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Effect of Zn binding to phytate and humic substances on its uptake by wheat(Triticum durum L.)as affected by carbonates and Fe oxides

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 823-832页

作者： Ana m.GARCÍA-LÓPEZ Ramiro RECENA antonio DELGADO Department of Agronomy ETSIAUniversity of SevilleSeville 41013(Spain)

Although complexation with soil organic matter may improve zinc(Zn)bioavailability to plants,the effect of Zn sorbent surface on the use of complexed Zn by plants remains *** objective of this research was to elucidate how Zn complexation with humic substances(HS)and phytate affects the uptake of Zn by wheat plants depending on the main sorbent surface in growth media,i.e.,carbonates and Fe *** this end,two pot experiments were performed,one using Fe oxide-coated siliceous as the siliceous growth medium sand and the other using a mixture of calcareous sand and siliceous sand as the calcareous growth *** experiment involved three Zn sources,Zn-HS complex,Zn phytate,and ZnSO_(4).All sources were applied with surface irrigation at two Zn rates(0.25 and 2 mg kg^(-1) growth medium).The Zn-HS complex significantly increased Zn uptake by plants in both media,relative to the other two Zn sources,but no significant difference was observed between Zn phytate and ZnSO_(4).In the calcareous medium,Zn-HS complex and Zn phytate resulted in significantly higher dry biomass yields of wheat than ZnSO_(4).In the siliceous medium,spike and shoot dry biomass yields with Zn-HS complex at the low rate and Zn phytate at both rates were not significantly different from those with ZnSO_(4) at the high *** harvest,approximately 50%of the Zn applied as Zn-HS complex remained extractable by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid(DTPA),while this proportion was less than 20%for the other Zn ***,Zn-HS complex and Zn phytate are sources of available Zn for plants,and they are more effective than ZnSO_(4) in increasing plant growth,particularly when carbonates are the main Zn sorbent surface.

关键词： calcareous growth medium micronutrient organic matter organic phosphorus Zn availability Zn deficiency Zn sorbent surface Zn source

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Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： megan L.SCHILL Richard BAIRD Shawn P.BROWN Allison m.VEACH Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appalachian mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties, microbial extracellular enzyme production, and microbial abundances in a temperate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great Smoky mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) spanning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots. Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potentially

关键词： 16S rRNA burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed spacer microbial structure

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On the Structure of Graded Leibniz Algebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第1期22卷 83-96页

作者： antonio J. Calderon martin Jose m. Sfinchez Delgado Departamento de matemdticas Universidad de Cadiz 11510 Puerto Real Cadiz Spain

We study the structure of graded Leibniz algebras with arbitrary dimension and over an arbitrary base field K. We show that any of such algebras ￡ with a symmetric G-support is of the form ￡ = U-∑jIj with U a subspace of ￡1, the homogeneous component associated to the unit element 1 in G, and any Ij a well described graded ideal of ￡, satisfying [Ij, Ik]= 0 if j≠ k. In the case of ￡ being of maximal length, we characterize the gr-simplicity of the algebra in terms of connections in the support of the grading.

关键词： graded Leibniz algebra infinite dimensional Leibniz algebra structure theory

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Nanostructural Evolution of Sugarcane Rind and Pith Submitted to Hydrothermal Pretreatments

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Journal of Renewable materials 2018年第2期6卷 152-159页

作者： marcelo m.Oliveira antonio A.S.Curvelo Carlos Driemeier Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory(CTBE) Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials(CNPEM)Caixa Postal 619213083-970CampinasSão PauloBrasil São Carlos School of Engineering(EESC) University of São Paulo(USP)Caixa Postal 78013560-970São CarlosSão PauloBrasil São Carlos Institute of Chemistry(IQSC) University of São Paulo(USP)Caixa Postal 78013560-970São CarlosSão PauloBrasil

Lignocellulose conversion into cellulosic ethanol and coproducts starts with a pretreatment *** current industrial plants of cellulosic ethanol use thermochemical pretreatments under hydrothermal conditions,with or without addition of acid *** pretreatments modify biomass chemistry and morphology,particularly at the *** this work,we use X-ray diffraction,dynamic vapor sorption and calorimetric thermoporometry to investigate the biomass nanostructural changes promoted by hydrothermal *** compare and differentiate the rind and pith fractions of sugarcane stalks in order to contribute to the understanding of rind-pith contrasting ***,for both cane fractions our results point consistently to cellulose co-crystallization,lignin aggregation,and opening of nanoscale pores as the main nanostructural phenomena occurring during hydrothermal treatments.

