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Effect of Noisy Fitness in Real-time Strategy Games Player Behaviour Optimisation Using Evolutionary Algorithms

journal of Computer Science & technology 2012年第5期27卷 1007-1023页

作者： antonio M. Mora antonio Fernndez-Ares juan j. Merelo Pablo García-Snchez Carlos M. Fernandes Computer Architecture and technology Department University of Granada Institute for Systems and Robotics Technical University of Lisbon

this paper investigates the performance and the results of an evolutionary algorithm （EA） specifically designed for evolving the decision engine of a program （which, in this context, is called bot） that plays Planet Wars. this game, which was chosen for the Google Artificial Intelligence Challenge in 2010, requires the bot to deal with multiple target planets, while achieving a certain degree of adaptability in order to defeat different opponents in different scenarios. the decision engine of the bot is initially based on a set of rules that have been defined after an empirical study, and a genetic algorithm （GA） is used for tuning the set of constants, weights and probabilities that those rules include, and therefore, the general behaviour of the bot. then, the bot is supplied with the evolved decision engine and the results obtained when competing with other bots （a bot offered by Google as a sparring partner, and a scripted bot with a pre-established behaviour） are thoroughly analysed. the evaluation of the candidate solutions is based on the result of non-deterministic battles （and environmental interactions） against other bots, whose outcome depends on random draws as well as on the opponents＇ actions. therefore, the proposed GA is dealing with a noisy fitness function. After analysing the effects of the noisy fitness, we conclude that tackling randomness via repeated combats and reevaluations reduces this effect and makes the GA a highly valuable approach for solving this problem.

关键词： real-time strategy game genetic algorithm noisy fitness player behaviour optimisation parameter adaptation

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Protection from infection or disease? Re-evaluating the broad immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第6期37卷 783-785页

作者： Anthony t.tan joey Ming Er Lim antonio Bertoletti Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore169857Singapore Singapore Immunology Network A*STARSingapore138648Singapore

How do we measure vaccine efficacy? the strictest but also easiest parameter to determine vaccine efficacy is its ability to block ***, if a vaccine is able to block infection, this necessarily follows that it will also prevent both disease development and viral transmission. As a consequence, antibodies, specifically neutralising antibodies, have been used as the “gold standard” correlate of protection to measure SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy, given their ability to block infection.

关键词： vaccine infection vaccines

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Burrow morphology of Uca uruguayensis and Uca leptodactylus(Decapoda:Ocypodidae)from a subtropical mangrove forest in the western Atlantic

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 307-314页

作者： Glauco B.O.machado joão B.L.GUSMÃO-jUNIOR tânia M.COStA Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista UNESPSão VicenteSão PauloBrazil

the continuous excavation of burrows by fiddler crabs generates bioturbation in the sediment,which can be estimated from burrow *** aim of the present study was to describe the burrow morphology of Uca uruguayensis and *** and its relationship with demography of resident individuals and to estimate the level of bioturbation in the sediment generated by each *** all individuals from each of the 2 species,sex was determined and the carapace width(CW;mm)*** were characterized according to burrow diameter(BD;mm),maximum burrow depth(MBD;mm)and burrow volume(BV;cm^(3)).the density of each species in the study area was also *** both species,the males were larger and occupied burrows with higher BV compared to *** between sexes in relation to the burrow characteristics might reflect sexual dimorphism within the group and are probably related to the fact that males use the burrows for *** and BV showed significant positive relationships with the size of resident *** amount of sediment removed per burrow was estimated from mean BV:10.78 cm^(3)of sediment/burrow for *** and 12.38 cm^(3)of sediment/burrow for *** the density and depth differences between the 2 species,the similarity in burrow volume suggests that *** and *** present the same importance in terms of the bioturbation *** morphology is highly associated with characteristics of the occupant,although extrinsic factors should also be considered,and its description can provide estimates on the bioturbation generated by Uca species in mangrove forests.

