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Combining spatial modelling and radar to identify and protect avian migratory hot-spots

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 680-691页

作者： Mark DESHOLM Rashpal gill Thomas BOVITH anthony D. FOX Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Kalo Grenavej 14 8410 Ronde Denmark BirdLife Denmark Vesterbrogade 140 1620 Copenhagen V Denmark Research Department Danish Meteorological Institute Lyngbyvej 100 2100 Copenhagen O Denmark

Migrating landbirds are known to follow coast lines and concentrate on peninsulas prior to crossing water bodies, es- pecially during daylight but also at night, creating enhanced potential collision hazards with man-made objects. Knowing where these avian migration ＂hot-spots＂ occur in time and space is vital to improve flight safety and inform the spatial planning process （e.g. environmental assessments for offshore windfarms）. We developed a simple spatial model to identify avian migration hot- spots in coastal areas based on prevailing migration orientation and coastline features known, from visual and radar observations, to concentrate migrating landbirds around land masses. Regional scale model validation was achieved by combining nocturnal passerine movement data gathered from two tier radar coverage （long-range dual-polarization Doppler weather radar and short- range marine surveillance radar） and standardised bird ringing. Applied on a national scale, the model correctly identified the ten most important Danish coastal hot-spots for spring migrants and predicted the relative numbers of birds that concentrated at each site. These bird numbers corresponded well with historical observational data. Here, we provide a potential framework for the es- tablishment of the first three-dimensional avian airspace sanctuaries, which could contribute to more effective conservation of long-distance migratory birds [Current Zoology 60 （5）： 680-691, 2014].

关键词： Radar ornithology Migration Orientation Conservation Spatial model

Ampullary cancer of intestinal origin and duodenal cancer-A logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup in periampullary cancer

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第10期9卷 407-415页

作者： Manju D Chandrasegaram anthony j.gill jas Samra Tim Price john Chen jonathan Fawcett Neil D Merrett the Prince Charles Hospital School of Medicine University of Queensland Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group Kolling Institute of Medical Research Royal North Shore Hospital Department of Surgery Royal North Shore Hospital Queen Elizabeth Hospital University of Adelaide Flinders Medical Centre Royal Adelaide Hospital Princess Alexandra Hospital Department of Upper GI Surgery Bankstown Hospital Discipline of Surgery Western Sydney University

Periampullary cancers include pancreatic, ampullary, biliary and duodenal cancers. At presentation, the majority of periampullary tumours have grown to involve the pancreas, bile duct, ampulla and duodenum. This can result in difficulty in defining the primary site of origin in all but the smallest tumors due to anatomical proximity and architectural distortion. This has led to variation in the reported proportions of resected periampullary cancers. Pancreatic cancer is the most common cancer resected with a pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by ampullary(16%-50%), bile duct(5%-39%), and duodenal cancer(3%-17%). Patients with resected duodenal and ampullary cancers have a better reported median survival(29-47 mo and 22-54 mo) compared to pancreatic cancer(13-19 mo). The poorer survival with pancreatic cancer relates to differences in tumour characteristics such as a higher incidence of nodal, neural and vascular invasion. While small ampullary cancers can present early with biliary obstruction, pancreatic cancers need to reach a certain size before biliary obstruction ensues. This larger size at presentation contributes to a higher incidence of resection margin involvement in pancreatic cancer. Ampullary cancers can be subdivided into intestinal or pancreatobiliary subtype cancers with histomolecular staining. This avoids relying on histomorphology alone, as even some poorly differentiated cancers preserve the histomolecular profile of their mucosa of origin. Histomolecular profiling is superior to anatomic location in prognosticating survival. Ampullary cancers of intestinal subtype and duodenal cancers are similar in their intestinal origin and form a logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup of periampullary cancers. They respond to 5-FU based chemotherapeutic regimens such as capecitabine-oxaliplatin. Unlike pancreatic cancers, KRAS mutation occurs in only approximately a third of ampullary and duodenal cancers. Future clinical trials should group ampullary cancer

