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The off-crust origin of granite batholiths

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第1期5卷 63-75页

作者： antonio Castro Unidad Asociada de Petrología Experimental CSIC-Universidad de Huelva.Campus El Carmen21071 Huelva Spain

Granitod batholiths of I-type features （mostly granodiorites and tonalites）, and particularly those forming the large plutonic associations of active continental margins and intracontinental collisional belts, represent the most outstanding magmatic episodes occurred in the continental crust. The origin of magmas, however, remains controversial. The application of principles from phase equilibria is crucial to understand the problem of granitoid magma generation. An adequate comparison between rock com- positions and experimental liquids has been addressed by using a projected compositional space in the plane F（Fe ＋ Mg）-Anorthite-Orthoclase. Many calc-alkaline granitoid trends can be considered cotectic liquids. Assimilation of country rocks and other not-cotectic processes are identified in the projected diagram. The identification of cotectic patterns in batholith implies high temperatures of magma segregation and fractionation （or partial melting） from an intermediate （andesitic） source. The com- parison of batholiths with lower crust granulites, in terms of major-element geochemistry, yields that both represent liquids and solid residues respectively from a common andesitic system. This is compatible with magmas being formed by melting, and eventual reaction with the peridotite mantle, of subducted mOlanges that are finally relaminated as magmas to the lower crust. Thus, the off-crust generation of granitoids batholiths constitutes a new paradigm in which important geological implica- tions can be satisfactorily explained. Geochemical features of Cordilleran-type batholiths are totally compatible with this new conception.

关键词： Batholith Granodiorite Andesite Relamination Granulite Lower crust

Covalent and Ionic Bonding between Tannin and Collagen in Leather Making and Shrinking:A MALDI-ToF Study

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第8期9卷 1345-1364页

作者： antonio Pizzi LERMAB-ENSTIB University of LorraineEpinal88000France

Collagen powder hydrolysates were reacted with a solution of commercial mimosa bark tannin *** mixture was prepared at ambient temperature and prepared at 80°C to determine what reactions,if any,did occur between the collagen protein through its amino acids and the polyphenolic condensed *** reaction products obtained were analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight(MALDI ToF)mass *** between the two materials did appear to occur,with the formation of a relatively small proportion of covalent and ionic linkages at ambient temperature but a considerable proportion of covalent linkages tannin-protein amino acids and the disappearance of ionic *** linkages between the two materials appeared to be by amination of the phenolic–OHs of the tannin by the amino groups of the non-skeletal side chains of arginine,and by esterification by the–COOH groups of glutamic and aspartic acid of the aliphatic alcohol-OH on the C3 site of the flavonoid units heterocycle of the *** proportion of covalent linkages increases markedly and predominate with increasing *** tightening of the tannin-protein covalent network formed may be an additional contributing factor both to leather wear resistance and performance as well to leather shrinking when this is subjected to excessive temperatures.

关键词： Leather collagen vegetal tannins tanning tannin-protein reactions covalent bonds leather cross-linking leather shrinkage MALDI

Effect of rhenium on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of Fe–2.25Cr–1.6W–0.25V-0.1C bainitic steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第12期33卷 1487-1493页

作者： José antonio Jiménez Manuel Carsí Oscar antonio Ruano Department of Physical Metallurgy Centro Nacional de lnvestigaciones MetalurgicasC.S.I.CAvda.Gregorio del Amo 828040 MadridSpain

A new ferritic creep resistant steel has been developed by eliminating Nb and adding 1.5 mass % Re to a ferritic steel grade T/P23 with the aim of enhancing its mechanical properties at high *** ingots of both steels, new grade and ASTM T/P 23, were hot rolled at 900℃ and then submitted to a thermal treatment consisting of solubilization at 1050℃ and tempering at 700℃. Tempered bainitic microstructures obtained contain second phases reinforcing carbide particles, mainly M_6C and M_（23）C_6 at the boundaries of both, prior austenite grains and bainitic ferrite laths, as well as MC within the grains. Mechanical properties at temperatures ranging from 540 to 600℃ were studied by strain-ratechange tests in compression at strain rates between 10^（-7） and 10^（-4）s^（-1）. These tests showed high stress exponents（n ≥ 20） and activation energies（Q ≈ 400 k J/mol） for both alloys, which were associated with a dislocation movement mechanism with a strong interaction between dislocations and precipitates. On the other hand, a creep exponent of 5 was derived for the stress dependence of minimum creep rate from conventional-type creep tests at 600℃. Although this stress exponent is usually related to a dislocation climb controlled creep mechanism, remarkable microstructural degradation observed with increasing creep time makes difficult to elucidate the true deformation mechanism controlling creep.

关键词： Creep resistant steel T/P23 Thermal treatment Tempered bainite High temperature mechanical properties Creep

A Review of Soy-Tannin Gelling for Resins Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第1期11卷 1-25页

作者： antonio Pizzi LERMAB-ENSTIB University of Lorraine27 rue PhilippeSeguinEpinal88000France

Soy flour(SF),soy protein and soy protein isolates(SPI)have been the focus of increasing research on their application as new materials for a variety of applications,mainly for wood adhesives and other *** too have been the focus of increasing research for similar *** both materials are classed as non-toxic and have achieved interesting results the majority of the numerous and rather inventive approaches have still relied on some sort of hardeners or cross-linkers to bring either of them or even their combination to achieve acceptable *** paper after a presentation of the two materials and their characteristics concentrates on the formation of gels,gelling and even hardening in the case of soy-tannin combined *** chapter than finishes with details of the formation of resins giving suitable wood adhesive of acceptable performance by the covalent coreaction of soy protein and tannin without any other hardener,thus totally bio-sourced,non-toxic and environment friendly as a base of further advances to expect in future by these two materials combination.

