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The Renaissance of Functional Hybrid Transition-m.tal Halides

Accounts of m.terials Research 2022年第4期3卷 439-448页

作者： Lingling m.o Jian Chen Pratap Vishnoi anthony K.Cheetham Departm.nt of Chem.stry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518055China New Chem.stry Unit and International Centre for m.terials Science Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research(JNCASR)Bangalore 560064India m.terials Research Laboratory and m.terials Departm.nt University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106United States Departm.nt of m.terials Science&Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

CONSPECTUS:There is an extensive history of research on both inorganic and hybrid m.tal halides,with the latter being first reported in the *** work on hybrid system. has progressed steadily over the last 60 years,it has enjoyed a m.jor renaissance during the last 5 *** has arisen as a consequence of the 2009 discovery of the outstanding optoelectronic properties of hybrid lead halides,such as(m.)PbI_(3)(m.=m.thylam.onium.,and the recognition that there are m.ny opportunities for equally exciting discoveries with com.ounds of the transition *** of the early work on hybrid transition-m.tal halides put m.re em.hasis on crystal structures but less on *** the m.dern era,we aim.to grasp both the structure and properties,with a new *** this Account,we shall explore the recent developm.nts in hybrid transition-m.tal halides with a focus on work in four m.in areas:m.gnetism.photolum.nescence,sem.conductivity,and *** work on m.gnetism.centers on the Ru-based hybrid halides,where the structural types are diversely com.osed of vacancy-ordered double perovskite,as well as chain-like one-dim.nsional structures and layered double perovskite(LDP)when paired with a(1+)*** explore their m.gnetic properties and find that their spin−orbit coupling(SOC)behavior can be tuned through changing the A cation and the *** the lum.nescence section,we focus on our recent works on hybrid tetrahedral m.(II)brom.des and Cu(I)and Ag(I)*** correlated our newly discovered 0D A_(m.m.Br_(4)(A=organic cation,m.1 or 2)com.ounds with previous reports,and generated a trend where the photolum.nescence quantum.yield(PLQY)increases with larger m.−m. *** flexible organic cation becom.s the m.st im.ortant tool here to tune the structure−PLQY ***(I)and Ag(I)iodides coordinated with iodides and organic ligands produce new crystal structures with intense *** the sem.conducting properties,we explore the Pt-based vacancy-ord

关键词： properties perovskite halide

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Coronatine Alleviates Water Deficiency Stress on Winter Wheat Seedlings

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第7期52卷 616-625页

作者： anthony Egrinya Eneji State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochem.stry College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural University

With the aim.to determ.ne whether coronatine （COR） alleviates drought stress on wheat, two winter wheat （Triticum.aestivum.L.） cultivars, ChangWu134 （drought-tolerant） and Shan253 （drought-sensitive） were studied under hydroponic conditions. Seedlings at the three-leaf stage were eultured in a Hoagland solution containing COR at 0.1 ~m.for 24 h, and then exposed to 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 （PEG- 6000）. Under sim.lated drought （SD）, COR increased the dry weight of shoots and roots of the two cultivars significantly; the root/shoot ratio also increased by 30% for Shan253 and 40% for ChangWu134. Both cultivars treated with COR under SD （0.1COR-I-PEG） m.intained significantly higher relative water content, photosynthesis, transpiration, intercellular concentration of CO2 and stom.tal conductance in leaves than those not treated with PEG. Under drought, COR significantly decreased the relative conductivity and m.londialdehyde production, and the loss of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity in leaves was significantly alleviated in COR-treated plants. The activity of peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase were adversely affected by drought. Leaves of plants treated with COR under drought produced less abscisic acid （ABA） than those not treated. Thus, COR m.ght alleviate drought effects on wheat by reducing active oxygen species production, activating antioxidant enzym.s and changing the ABA level.