关键词： Periampullary cancer Pancreatobiliary subtype Intestinal subtype Ampullary cancer Duodenal cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor Pancreatic cancer Chemotherapy Pancreaticoduodenectomy KRAS

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俯冲带的岩浆成因

世界地质 1993年第1期 100-101页

作者： j.gill 郝银全

地幔的楔状岩体和俯冲的岩石圈是改造地壳和上地幔的重要组成部分。尽管火山弧和弧后的岩浆作用不足于行星熔化物的5％,但是这些岩浆作用在地壳和地幔演化中占绝对优势。相反地,大部分俯冲带水和沉积物通过这些地带返回到深地幔中。虽... 详细信息

地幔的楔状岩体和俯冲的岩石圈是改造地壳和上地幔的重要组成部分。尽管火山弧和弧后的岩浆作用不足于行星熔化物的5％,但是这些岩浆作用在地壳和地幔演化中占绝对优势。相反地,大部分俯冲带水和沉积物通过这些地带返回到深地幔中。虽然人们一致认为岛弧岩浆在地幔楔状岩体中占95％的优势(侵人厚地壳的地幔楔

关键词：俯冲带岩体地壳地球外壳地球内部岛弧岩浆岩浆作用地质作用岩石圈构造圈

Reflections on the past, present and future of condensed matter physics

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Science Bulletin 2018年第16期63卷 1019-1022页

作者： anthony j. Leggett Department of Physics University of lUinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801-3003 USA Shanghai Center for Complex Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

I will not go into the history of how I come to be giving a talk with this preposterously pretentious ***,a couple of general comments before I start:first,I am a‘‘pure"rather than an applied physicist,and I am afraid that my talk will give rather short shrift to the applied side of condensed matter physics(CMP),which of course has been hugely important over the

关键词：物理学家压缩礼品试验性应用

Foreword： varicocele - unraveling the enigma

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Asian journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 159-160页

作者： anthony j Thomas Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of CaseWestern University Cleveland Ohio USA.

It was more than 40 years ago, as a first-year Urology resident, that I performed my first varicocele ligation （a palomo procedure under the watchful eye and able hands of my staff physician. I dutifully read all I could the night before the procedure and became familiar with the names of Barfield, Macomber and Sanders, Tulloch, MacLeod, Ivanissevich, Palomo, Amelar and Dubin and others who had written about varicoceles being associated with abnormal semen parameters and a potentially surgically correctable cause of male infertility.

关键词： Foreword varicocele - unraveling the enigma

SIMULTANEOUS SAXS/WAXS/DSC STUDIES ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF CONVENTIONAL AND METALLOCENE-BASED ETHYLENE-BUTENE COPOLYMERS

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2004年第3期22卷 279-287页

作者：徐君庭 anthony j. Ryan Department of Polymer Science & Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Chemistry Department The University of Sheffield Sheffield S3 7HF UK

The fractions of one metallocene-based (mPE) and one conventional (znPE) ethylene-butene copolymer eluted at from temperature rising elution fractionation were selected for DSC and time-resolved small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) characterization. The DSC and WAXS results show that two crystal structures exist in both mPE and znPE: structure A with higher melting temperature and structure B with lower melting temperature. It was found that original znPE (s-znPE) contains more highly ordered structure A than original mPE (s-mPE) in spite of the higher comonomer content of znPE. Another structure C is also identified because of higher crystallinity measured by WAXS than by DSC and is attributed to the interfacial region. The SAXS data were analyzed with correlation function and two maxima were observed in s-mPE and s-znPE, in agreement with the conclusion of two crystal populations drawn from DSC and WAXS results. These two crystal populations have close long periods in s-mPE, but very different long periods in s-znPE. In contrast, freshly crystallized mPE and znPE (f-mPE and f-znPE) contain only a single crystal population with a broader distribution of long period