关键词： Cellulose bagasse sugarcane cellulosic ethanol pretreatment

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A NETWORK ANALYSIS OF THE 2010 FIFA WORLD CUP CHAmPION TEAm PLAY

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第1期26卷 21-42页

作者： COTTA Carlos mORA antonio m mERELO Juan Julin mERELO-mOLINA Cecilia Department of Computer Science University of Mlaga Department of Architecture and Computer Technology University of Granada

This paper analyzes the network of passes among the players of the Spanish team during the last FIFA World Cup 2010,where they emerged as the champion,with the objective of explaining the results obtained from the behavior at the complex network *** team is considered a network with players as nodes and passes as(directed) edges.A temporal analysis of the resulting passes network is also done,looking at the number of passes,length of the chain of passes,and to network measures such as player centrality and clustering *** of the last three matches(the decisive ones) indicate that the clustering coefficient of the pass network remains high,indicating the elaborate style of the Spanish *** effectiveness of the opposing team in negating the Spanish game is reflected in the change of several network measures over time,most importantly in drops of the clustering coefficient and passing length/speed,as well as in their being able in removing the most talented players from the central positions of the ***'s ability to restore their combinative game and move the focus of the game to offensive positions and talented players is shown to tilt the balance in favor of the Spanish team.

关键词： Complex network complex systems FIFA World Cup football La Roja network analysis soccer Spanish team sports.

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Effect of rhenium on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of Fe–2.25Cr–1.6W–0.25V-0.1C bainitic steels

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2017年第12期33卷 1487-1493页

作者： José antonio Jiménez manuel Carsí Oscar antonio Ruano Department of Physical metallurgy Centro Nacional de lnvestigaciones MetalurgicasC.S.I.CAvda.Gregorio del Amo 828040 MadridSpain

A new ferritic creep resistant steel has been developed by eliminating Nb and adding 1.5 mass % Re to a ferritic steel grade T/P23 with the aim of enhancing its mechanical properties at high *** ingots of both steels, new grade and ASTm T/P 23, were hot rolled at 900℃ and then submitted to a thermal treatment consisting of solubilization at 1050℃ and tempering at 700℃. Tempered bainitic microstructures obtained contain second phases reinforcing carbide particles, mainly m_6C and m_（23）C_6 at the boundaries of both, prior austenite grains and bainitic ferrite laths, as well as mC within the grains. mechanical properties at temperatures ranging from 540 to 600℃ were studied by strain-ratechange tests in compression at strain rates between 10^（-7） and 10^（-4）s^（-1）. These tests showed high stress exponents（n ≥ 20） and activation energies（Q ≈ 400 k J/mol） for both alloys, which were associated with a dislocation movement mechanism with a strong interaction between dislocations and precipitates. On the other hand, a creep exponent of 5 was derived for the stress dependence of minimum creep rate from conventional-type creep tests at 600℃. Although this stress exponent is usually related to a dislocation climb controlled creep mechanism, remarkable microstructural degradation observed with increasing creep time makes difficult to elucidate the true deformation mechanism controlling creep.

关键词： Creep resistant steel T/P23 Thermal treatment Tempered bainite High temperature mechanical properties Creep

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Thermal Product of Type-E Fast Response Temperature Sensors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第4期19卷 364-371页

作者： H.A.mohammed H.Salleh m.Z.Yusoff antonio Campo Department of mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Tenaga NasionalKm 7Jalan Kajang-Puchong43009 KajangSelangorMalaysia Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249USA

This paper provides practical data for thermal product values of different scratched temperature sensors that can be used for accurate transient heat transfer measurements under hypersonic flow *** effect of using different scratch techniques(abrasive papers and scalpel blades)to form the sensor's junction is *** was observed that the thermal product of a particular sensor depends on the mach number,junction scratch technique, junction location and enthalpy *** was demonstrated that using different scratched technique would produce different thermal product values.

关键词： thermal product fast response temperature sensor hypersonic flow.