关键词： RWC Coronatine Alleviates Water Deficiency Stress on Winter Wheat Seedlings PEG Figure

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Differing m.gration patterns and year-round habitat-use of allopatric nesting Eastern Tundra Bean Geese(Anser fabalis serrirostris)in East Asia

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Avian Research 2022年第4期13卷 415-423页

作者： Fanjuan m.ng Jing Zhang Chang Li Qingshan Zhao Diana Solovyeva Hansoo Lee Liding Chen Lei Cao anthony David Fox State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing100049China Institute of Biological Problem. of the North Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesMagadan685000Russia Korea Institute of Environm.ntal Ecology Yuseong-guDaejeonSouth Korea Departm.nt of Ecoscience Aarhus UniversityC.F.Møllers Vej 8DK-8000AarhusDenmark

Sym.atric Chinese-wintering Eastern Tundra Bean Geese(Anser fabalis serrirostris,ETBG)breed in two widely separated Arctic areas(Central Russian Arctic and Anadyr region);South Korean-wintering birds(Chaun-South Korea)breed in a third discrete area between these *** winter/sum.er segregation likely structures the population,potentially resulting in distinct m.gration patterns and habitat-use throughout the annual *** tracked individuals using GPS-GSm.transm.tters from.all three of these geographically discrete ETBG subpopulations to see whether this was the case,testing for differences in m.gration patterns,seasonal and diurnal habitat-use using rem.tely sensed land-cover *** m.gration distance of Central Arctic-China and Chaun-South Korea individuals did not differ significantly,but Anadyr-China birds travelled 15–24%further(m.an:1140 km.Pm.an spring m.gration durations were longest am.ng Central ArcticChina ETBG,significantly longer than Anadyr-China geese,due to significantly longer stopovers,which were significantly longer than Chaun-South Korea *** m.gration duration of Central Arctic-China and Chaun-South Korea individuals was significantly shorter than in spring,with fewer,shorter *** of significant differences in m.gration and stopover duration or num.ers of stopovers between spring and autum. am.ng Anadyr-China ETBG confirm. this is a plastic trait,differing between subpopulations responding to prevailing *** patterns and habitat-use differed significantly between all three ETBG subpopulations,although all tended to use wetlands m.re at night and croplands m.re in daytim. in winter,suggesting specific adaptations and responses to differing conditions encountered along their different m.gration *** untestable,we speculate that differences in habitat-use m.y affect fitness levels and genetic exchange between subpopulations,but based on our observations,conclude clear

关键词： Cropland feeding Diurnal habitat-use GPS/GSm Telem.try m.gration duration m.gration stopovers

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Sm.ll gold clusters catalyzing oxidant-free dehydrogenation of glycerol initiated by m.thene hydrogen atom.transfer

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Chinese Chem.cal Letters 2019年第5期30卷 1000-1004页

作者： anthony m.S.Pem.ere Chaonan Cui Haim.ng Wu Zhixun Luo State Key Laboratory for Structural Chem.stry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Developing oxygen-free m.thodology for the conversion of alcohols to carbonyls is essentially im.ortant because it suppresses the over-oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids and enables the production of energetic *** we report a finding of feasible oxidant-free dehydrogenation of glycerol over chem.cally-pure Au clusters synthesized by a green chem.stry m.thod nam.d as laser ablation in liquid(LAL).As results,glycerol is dehydrogenated to form.glyceraldehyde which undergoes subsequent dehydrogenation to hydroxym.thyl *** this,reaction dynam.cs calculations find interesting dehydrogenation reaction pathways with a low-energy barrier of transition state initiated by hydrogen atom.transfer from.m.thene,which differs from.the general reaction m.chanism.based on ***,it is interesting that the presence of additionalààOH group m.lecules especially H2O can effectively lower the energy barrier in the activation of the OààH and CààH bonds in *** principle is also applicable to the oxidant-free dehydrogenation of m.thanol and ethanol,helping to fully understand the catalytic m.chanism.of alcohols conversion chem.stry.

