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Tandem pore TWIK-related potassium channels and neuroprotection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第8期14卷 1293-1308页

作者： j.antonio Lamas Diego fernández-fernández Laboratory of Neuroscience Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO) University of Vigo

TWIK-related potassium channels (TREK) belong to a subfamily of the two-pore domain potassium channels family with three members, TREK1, TREK2 and TWIK-related arachidonic acid-activated potassium channels. The two-pore domain potassium channels is the last big family of channels being discovered, therefore it is not surprising that most of the information we know about TREK channels predominantly comes from the study of heterologously expressed channels. Notw让hstanding, in this review we pay special attention to the limited amount of information available on native TREK-like channels and real neurons in relation to neuroprotection. Mainly we focus on the role of free fatty acids, lysophospholipids and other neuroprotective agents like riluzole in the modulation of TREK channels, emphasizing on how important this modulation may be for the development of new therapies against neuropathic pain, depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, ischemia and cardiac complications.

关键词： TREK channels TREK-1 TREK-2 TRAAK neuroprotection free fatty acids lysophospholipids riluzole

Influence of parameters on the microstructure of a duplex stainless steel joint welded by a GMAW welding process

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第4期32卷 415-423页

作者： Sandra Chacón-fernández antonio Portolés garcía Gerardo Romaní Labanda Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales UPM

Duplex stainless steels（DSSs） are widely used in industry for their desirable properties. Any fusion welding technique modifies the microstructure and, consequently, the properties of the material. This paper presents a parametric study of the variables that determine the energy contribution（current, voltage and welding speed） and the structural modifications produced during gas metal arc welding. The analysis comprises metallographic study,phase balance, dimensioning of the weld beads and tensile and hardness tests. The influence of the variables studied on the thermal cycles obtained（temperatures reached and cooling rate） was determined by using a finite element model. The results showed that, in addition to the indicated parameters, the parameter power transfer per volume（W/m3） and the geometry in the bead must be controlled due to their influence on the heat flow distribution and phase balance.

关键词： Welding Heat input GMAW Duplex stainless steels (DSS) Finite element model (FEM)

Effect of Noisy Fitness in Real-Time Strategy Games Player Behaviour Optimisation Using Evolutionary Algorithms

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journal of Computer Science & Technology 2012年第5期27卷 1007-1023页

作者： antonio M. Mora antonio fernndez-Ares juan j. Merelo Pablo garcía-Snchez Carlos M. fernandes Computer Architecture and Technology Department University of Granada Institute for Systems and Robotics Technical University of Lisbon

This paper investigates the performance and the results of an evolutionary algorithm （EA） specifically designed for evolving the decision engine of a program （which, in this context, is called bot） that plays Planet Wars. This game, which was chosen for the Google Artificial Intelligence Challenge in 2010, requires the bot to deal with multiple target planets, while achieving a certain degree of adaptability in order to defeat different opponents in different scenarios. The decision engine of the bot is initially based on a set of rules that have been defined after an empirical study, and a genetic algorithm （GA） is used for tuning the set of constants, weights and probabilities that those rules include, and therefore, the general behaviour of the bot. Then, the bot is supplied with the evolved decision engine and the results obtained when competing with other bots （a bot offered by Google as a sparring partner, and a scripted bot with a pre-established behaviour） are thoroughly analysed. The evaluation of the candidate solutions is based on the result of non-deterministic battles （and environmental interactions） against other bots, whose outcome depends on random draws as well as on the opponents＇ actions. Therefore, the proposed GA is dealing with a noisy fitness function. After analysing the effects of the noisy fitness, we conclude that tackling randomness via repeated combats and reevaluations reduces this effect and makes the GA a highly valuable approach for solving this problem.

关键词： real-time strategy game genetic algorithm noisy fitness player behaviour optimisation parameter adaptation

Tax avoidance and earnings management:a neural network approach for the largest European economies

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 558-582页

作者： Francisco j.Delgado Elena fernández‑Rodríguez Roberto garcía‑fernández Manuel Landajo antonio Martínez‑Arias Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and BusinessUniversity of OviedoAvda.del CristoS/N33071 OviedoSpain Department of Accounting Faculty of Economics and BusinessUniversity of OviedoAvda.del CristoS/N33071 OviedoSpain Department of Applied Economics Faculty of Economics and BusinessUniversity of OviedoAvda.del CristoS/N33071 OviedoSpain

In this study,we investigate the relationship between tax avoidance and earnings management in the largest five European Union economies by using artificial neural network *** methodology allows us to deal with nonlinearities detected in the data,which is the principal contribution to the previous *** ana-lyzed Compustat data for Germany,the United Kingdom,France,Italy,and Spain for the 2006–2015 period,focusing on discretionary *** considered three tax avoidance measures,two based on the effective tax rate(ETR)and one on book-tax differences(BTD).Our results indicate the presence of nonlinear patterns and a posi-tive,statistically significant relationship between discretionary accruals and both ETR indicators implying that when companies resort to earnings management,a larger tax-able income—and thus higher ETR and lesser tax avoidance–would ***,as also highlighted by the fact that discretionary accruals do not appear to affect BTD,our evidence does not suggest that companies are exploiting tax manipulation to reduce their tax payments;thus,the gap between accounting and taxation seems largely unaf-fected by earnings management.