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Optimal Coordinated Operation of Distributed Static Series Compensators for Wide-area Network Congestion Relief

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第5期10卷 1374-1384页

作者： Camilo Andres Ordonez m antonio Gomez-Exposito Guillermo EVinasco m Jose maria maza-Ortega IEEE Smart Wires Union CityUSA Department of Electrical Engineering University of SevilleSevillaSpain Interconexion Electrica SA Intercolombia Sevilla Spain

Relieving network congestions is a critical goal for the safe and flexible operation of modern power systems, especially in the presence of intermittent renewables or distributed generation. This paper deals with the real-time coordinated operation of distributed static series compensators(DSSCs) to remove network congestions by suitable modifications of the branch reactance. Several objective functions are considered and discussed to minimize the number of the devices involved in the control actions, the total losses or the total reactive power exchanged, leading to a non-convex mixed-integer non-linear programming problem. Then, a heuristic methodology combining the solution of a regular NLP with k-means clustering algorithm is proposed to get rid of the binary variables, in an attempt to reduce the computational cost. The proposed coordinated operation strategy of the DSSCs is tested on several benchmark systems, providing feasible and sufficiently optimal solutions in a reasonable time frame for practical systems.

关键词： Distributed static series compensation(DSSC) flexible AC transmission system(FACTS) mixed-integer non-linear programming(mINLP) wide-area network control

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Diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with grapevine and other woody hosts in Italy,Algeria and Tunisia,with descriptions of Lasiodiplodia exigua and Lasiodiplodia mediterranea ***

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第2期71卷 201-214页

作者： B.T.Linaldeddu A.Deidda B.scanu A.Franceschini S.Serra A.Berraf-Tebbal m.Zouaoui Boutiti m.L.Ben Jamâa A.J.L.Phillips Dipartimento di Agraria Sezione di Patologia vegetale ed EntomologiaUniversitàdegli Studi di Sassarivia E.De Nicola 107100 SassariItaly Département des Biotechnologies Facultédes Sciences de la Vie et de la TerreUniversitéSaad Dahleb09000 BlidaAlgeria INRGREF Laboratoire de Gestion et de Valorisation des Ressources ForestièresB.P.N 22080 ArianaTunisia Centro de Recursos microbiológicos Departamento de Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

The diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with“Botryosphaeria dieback”of grapevine was investigated in 18 vineyards in Sardinia,*** isolates obtained from different woody hosts including holm oak,sweet orange and broom bush in Italy,Algeria and Tunisia were also *** and cultural characteristics as well as ITS and EF1-αsequence data were used to identify the fungal ***-eight botryosphaeriaceous isolates were obtained from 113 symptomatic grapevine samples,from which ten species were *** seriata was the dominant species(25%of isolates),followed by Neofusicoccum parvum(21.7%).Two species,Diplodia olivarum and *** are reported for the first time on *** addition,two new species namely Lasiodiplodia mediterranea *** grapevine,holm oak and sweet orange and Lasiodiplodia exigua *** broom bush are *** artificial inoculation experiments conducted on excised green grapevine shoots and lignified canes as well as holm oak seedlings,*** was shown to be an aggressive pathogen.

关键词： Citrus×sinensis Diplodia Lasiodiplodia Neofusicoccum Quercus ilex Retama raetam

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3D finite element modelling optimization for deep tunnels with material nonlinearity

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Underground Space 2018年第2期3卷 125-139页

作者： Osvaldo P.m.Vitali Tarcisio B.Celestino antonio Bobet Lyles School of Civil Engineering Pwrdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Sao Carlos School of Engineering.Univerity of Sao Paulo Sao CarlosSP 13566Brazil

3D modeling of tunnels using a nonlinear ground model is still a time-consuming task because it usually requires a large number of incremental phases with iterative processes,to ensure accuracy while minimizing computational *** of theﬁnite element mesh is of utmost *** the current tendency towards 3D modeling of tunnels,few publications are concerned with mesh optimization considering model size,grid reﬁnement and order of *** paper improves the understanding of key issues that affect 3D modeling of *** results shown that:(1)2nd order elements are more effcient when material nonlinearity is present and should be preferred;(2)the plastic zone size has a strong inﬂuence on the model dimensions and may require discretizations much larger than those currently *** paper provides recommendations for mesh reﬁnement and model dimensions(width and length)as a function of the plastic zone size,for accurate 3D models with reduced computational cost.

关键词： Tunnel Numerical modeling Finite element method mesh optimization Nonlinear material

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