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Prevalence of Heartburn in Abidjan, a Black African Country, and Associated Factors

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期4卷 175-180页

作者： Constant Assi Siaka Koné antonin w. ndam ndjitoyap Amadou Ouattara Laté Maw.li Law.on-Ananissoh Diallo Djenabou Stanislas Doffou Jean-Kalpy Coulibaly Christian Ebela Dramane Soro Emile Allah-Kouadio Marie-Jeanne Lohouès-Kouacou Beno?t-Mathieu Camara Division of Gastroenterology University Hospital of Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Aims: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of heartburn in Abidjan, a black African city. Patients and Methods: cross-sectional study from June 15 to September 30, 2003. One thousand nine hundred forty (1940) persons from five health zones of the city Abidjan w.re included after their informed consent. Socio demographic and clinical parameters w.re collected using a questionnaire in an interview.format. Heartburn w.s defined as a discomfort or burning sensation extending from the sternal manubrium to the base of the neck. Factors related to the complaint w.re asked such as predisposing factors, habits (tobacco, alcohol and coffee intake) and body mass index. Stepw.se multiple logistic regression analyses w.re used to examine associations betw.en these factors and heartburn. Results: Among 1940 respondents (mean age 28 ± 9 years;sex ratio (M:F) 0.86), heartburn occurred in 433 persons (once a w.ek in 9.2% of case (178 persons)). Five factors w.re statistically associated w.th heartburn: male sex (p = 0.025, OR = 0.555 [CI95% 0.331 - 0.930]), heartburn in a family member (p = 0.010, OR = 1.765 [95%CI 1.143 - 2.725]), constipation (p = 0.011, OR = 2.182 [95%CI 11,953,983]), right lateral decubitus (p = 0.001, OR = 6.247 [95%CI 2.079 - 18.775]) and after a meal (p = 0.000, OR = 2.643 [95%CI 1.594 4.383]). Conclusion: Heartburn is common in this black African population. Male sex appears to be less associated. Constipation, right lateral decubitus and after a meal are trigger factors for heartburn. Heartburn in a family member is a risk factor.

关键词： Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease Heartburn Regurgitation Abidjan Epidemiology Clinical

Factors Associated w.th Renal Impairment in Patients on Tenofovir for Chronic Hepatitis B in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 18-30页

作者： antonin w.lson ndjitoyap ndam Sonia Charlsia Ew.o Shu Mahamat Maimouna w.nnie Bekolo Nga Isabelle Dang Babagna Paul Talla Mathurin Kow. Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Gloria Enow.Ashuntantang Hepato Gastroenterologist Service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Nephrologist Service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Hepato Gastroenterologist Service Centre Medical la Cathedrale Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Tenofovir (TFV) is w.dely used to treat patients w.th hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. But kidney abnormalities are the main concern using this drug. Few.studies have described the renal impairment due to the TFV in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective w.s to evaluate factors associated w.th renal impairment observed in patients on TFV for CHB. Method: It w.s a hospital based cross sectional prospective study carried out from June 2023 to July 2023 in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and included any patient treated w.th TFV for CHB during at least a period of 6 months. For each participant, w. collected in the medical report socio-demographic data, clinical data, baseline creatinine, treatment information (type of TFV w.ich w.s Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) or Alafenamide (TAF), duration). Then, w. collected blood samples to measure serum creatinine and phosphate levels and urine dipstick analysis. Factors associated w.th renal impairment w.re assessed w.th the Odds Ratio. A p value of Results: A total of 60 participants w.re included. The median age w.s 44 years [36-55] and median duration of TFV therapy w.s 17.5 months [11.7-25.7]. The prevalence of reduced eGFR (Conclusion: Kidney function w.s impaired in some patients receiving TFV for CHB. It should be monitored, particularly after 36 months and for those receiving TDF prodrug.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B Tenofovir Factors Associated Renal Impairment Cameroon

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Associated Factors in the Garoua Central Prison, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期14卷 174-183页