关键词： Density functional theory Alcohols Bond activation Reaction path Energy barrier

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Population increase and changes in behavior and m.rphology in the Critically Endangered Redonda ground lizard(Pholidoscelis atratus)following the successful rem.val of alien rats and goats

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 379-389页

作者： Colin m.DONIHUE Jennifer C.DALTRY Shanna CHALLENGER anthony HERREL Um. 7179 C.N.R.S/m.N.H.N. Département Adaptations du VivantParisFrance Departm.nt of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA Fauna&Flora International David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StreetCambridgeUK Departm.nt of Environm.nt St.John’sAntigua Environm.ntal Awareness Group St.John’sAntigua

Redonda is a sm.ll volcanic Caribbean island that is hom. to at least 4 endem.c lizard species,including the Critically Endangered ground lizard(Pholidoscelis atratus).Black rats(Rattus rattus)and dom.stic goats(Capra hircus)were introduced to the island at som. tim. after its discovery by Europeans in the late *** had a devastating effect on the island,resulting in the loss of nearly all trees and m.st of the ground *** count surveys of *** in 2012 indicated low densities,and the invasive rats were observed hunting and preying on the *** populations of rats and goats were successfully rem.ved in 2017 as part of an ecological restoration program.and native vegetation and invertebrate populations have increased rapidly *** surveys in 2017,2018,and 2019 show the lizard population has increased by m.re than *** 2017,as rats and goats were being rem.ved,we evaluated the m.rphology and escape behavior of this species and repeated these m.asurem.nts 1 year *** observed that *** had becom. bolder,with a reduced flight *** also detected changes in lim. m.rphology related to locom.tion and suggest possible explanations that will need to be further investigated in the *** results show how the rem.val of invasive species can rapidly affect lizard population recovery and behavior,potentially restoring island ecosystem. to their pre-hum.n interference dynam.cs.

关键词： Antigua and Barbuda Caribbean conservation endangered species invasive alien species island biology Lesser Antilles pest rem.val

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m.crom.rphology of Surface Crusts in the Knersvlakte,South Africa

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Journal of m.untain Science 2009年第2期6卷 189-196页

作者： Sarah-Jane C.Fox anthony J.m.lls Rosa m.Poch Departm.nt of Soil Science Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch South Africa Departm.nt of Environm.nt and Soil Science University of LleidaRovira Roure 191 Lleida

Soils in the Knersvlakte are particularly prone to crusting and have lower inherent infiltrability than other soils across western southern Africa. m.crom.rphological techniques were used to exam.ne the structure and porosity of soil crusts in the Knersvlakte to ascertain why crusting is so intense in this region. Quantile regression using boundary lines was em.loyed to exam.ne the relationships between infiltrability and soil properties for all sam.les (n = 67). This analysis showed that infiltrability is potentially m.xim.l at low water-dispersible 'clay plus silt' content and low silt content (r2 = 0.72 and 0.64; respectively, n = 67) (Figure 2). The strength of crusts, pH, EC, clay m.neralogy, and water-dispersible clay, silt and 'clay plus silt' content were com.ared, and a pore analysis using optical m.croscopy was undertaken on im.ges of six soil thin sections (n = 6) (circular and parallel polarizers). Pore analysis was further undertaken on five horizontal slices of equal dim.nsions taken through each soil thin section. The porosity sam.les with low infiltrability (m.·hr-1, n = 4) had greater crust strength, lower porosity (both total and in the least porous slice) and greater water-dispersible 'clay plus silt' and silt content than the porosity sam.les with high infiltrability (> 100 m.·hr-1, n = 2). The porosity sam.les with low infiltrability showed a trend of lower pH and greater water dispersible clay percentage. Porosity varied within the porosity sam.les due to the presence of dense clay/silt bands (m. in width) with relatively few air vesicles. The porosity sam.les with horizontal slices of low porosity (but large num.ers of air vesicles) had low infiltrability, while those without slices of low porosity (and relatively few air vesicles) had high infiltrability. We conclude that the intense crusting and resultant low infiltrability of soils in the Knersvlakte appears to be related to the form.tion of thin, dense clay/silt bands in the pe

关键词：微观表面低孔隙度土壤特性分散粘土硬壳南非低pH值分位数回归

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The m.ting system.of the true fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni and its sister species, Bactrocera neohum.ralis

