and ***,southern populations presented more variable growth which was enhanced by cool-wet conditions from late spring to *** found a trend of enhanced vulnerability to drought in these two *** response of tree growth to drought has a marked biogeographical component characterized by increased drought sensitivity in southern populations even within the species distribution rear ***,the relationship

关键词： Climate change Dendroecology Latitudinal gradient Mediterranean forests Standardized evapotranspiration precipitation index(SPEI)

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