作者： Mohamadou Abdou Galdima Adamou Dodo Balkissou Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa w.nnie Tatiana Bekolo Nga Gilles Aghoagni antonin w.lson ndjitoyap ndam Ali Abas Mathurin Pierre Kow. Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Dominique Noah Noah Oudou Njoya Servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Garoua Regional Hospital Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty de Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in Cameroon. Garoua city is the headquarters of the North Region of Cameroon, w.ere the HBV prevalence is among the highest of the country. The aim of this study w.s to determine the prevalence of HBsAg carriage and associated factors among persons incarcerated in the Garoua Central Prison. Methods: It w.s a cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2023 at the Garoua Central prison. w. included all prisoners w.lling to participate in the study and w.o gave their verbal consent. w. collected data using a pre-established data entry form and w. used rapid test for blood screening for HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag) w.th ELISA confirmation. Data w.re analyzed using the R® softw.re for w.ndow.. After the univariate analysis, w. selected associated variables to HBV infection w.th p-value p-value w.s set at 5%. Results: w. included 1389 prisoners out of w.ich 97.6% w.re male. The median age (IQR) of the study population w.s 28 (23 - 35) years. The median (IQR) duration of incarceration w.s 12 (6 - 26) months and the mean (±sd) number of incarcerations w.s 1.24 (±0.6). HBV prevalence w.s estimated at 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0 - 16.7). Upon uni- and multivariate analysis, no risk factor w.s significantly associated w.th viral hepatitis B infection in our study population. Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B w.s high in the Garoua Central Prison, but there w.re no additional risk factors for HBV infection. There is a need to include the Garoua Central Prison and by the w.y other prisons in the country in the chronic viral hepatitis care program.

关键词： Hepatitis B Prison Associated factors Cameroon

A Budd-Chiari Syndrome Due to C Protein Deficiency: A Case Report at Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon)

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Factors Associated w.th Renal Impairment in Patients on Tenofovir for Chronic Hepatitis B in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

Open Journal of Gastroenterology（肠胃病学期刊） 2024年第4期 117页

作者： antonin w.lson ndjitoyap ndam Gilles Gael Aghoagni Gouajio Armel Aw.na Tenone Danah Larry Tangie Ngek Mathurin Kow. Firmin Andoulo Ankouane Elie Claude ndjitoyap ndam

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Associated Factors in the Garoua Central Prison,Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

Open Journal of Gastroenterology（肠胃病学期刊） 2024年第1期

作者： antonin w.lson ndjitoyap ndam Sonia Charlsia Ew.o Shu Mahamat Maimouna w.nnie Bekolo Nga Isabelle Dang Babagna Paul Talla Mathurin Kow. Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Gloria Enow.Ashuntantang

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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection and Factors Associated in HIV Infected Patients in Yaoundé(Cameroon)

Open Journal of Gastroenterology（肠胃病学期刊） 2024年第5期 174页

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第7期10卷 181-186页

作者： antonin w.lson ndjitoyap ndam Ousmanou Nsangou Mbombo Njoya Richard Njouom Mathurin Kow. Serge Clotaire Billong Firmin Ankouane Oudou Njoya Elie Claude ndjitoyap ndam Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Pasteur Center of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon

The Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection is one of the main causes of acute viral hepatitis. This affection is generally asymptomatic and benign. Its incidence is elevated in sub Saharan Africa. In Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients, the HEV can cause chronic hepatitis with risks of cirrhosis and cancer. Assessing the prevalence and risk factors of an HEV infection in people living with HIV can help to prevent the transmission and the onset of their complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of HEV markers and associated factors among HIV infected patients in Yaoundé (Cameroon). Ninety HIV infected patients were included in this study, with 29 men (32.2%) and 61 women (67.8%). The mean age was 46 ± 11.4 years old (21 - 74). The prevalence of HEV serological markers was 6.7% and 12.2% for immunoglobulins (IgG) and IgM respectively. Both IgG and IgM were positive for 2 patients (2.2%), while 15 patients (16.7%) had at least one immunoglobin positive. The consumption of well water and porcine foods was found to be associated with the presence of IgM HEV antibodies. There was no association between CD4 count, viral load and the presence of HEV serological markers.