关键词： bioturbation burrow structure crab burrowing fiddler crab

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On the Structure of Graded Leibniz Algebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第1期22卷 83-96页

作者： antonio j. Calderon Martin jose M. Sfinchez Delgado Departamento de Matemdticas Universidad de Cadiz 11510 Puerto Real Cadiz Spain

We study the structure of graded Leibniz algebras with arbitrary dimension and over an arbitrary base field K. We show that any of such algebras ￡ with a symmetric G-support is of the form ￡ = U-∑jIj with U a subspace of ￡1, the homogeneous component associated to the unit element 1 in G, and any Ij a well described graded ideal of ￡, satisfying [Ij, Ik]= 0 if j≠ k. In the case of ￡ being of maximal length, we characterize the gr-simplicity of the algebra in terms of connections in the support of the grading.

关键词： graded Leibniz algebra infinite dimensional Leibniz algebra structure theory

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Production Cross-Section Estimates for Strongly-Interacting Electroweak-Symmetry Breaking Sector Resonances at Particle Colliders

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2015年第12期64卷 701-709页

作者： antonio Dobado GUO Feng-Kun Felipe j.Llanes-Estrada Departamento de Física teórica Universidad Complutense de Madrid State Key Laboratory of theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Science Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for theoretical Physics Universitat Bonn

We are exploring a generic strongly-interacting Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Sector(EWSBS) with the low-energy effective field theory for the four experimentally known particles(W_L~±,Z_l,h) and its dispersion-relation based unitary *** this contribution we provide simple estimates for the production cross-section of pairs of the EWSBS bosons and their resonances at proton-proton colliders as well as in a future e^-e^+(or potentially aμ^-μ^+) collider with a typical few-teV *** examine the simplest production mechanisms,tree-level production through a W(dominant when quantum numbers allow) and the simple effective boson approximation(in which the electroweak bosons are considered as collinear partons of the colliding fermions).We exemplify with custodial isovector and isotensor resonances at 2 teV,the energy currently being discussed because of a slight excess in the AtLAS 2-jet *** find it hard,though not unthinkable,to ascribe this excess to one of these W_lW_l rescattering *** isovector resonance could be produced at a rate smaller than,but close to earlier CMS exclusion bounds,depending on the parameters of the effective *** ZZ excess is then problematic and requires additional physics(such as an additional scalar resonance).the isotensor one(that would describe all charge combinations) has smaller cross-section.

关键词： strongly interacting electroweak symmetry breaking

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Impact of radiative cooling on the energy performance of courtyards in Mediterranean climate

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Building Simulation 2024年第9期17卷 1491-1513页

作者： Carlos-antonio Domínguez-torres antonio Domínguez-Delgado Escuela técnica Superior de Arquitectura Universidad de SevillaAv.de Reina Mercedes241012 SevillaSpain Department of Applied Mathematics 1 Escuela Técnica Superior de ArquitecturaUniversidad de SevillaAv.de Reina Mercedes241012 SevillaSpain

Radiative cooling has proven to be a useful tool to address the problems of lack of comfort and excessive energy consumption in situations of high temperatures,overheating and heat ***,incorporating courtyards in warm climate zones has been found to be highly beneficial in addressing similar ***,there is interest in analyzing the combined effects of both:radiative cooling and *** paper presents an analysis of the impact of the application of radiative cooling on a courtyard using a comprehensive simulation approach that includes a CFD model for the thermodynamic airflow in the adjacent roofs and inside the courtyard,equations for the transient heat conduction through roofs,walls and courtyard slabs,and a hybrid raytracing-radiosity model for the evaluation of the solar radiation reaching the building surfaces and its reflections,both of specular and diffuse origin,and for the calculation of the thermal radiation exchange,especially with the *** results show that in the hot season,the courtyard with radiative cooling always provides lower temperatures than the initial courtyard does,with a temperature range of 18.33℃to 33.78℃,compared to a range of 19.32℃to 38.00℃in the initial courtyard,and producing a greater difference with outdoor temperatures that can reach 12℃versus 8℃for the reference *** addition,it was found that the courtyard with radiative cooling is able to significantly reduce the observed nighttime overheating by providing lower temperatures than the outdoor temperatures in the 50%of the nights *** was also found that the thermal loads to achieve indoor thermal comfort in the spaces adjacent to the courtyard were reduced by 63.46%to 69.85%.