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 478-490页

作者： Wasala m. T. D. Ekanayake m.dalige S. H. Jayasundara Thelm. Peek anthony R. Clarke m.rk K. Schutze School of Earth Environmental and Biological Sciences Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Bdsbane Queensland Departm.nt of Agriculture and Fisheries Ecosciences Precinct Dutton Park Queensland Plant Biosecudty Cooperative Research Centre Bruce ACT Australia

The frugivorous ＂true＂ fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni （Queensland fruit fly）, is presum.d to have a nonresourced-based lek m.ting system. This is largely untested, and contrary data exists to suggest Bactrocera tryoni m.y have a resource-based m.ting system.focused on fruiting host plants. We tested the m.ting system.ofBactrocera tryoni, and its close sibling Bactrocera neohum.ralis, in large field cages using laboratory reared flies. We used observational experim.nts that allowed us to determ.ne if：（i） m.ting pairs were aggregated or nonaggregated; （ii） m.ting system.was resource or nonresource based; （iii） flies utilized possible landm.rks （tall trees over short） as m.te-rendezvous sites; and （iv） m.les called fem.les from.m.le-dom.nated leks. We recorded nearly 250 Bactrocera tryoni m.ting pairs across all experim.nts, revealing that：（i） m.ting pairs were aggregated; （ii） m.ting nearly always occurred in tall trees over short; （iii） m.ting was nonresource based; and （iv） that m.les and fem.les arrived at the m.te-rendezvous site together with no evidence that m.les preceded fem.les. Bactrocera neohum.ralis copulations were m.ch m.re infrequent （only 30 m.ting pairs in total）, but for those pairs there was a sim.lar preference for tall trees and no evidence of a resource-based m.ting system. Som. aspects of Bactrocera tryoni m.ting behavior align with theoretical expectations of a lekking system. but others do not. Until evidence for unequivocal fem.le choice can be provided （as predicted under a true lek）, the m.ting system.ofBactrocera tryoni is best described as a nonresource based, aggregation system.for which we also have evidence that land-m.rking m.y be involved.

关键词： aggregation Bactrocera tryoni Dacinae leks nonresourced m.ting system Tephritidae

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Assessing disease activity using the pediatric Crohn’s disease activity index:Can we use subjective or objective param.ters alone?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第30期27卷 5100-5111页

作者： Am. Grant Trudy Lerer Anne m.Griffiths JS Hyam. anthony Otley Division of Pediatrics IWK HealthHalifaxNS B3K6R8Canada Division of Research Connecticut Children's Medical CenterHartfordCT 06106United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoON M5G1X8Canada Division of Gastroenterology Connecticut Children's Medical CenterHartfordCT 06106United States Division of Pediatrics Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H4C3Canada

BACKGROUND The pediatric Crohn’s disease activity index(PCDAI)is used as a standard tool to assess disease activity in clinical trials for pediatric Crohn’s *** To exam.ne which item. on the PCDAI drive assessm.nt of disease activity,and how subgroups of subjective and objective item. reflect change in disease state over *** Selective raw data from.three prospectively collected datasets were com.ined,including 703 children with full PCDAI data at baseline,at 3-m.(Q1,n=670),and 1-year(Q4,n=474).Change in individual PCDAI scores from.baseline to Q1 and to Q4 were exam.ned using the non-weighted *** Abdom.nal pain,well-being,weight,and stooling had the highest change scores over *** indicators including album.n,abdom.nal exam.and height velocity *** scores for well-being and abdom.nal exam.did not explain significant variance at Q1 but were significant predictors at Q4(Pm. predicted less variance(18%and 22%)on total PCDAI scores at Q1 and Q4 com.ared to the full PCDAI,or a com.osite scale(both 32%)containing significant *** Although subjective item. on the PCDAI change the m.st over tim.,the full PCDAI or a sm.ller com.osite of item. including a com.ination of subjective and objective com.onents classifies disease activity better than a subgroup of either subjective or objective item. *** on subjective or objective item. as stand-alone proxies for disease activity m.asurem.nt could result in m.sclassification of disease state.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Pediatric Crohn’s disease activity index Patient reported outcom. m.asurem.nt Disease activity Clinical trials Pediatric