关键词： Seroprevalence Hepatitis E HIV Associated Factors Yaoundé

Factors Associated w.th Antibody Levels among Children Aged 15 to 59 Months Vaccinated against Hepatitis B during the Expanded Program on Immunization in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第2期13卷 91-98页

作者： antonin w.lson ndjitoyap ndam Alpha Hamed Béchir ndam Mefire w.nnie Bekolo Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa Suzanne Ngo Um Sap Paul Koki Ndombo Elie Claude ndjitoyap ndam Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroun Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: the hepatitis B virus infection remains a major public health problem w.rldw.de. It can lead to a liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The w.rld Health Organisation (w.O) has recommended the implementation of generalised vaccination programs against hepatitis B. In Cameroon, this vaccine w.s introduced in the expanded program on immunization (EPI) in 2005, but few.studies have assessed the immune response. Objective: the general objective of this study w.s to identify factors associated w.th antibody levels among children aged from 15 to 59 months vaccinated against hepatitis B during the EPI in Cameroon. Method: this w.s a cross-sectional study carried out from December 2021 to June 2022 in a paediatric centre of Yaoundé (Cameroon). w. analysed the antibody level in children vaccinated against hepatitis B w.thin the framew.rk of the EPI. w. enrolled children w.o had received a series of 3 intramuscular doses of hepatitis B vaccine at 6, 10 and 14 w.eks after birth. Some children could receive a 4th booster dose betw.en 12 months. The antibody level w.s assessed by measuring the anti-HBs in such children, aged 15 - 59 months. A good immunization w.s defined as a serum level of anti-HBs antibody level above 100 IU/mL;a poor immunization, for an anti-HBs antibody level betw.en 10 and 100 IU/mL;and a non-immunization, for an anti-HBs antibody level w.en explored factors and poor or non-immunization w.s evaluated through the Chi square test. The significance threshold w.s defined at p w.re included in the study w.th a slight female majority: 31 cases (52%). The average age w.s 38.5 ± 15.7 months (range 15 - 59 months). w. found 32 (53%) cases of good immunization;21 (35%) of poor immunization;and 7 children (12%) w.th a non-immunization. The only factor associated w.th poor or non-immunization w.s the age betw.en 37 - 59 months (p = 0.016). Conclusion: Anti HBs Antibody levels

关键词： Hepatitis B Vaccination Children Antibody Levels Immunization Cameroon

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and Associated Risk Factors among Inmates at New.Bell Prison, Douala, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第2期9卷 119-128页

作者： Mathurin Pierre Kow. Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Larry Tangie Ngek Daniel Tchamdeu Sizimboue antonin ndjitoyap ndam Buno Ela Ondo Servais Eloumou Bagnaka Rocard Djanteng Elie-Claude ndjitoyap ndam Oudou Njoya Department on Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Université des Montagnes Banganté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Medical Center New Bell Prison Douala Cameroon

Although a high prevalence of HCV infection in correctional facilities has been w.ll reported in several countries around the w.rld, there has been no such data from Cameroon. The aim of this study w.s to determine the prevalence and factors associated w.th viral hepatitis C seropositivity among prisoners incarcerated at the New.Bell Central Prison in Douala. From the 2nd to the 27th of July 2018, 940 inmates selected using a systematic random sampling method w.re interview.d to collect data on sociodemographic status, duration of incarceration, number of incarcerations and risk factors for HCV transmission. Blood samples w.re collected for screening of anti-HCV antibodies via HEPA-SCAN HCV CARD Test. Positive samples had a confirmatory ELISA test. Data w.re analysed using EPI DATA 4.***.0.0 softw.re. Statistical significance w.s set at a p w.re males. The mean age of the study population w.s 33.81 ± 10.35 years (extremes: 14 and 74 years). HCV prevalence w.s 4.4% (40). The use of non-injectable illicit drugs (OR 2.87 95% CI 1.44 - 5.73) (p = 0.002) but not injectable illicit drugs (OR 1.91 95% CI 0.43 - 8.41) (p = 0.42), male homosexuality (OR 17.45 95% CI 7.58 - 40.13) (p w.re significantly associated w.th HCV antibodies positivity. Inmates in New.Bell Central Prison accumulate risk factors for viral hepatitis C, thus contributing to the high prevalence in this setting. Control strategies and programs that reach this particular population should urgently be implemented.

关键词： Prevalence Risks factors Hepatitis C Prisoners