关键词： radiative cooling passive cooling CFD three-dimensional modeling energy saving thermal comfort

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Arlenea delicata *** ***.,a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation,Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 362-371页

作者： Alita Maria Neves Ribeiro Yong Yang antonio Alamo Feitosa Saraiva Renan Alfredo machado Bantim joao tavares Calixto junior Flaviana jorge de Lima Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Diversidade Biologica e Recursos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment159 Longpan RoadNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Laboratorio de Paleontologia Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Laboratorio de Estudos da Flora Regional Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Gondwanan Plants Lab Universidade Federal de PernambucoCentro Academico de VitoriaRua Do Alto Reservatorio S/nBela Vista55608-680Vitoria de Santo AntaoPernambucoBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Geociencias(PPGEOC) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco(UFPE)Rua Av.da ArquiteturaS/n°CEP-50740-550Cidade UniversitariaRecifePernambucoBrazil

Ephedroid macrofossils have been widely documented in Cretaceous deposits,including numerous from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of NE ***,few ephedroid macrofossils have been reported from South ***,we describe a new plant of the family Ephedraceae,Arlenea delicata *** ***.,from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil,based on the vegetative and reproductive *** has the typical morphological characteristics of ephedroid plants,including fertile reproductive branches,opposite phyllotaxy,terminal female cones,a sympodial branching system,longitudinally striated internodes,and swollen *** new finding is unusual in having inner chlamydosperms subtended by two pairs of bracts,reproductive units connected to branches through swollen receptacles and a smooth seed *** new ephedroid taxon from the Crato Formation increases our understanding of plant diversity of this group during the Early ***,the general morphology(fleshy bracts and enlarged receptacles)of this new fossil discovery indicates that seeds of this plant may have been dispersed by animals such as pterosaurs(mainly the tapejaridae)and birds(Enantiornithes and Ornituromorpha).If true,this would explain the cosmopolitan distribution of Ephedraceae in the Lower Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Gnetophytes Arlenea delicata Ephedrales Crato Formation

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A method to evaluate REE-HFSE mineralised provinces by value creation potential, and an example of application: Gardar REE-HFSE province, Greenland

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2141-2156页

作者： Graham j.Banks Símun D.Olsen antonio Gusak Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Øster Voldgade 10DK-1350CopenhagenDenmark Permanent Address:Route to Reserves Ulriksdalvej 13Valby2500CopenhagenDenmark University of Copenhagen Øster Voldgade 10DK-1350CopenhagenDenmark

the rare earth elements and high-field-strength elements(REE-HFSE)exploration sector conducts most evaluations at deposit and smaller *** is not evident how the sector performs a preceding exploration stage—rating and prioritising REE-HFSE mineralised provinces—to determine which provinces are prospective enough to warrant *** we present an objective,repeatable,low-cost method to screen any REE-HFSE province,as a foundation for district-scale investigations or asset *** is original for REE-HFSE screening,and adapted from regional scale copper,cobalt and petroleum exploration,and CO2 storage,screening *** is centred upon a mineralised province’s favourability for potential value creation,and to identify:(a)its main information gaps;(b)its weakest links;(c)its exploration maturity and remaining potential category;(d)how it compares against other REE-HFSE provinces;and(e)if further investigation is *** method incorporates geoscience,strategy,economic and socio-environmental factors in a way that is understandable and directly usable across stakeholder *** workflow is systematic,yet flexible enough to accommodate organisationspecific criteria,and usable for other *** provides the platform to build a global REE-HFSE province map and database consistently across national boundaries and *** for the extent of province exploration maturity and remaining mineral potential are *** illustrate the applicability of these methods using the Gardar REE-HFSE Province(GRHP)of south *** conclude that it is a moderate size,frontier province that is currently of questionable favourability for value *** move GRHP into a positive favourability class,its current weak links need strengthening by research,government policy and industry stakeholders:evaluate the mineral system;integrate all information geospatially and place it in the public domain;help the region improve some communi