关键词： Tax avoidance Earnings management Artificial neural networks European Union

Ni-based catalysts obtained from perovskites oxides for ethanol steam reforming

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燃料化学学报 2018年第11期46卷 1332-1341页

作者： Fabiola Nerina Agüero jose antonio Alonso Maria Teresa fernández-Díaz Luis Eduardo Cadus Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química(INTEQUI) UNSL-CONICETAlmirante Brown 14555700 San LuisArgentina Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasCantoblanco28049 MadridSpain Institut Laue-Langevin B.P.156F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9France

Perovskites as host structures of cations were used in order to generate in situ active and stable catalysts for ethanol steam reforming. For this purpose,La_(1-x)Mg_xAl_(1-y)Ni_yO_3(x = 0.1; y = 0,0.1,0.2,0.3) perovskites were synthetized by the citrate *** segregation is evident for a substitution level higher than 0. 2. The segregation of Ni as NiO generated species interacts with different metal-support after the reduction step. The y = 0.1 catalyst presents the highest H_2 yield value about 85% during reaction time,with low mean values of CH_4 and CO selectivities of 3.4% and 11%,respectively and a low carbon formation. The better performance of y = 0.1 catalyst could be attributed to the minor proportion of segregated phases,thus a controlled expulsion of Ni is successfully reached.

关键词： perovskites catalyst design ethanol steam reforming

Association of accelerometer-derived step volume and intensity with hospitalizations and mortality in older adults:A prospective cohort study

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第5期11卷 578-585页

作者： Asier Manas Borja del Pozo Cruz Ulf Ekelund joséLosa Reyna Irene Rodríguez Gómez joséantonio Carnicero Carreno Leocadio Rodríguez Manas Francisco j.garcía garcía Ignacio Ara GENUD Toledo Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledo 45071Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging(CIBERFES) Madrid 28029Spain Motivation and Behaviour Research Program Institute for Positive Psychology and EducationFaculty of Health SciencesAustralian Catholic UniversitySydneyNSW 2060Australia Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo 0806Norway Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOslo 0473Norway Geriatric Department Hospital Virgen del ValleToledo 45071Spain Geriatric Department Hospital Universitario de GetafeGetafe 28905Spain

Purpose:This study aimed to examine the associations of accelerometer-derived steps volume and intensity with hospitalizations and all-cause mortality in older ***:This prospective cohort study involved 768 community-dwelling Spanish older adults(78.8±4.9 years,mean±SD;53.9% females)from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging(2012-2017).The number of steps per day and step cadence(steps/min) were derived from a hip-mounted accelerometer worn for at least 4 days at *** were followed-up over a mean period of 3.1 years for hospitalization and 5.7 years for all-cause *** proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the individual and joint associations between daily steps and stepping intensity with hospitalizations and all-cause ***:Included participants walked 5835± 3445 steps/day with an intensity of 7.3± 4.1 steps/*** adjusting for age,sex,body mass index(BMI),education,income,marital status and comorbidities,higher step count(hazard ratio(HR)=0.95,95% confidence interval(95%CI:0.90-1.00,and HR=0.87,95%CI:0.81-0.95 per additional 1000 steps) and higher step intensity(HR=0.95,95%CI:0.91-0.99,and HR=0.89,95%CI:0.84-0.95 per each additional step/min) were associated with fewer hospitalizations and all-cause mortality risk,*** to the group having low step volume and intensity,individuals in the group having high step volume and intensity had a lower risk of hospitalization(HR=0.72,95%CI:0.52-0.98) and all-cause mortality(HR=0.60,95%CI:0.37-0.98).Conclusion:Among older adults,both high step volume and step intensity were significantly associated with lower hospitalization and all-cause mortality *** step volume and intensity may benefit older people.