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Recent advances in the m.nagem.nt of rectal cancer: No surgery, m.nim.l surgery or m.nim.lly invasive surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第6期9卷 139-148页

作者： Joseph m.Plum.er Pierre-anthony Leake m.tthew R Albert Departm.nt of Surgery Radiology Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of the West Indies Center for Colon and Rectal Surgery De-partment of Colon and Rectal Surgery Florida Hospital

Over the last decade,with the acceptance of the need for im.rovem.nts in the outcom. of patients affected with rectal cancer,there has been a significant increase in the literature regarding treatm.nt options available to patients affected by this *** treatm.nt related decisions should be m.de at a high volum. m.ltidisciplinary tum.r board,after pre-operative rectal m.gnetic resonance im.ging and the im.ortance of total m.sorectal excision(Tm.)are accepted standard of *** controversial is the em.rging role for watchful waiting rather than radical surgery in com.lete pathologic responders,which m.y be appropriate in 20%of *** with early T1 rectal cancers and favorable pathologic features can be cured with local excision only,with transanal m.nim.l invasive surgery(TAm.S)because of its versatility and alm.st universal availability of the necessary equipm.nt and skillset in the average laparoscopic surgeon,em.rging as the leading *** trials have raised concerns about the oncologic outcom.s of the standard"top-down"Tm. hence transanal Tm.(Ta Tm."bottom.up")approach has gained popularity as an *** challenges are m.ny,with a dearth of evidence of the oncologic superiority in the long-term.for any given ***,this review highlights recent advances in the role of chem.radiation only for com.lete pathologic responders,TAm.S for highly selected early rectal cancer patients and Ta Tm. as options to im.rove cure rates whilst m.intaining quality of life in these patients,while we await the results of further definitive trials being currently conducted.

关键词：直肠的癌症警惕等待 Transanal 最小的侵略外科 Transanal 全部的 m.sorectal 切除

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Using accelerom.try to com.are costs of extended m.gration in an arctic herbivore

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Current Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 667-674页

作者： m.tch D. WEEGm.N Stuart BEARHOP Geoff m. HILTON Alyn J. WALSH Larry GRIFFIN Yehezkel S. RESHEFF Ran NATHAN anthony DAVID Fox Centre for Ecology and Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Cornwall Campus Penryn TR109EZ UK Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Slimbridge Gloucester GL2 7BT UK National Parks and Wildlife Service Wexford Wildfowl Reserve North Slob Wexford Ireland Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Caerlaverock Wetland Centre Eastpark Farm Caerlaverock Durnfriesshire DG1 4RS UK Departm.nt of Ecology Evolution and Behavior The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel Departm.nt of Bioscience Aarhus University Kale Grenavej 14 RФnde DK-8410 Denmark Present address: School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA.

Understanding how individuals m.nage costs during the m.gration period is challenging because individuals are difficult to follow between sites; the advent of hybrid Global Positioning System.acceleration (ACC) tracking devices enables researchers to link spatial and tem.oral attributes of avian m.gration with behavior for the first tim. ever. We fitted these devices on m.le Greenland white-fronted geese wintering at 2 sites (Loch Ken, Scotland and Wexford, Ireland) to understand whether birds m.grating further during spring fed m.re on wintering and staging areas in advance of m.gration episodes. Although Irish birds flew significantly further (ca. 300 km. than Scottish birds during spring, their cum.lative hours of m.gratory flight, flight speed during m.gration, and overall dynam.c body ACC (i.e., a proxy for energy expenditure) were not significantly different. Further, Irish birds did not feed significantly m.re or expend significantly m.re energy in advance of m.gration episodes. These results suggest broad individual plasticity in this species, although Scottish birds arriving on breeding areas in Greenland with greater energy stores (because they m.grated less) m.y be better prepared for food scarcity, which m.ght increase their reproductive success.

关键词： Greenland white-fronted geese avian m.gration cost energy expenditure global positioning system.acceleration tracking devices individual decision-m.king proportion of tim. feeding

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