关键词： Soy tannin soy-tannin coreaction gelling hardening wood

Estimating Latent Linear Correlations from Fuzzy Frequency Tables

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2024年第3期12卷 435-461页

作者： antonio Calcagnì DPSS University of PadovaVia Venezia 835031 PaduaItaly Member of the GNCS Research Group National Institute of Advanced Mathematics(INdAM)P.le Aldo Moro 500185 RomaItaly

This research concerns the estimation of latent linear or polychoric correlations from fuzzy frequency *** counts are of particular interest to many disciplines including social and behavioral sciences and are especially relevant when observed data are classified using fuzzy categories—as for socioeconomic studies,clinical evaluations,content analysis,inter-rater reliability analysis—orwhen imprecise observations are classified into either precise or imprecise categories—as for the analysis of ratings data or fuzzy-coded *** these cases,the space of count matrices is no longer defined over naturals and,consequently,the polychoric estimator cannot be used to accurately estimate latent linear *** aim of this contribution is ***,we illustrate a computational procedure based on generalized natural numbers for computing fuzzy ***,we reformulate the problem of estimating latent linear correlations from fuzzy counts in the context of expectation–maximization-based maximum likelihood estimation.A simulation study and two applications are used to investigate the characteristics of the proposed ***,the results show that the fuzzy EM-based polychoric estimator is more efficient to deal with imprecise count data as opposed to standard polychoric estimators that may be used in this context.

关键词： Fuzzy frequency Generalized natural numbers Polychoric correlations Fuzzy data analysis

Scale-Covariant Theory of Gravitation Through Self-Similarity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第5期29卷 33-36页

作者： Jose antonio Belinchon Department of Nuclear Molecular and Atomic PhysicsUniversity Complutense of MadridE-28040Spain

We study the scale-covariant theory of gravitation proposed by Canuto under the self-similar *** considering the matter collineation approach,we deduce the form of the main quantities and obtain some restrictions on the behavior of the gauge function,φ(t).We apply the obtained results to study the Bianchi I,Ⅶo,Ⅸ and Kantowsky Sachs models,and arrive at the conclusion that instead of considering a varying G theory,the solution is only valid for a particular value of the parameter of the equation of state,γ,.This leads us to obtain φ(t) =const,and by taking into account the external condition,Gφ2 =const,we may arrive at the conclusion that G=***,all the obtained solutions are the same as the ones obtained in the framework of general relativity.

关键词： const conclusion considering

Why Marginal Pricing?

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第3期11卷 693-697页

作者： antonio J.Conejo Department of Integrated Systems Engineering and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA

Under perfect competition,marginal pricing results in short-term efficiency and the subsequent right short-term price ***,the main reason for the adoption of marginal pricing is not the above,but investment cost *** is,the fact that the profits obtained by infra-marginal technologies(technologies whose production cost is below the marginal price)allow them just to recover their investment *** the other hand,if the perfect competition assumption is removed,investment over-recovery or under-recovery generally occurs for infra-marginal technologies.

关键词： Electricity market marginal pricing investment cost recovery maximum social welfare right spatial and temporal price signals

Summing Boolean Algebras

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2004年第5期20卷 949-960页

作者： antonio AIZPURU antonio GUTI■RREZ-D■VILA Departamento de Matemáticas Universidad de CádizApdo4011510-Puerto Real(Cádiz)Spain

In this paper we will study some families and subalgebras■of■(N)that let us character- ize the unconditional convergence of series through the weak convergence of subseries ∑_(i∈A)x_i,A∈(?). As a consequence,we obtain a new version of the Orlicz Pettis theorem,for Banach *** also study some relationships between algebraic properties of Boolean algebras and topological properties of the corresponding Stone spaces.

关键词： Unconditionally convergent series (weak)Summation Orlicz Pettis theorem Boolean Algebras

Integrating VGI and 2D hydraulic models into a data assimilation framework for real time flood forecasting and mapping

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2019年第4期22卷 223-236,I0001页

作者： antonio Annis Fernando Nardi Water Resources Research and Documentation Centre(WARREDOC) University for Foreigners of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(DICEA) University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Institute of Water and Environment(InWE) Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Crowdsourced data can effectively observe environmental and urban ecosystem *** use of data produced by untrained people into flood forecasting models may effectively allow Early Warning Systems(EWS)to better perform while support decision-making to reduce the fatalities and economic losses due to inundation *** this work,we develop a Data Assimilation(DA)method integrating Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI)and a 2D hydraulic model and we test its *** proposed framework seeks to extend the capabilities and performances of standard DA works,based on the use of traditional in situ sensors,by assimilating VGI while managing and taking into account the uncertainties related to the quality,and the location and timing of the entire set of observational *** November 2012 flood in the Italian Tiber River basin was selected as the case *** show improvements of the model in terms of uncertainty with a significant persistence of the model updating after the integration of the VGI,even in the case of use of few-selected observations gathered from social *** will encourage further research in the use of VGI for EWS considering the exponential increase of quality and quantity of smartphone and social media user worldwide.

关键词： Crowdsourced data VGI data assimilation(DA) flood forecasting 2D hydraulic modelling