关键词： Aging Follow-up Objective Physical activity Walking

Addition of ‘Chetoui’ olive leaf extract to reduce acrylamide in Californian-style black olive

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 842-851页

作者： Dalel Mechi antonio fernández Bechir Baccouri Leila Abaza Daniel Martín-Vertedor Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC)BP 9012050Hammam-lifTunisia The Faculty of Science of Bizerte University of CarthageTunisia Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture (CICYTEX-INTAEX) Junta of ExtremaduraAvda.Adolfo Suárez S/n06007BadajozSpain

To improve food quality, the use of olive leaf extracts has been an emergent strategy that needs to be study in different scenarios. Certain local olive varieties are waiting to be discovered as potential by-product sources, in which a Tunisian variety named ‘Chetoui’ can be pointed out. The use of this variety at different tree ages to elaborate olive leaf extracts (OLE) in different solvents has been the main procedure to study during this assay. Different OLE concentrations were prepared in order to evaluate its effect in contaminants such as acrylamide. Adult ‘Chetoui’ OLE presented a richer phenolic content that is younger homonym. Principal phenols like hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein and luteolin-7-O-gluvoside presented higher levels for both tree ages. In terms of extractants, the most effective was Methanol, having concentrations for oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and Luteolin-7-O-glucoside of 175331, 32433 and 10688 mg 100 g−1 respectively. Hexane was the least successful solvent, having no concentration for plenty of the phenols. Acrylamide concentration was deeply affected for the OLE presence for every extract concentration, being OLE (1:10) and OLE (1:10 + HTy) the additions with a better performance followed by OLE (1:100). A sensory analysis was performed finding out that OLE (1:100) was the most appealing for the consumer when adding it to table olives. The current research attempts to discover new applications for local varieties, using by-products to enhance oxidized black table olives added value. Finally, market products would become healthier, safer and with better quality to be released in the food industry.

关键词： Tunisia Olive leaf extract Acrylamide Phenolic compounds Table olive

The reversed intra- and extracellular pH in tumors as a unified strategy to chemotherapeutic delivery using targeted nanocarriers

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第8期11卷 2243-2264页

作者： Edgar Pérez-Herrero Alberto fernández-Medarde Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica Universidad de La LagunaLa Laguna 38206TenerifeSpain Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica antonio González Universidad de La LagunaLa Laguna 38206TenerifeSpain Instituto Universitario de Tecnologías Biomédicas Universidad de La LagunaLa Laguna 38200TenerifeSpain Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular Del Cáncer Centro de Investigación Del Cáncer(USAL-CSIC)Salamanca 37007Spain

Solid tumors are complex entities,comprising a wide variety of malignancies with very different molecular *** this,they share a set of characteristics known as"hallmarks of cancer"that can be used as common therapeutic ***,every tumor needs to change its metabolism in order to obtain the energy levels required for its high proliferative rates,and these adaptations lead to alterations in extra-and intracellular *** changes in p H are common to all solid tumors,and can be used either as therapeutic targets,blocking the cell proton transporters and reversing the pH changes,or as means to specifically deliver anticancer *** this review we will describe how proton transport inhibitors in association with nanocarriers have been designed to block the pH changes that are needed for cancer cells to survive after their metabolic *** will also describe studies aiming to decrease intracellular pH in cancer using nanoparticles as molecular cages for protons which will be released upon UV or IR light ***,we will comment on several studies that have used the extracellular pH in cancer for an enhanced cell internalization and tumor penetration of nanocarriers and a controlled drug delivery,describing how nanocarriers are being used to increase drug stability and specificity.

关键词： pH-Gradient inversion Metabolism of glucose Proton transport inhibitors Proton-caged carriers Chemotherapy Targeted drug delivery pH-Sensitive nanocarriers Warburg effect Cancer

Response to McAvoy and Tudor-Locke on their commentary on our manuscript:“Association of accelerometer-derived step volume and intensity with hospitalizations and mortality in older adults:A prospective cohort study”

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 639-640页

作者： Asier Mañas Borja del Pozo Cruz Ulf Ekelund joséLosa Reyna Irene Rodríguez Gómez joséantonio Carnicero Carreño Leocadio Rodríguez Mañas Francisco j.garcía garcía Ignacio Ara GENUD Toledo Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledo 45071Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging(CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Center UCM-ISCIII for Human Evolution and Behavior Madrid 28029Spain Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz(INiBICA)Research Unit Puerto Real University HospitalUniversity of CadizCadiz 11009Spain Department of Physical Education Faculty of Education SciencesUniversity of CadizCadiz 11009Spain Department of Sports Medicine Norwegian School of Sport SciencesOslo 0806Norway Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOslo 0473Norway Geriatric Department Hospital Universitario de GetafeGetafe 28905Spain Geriatric Department Hospital Virgen del ValleToledo 45071Spain

Dear Editor,We have read with interest the commentary by McAvoy and Tudor-Locke on our article entitled "Association of accelerometer-derived step volume and intensity with ho spitalizations and mortality in older adults:A prospective cohort study". The authors expressed some concerns about our methodology used to define accelerometer-derived step intensity and the analytical approach applied in our study.

关键词： accelerometer prospective mortality