关键词： REE HFSE Province Screening Favourability Value

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the off-crust origin of granite batholiths

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第1期5卷 63-75页

作者： antonio Castro Unidad Asociada de Petrología Experimental CSIC-Universidad de Huelva.Campus El Carmen21071 Huelva Spain

Granitod batholiths of I-type features （mostly granodiorites and tonalites）, and particularly those forming the large plutonic associations of active continental margins and intracontinental collisional belts, represent the most outstanding magmatic episodes occurred in the continental crust. the origin of magmas, however, remains controversial. the application of principles from phase equilibria is crucial to understand the problem of granitoid magma generation. An adequate comparison between rock com- positions and experimental liquids has been addressed by using a projected compositional space in the plane F（Fe ＋ Mg）-Anorthite-Orthoclase. Many calc-alkaline granitoid trends can be considered cotectic liquids. Assimilation of country rocks and other not-cotectic processes are identified in the projected diagram. the identification of cotectic patterns in batholith implies high temperatures of magma segregation and fractionation （or partial melting） from an intermediate （andesitic） source. the com- parison of batholiths with lower crust granulites, in terms of major-element geochemistry, yields that both represent liquids and solid residues respectively from a common andesitic system. this is compatible with magmas being formed by melting, and eventual reaction with the peridotite mantle, of subducted mOlanges that are finally relaminated as magmas to the lower crust. thus, the off-crust generation of granitoids batholiths constitutes a new paradigm in which important geological implica- tions can be satisfactorily explained. Geochemical features of Cordilleran-type batholiths are totally compatible with this new conception.

关键词： Batholith Granodiorite Andesite Relamination Granulite Lower crust

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Effect of rhenium on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of Fe–2.25Cr–1.6W–0.25V-0.1C bainitic steels

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journal of Materials Science & technology 2017年第12期33卷 1487-1493页

作者： josé antonio jiménez Manuel Carsí Oscar antonio Ruano Department of Physical Metallurgy Centro Nacional de lnvestigaciones MetalurgicasC.S.I.CAvda.Gregorio del Amo 828040 MadridSpain

A new ferritic creep resistant steel has been developed by eliminating Nb and adding 1.5 mass % Re to a ferritic steel grade t/P23 with the aim of enhancing its mechanical properties at high *** ingots of both steels, new grade and AStM t/P 23, were hot rolled at 900℃ and then submitted to a thermal treatment consisting of solubilization at 1050℃ and tempering at 700℃. tempered bainitic microstructures obtained contain second phases reinforcing carbide particles, mainly M_6C and M_（23）C_6 at the boundaries of both, prior austenite grains and bainitic ferrite laths, as well as MC within the grains. Mechanical properties at temperatures ranging from 540 to 600℃ were studied by strain-ratechange tests in compression at strain rates between 10^（-7） and 10^（-4）s^（-1）. these tests showed high stress exponents（n ≥ 20） and activation energies（Q ≈ 400 k j/mol） for both alloys, which were associated with a dislocation movement mechanism with a strong interaction between dislocations and precipitates. On the other hand, a creep exponent of 5 was derived for the stress dependence of minimum creep rate from conventional-type creep tests at 600℃. Although this stress exponent is usually related to a dislocation climb controlled creep mechanism, remarkable microstructural degradation observed with increasing creep time makes difficult to elucidate the true deformation mechanism controlling creep.

关键词： Creep resistant steel t/P23 thermal treatment tempered bainite High temperature mechanical properties Creep

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