关键词： SAXS WAXS Microstructure Metallocene Ethylene-butene copolymer

Water-Extractable Carbon Pools and Microbial Biomass Carbon in Sodic Water-Irrigated Soils Amended with Gypsum and Organic Manures

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Pedosphere 2013年第1期23卷 88-97页

作者： O.P.CHOUDHARY j.K.gill BIjAY-SINGH Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University School of Earth and Environment University of Western Australia

Microbial biomass carbon (MBC), a small fraction of soil organic matter, has a rapid turnover rate and is a reservoir of labile nutrients. The water-extractable carbon pools provide a fairly good estimate of labile C present in soil and can be easily quantified. Changes in soil MBC and water-extractable organic carbon pools were studied in a 14-year long-term experiment in plots of rice-wheat rotation irrigated with canal water (CW), sodic water (SW, 10-12.5 mmol c L-1 residual sodium carbonate), and SW amended with gypsum with or without application of organic amendments including farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS). Irrigation with SW increased soil exchangeable sodium percentage by more than 13 times compared to irrigation with CW. Sodic water irrigation significantly decreased hot water-extractable organic carbon (HWOC) from 330 to 286 mg kg-1 soil and cold water-extractable organic carbon (CWOC) from 53 to 22 mg kg-1 soil in the top 0-7.5 cm soil layer. In the lower soil layer (7.5-15 cm), reduction in HWOC was not significant. Application of gypsum alone resulted in a decrease in HWOC in the SW plots, whereas an increase was recorded in the SW plots with application of both gypsum and organic amendments in both the soil layers. Nevertheless, application of gypsum and organic amendments increased the mean CWOC as compared with application of gypsum alone. CWOC was significantly correlated with MBC but did not truly reflect the changes in MBC in the treatments with gypsum and organic amendments applied. For the treatments without organic amendments, HWOC was negatively correlated with MBC (r = 0.57*) in the 0-7.5 cm soil layer, whereas for the treatments with organic amendments, both were positively correlated. Irrigation with SW significantly reduced the rice yield by 3 t ha-1 and the yield of rice and wheat by 5 t ha-1 as compared to irrigation with canal water. Application of amendments significantly increased rice and wheat yields.

关键词： cold water exchangeable sodium percentage hot water organic carbon yield

A comparison of nitrate transport in four different rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

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Science China Life Sciences 2005年第S2期48卷 897-911页

作者： anthony j.Miller Crop Performance and Improvement Division Rothamsted Research Harpenden U.K. Hertfordshire AL5 2jQ

As rice can use both nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+), we have tested the hypothesis that the shift in the pattern of cultivars grown in jiangsu Province reflects the ability of the plants to exploit NO3- as a nitrogen (N) source. Four rice cultivars were grown in solution culture for comparison of their growth on NO3- and NH4+ nitrogen sources. All four types of rice, Xian You 63 (XY63), Yang Dao 6 (YD), Nong Keng 57 (NK) and Si You 917 (SY917), grew well and produced similar amounts of shoot biomass with 1 mmol/L NH4+ as the only N source. However, the roots of NK were significantly smaller in comparison with the other cultivars. When supplied with 1 mmol/L NO3- YD produced the greatest biomass; while NK achieved the lowest growth among the four cultivars. Electrophysiological measurements on root rhizodermal cells showed that the NO3- elicited changes in membrane potential (△Em) of these four rice cultivars were significantly different when exposed to low external NO3- (<1 mmol/L); while they were very similar at high external NO3- (10 mmol/L). The root cell membrane potentials of YD and XY63 were more responsive to low external NO3- than those of NK and SY917. The△Em values for YD and XY63 rhizodermal cells were almost the same at both 0.1 mmol/L and 1 mmol/L NO3-; while for the NK and SY917 the values became larger as the external NO3- increased. For YD cultivar,△Em was measured over a range of NO3- concentrations and a Michaelis-Menten fit to the data gave a Km value of 0.17 mmol/L. Net NO3- uptake depletion kinetics were also compared and for some cultivars (YD and XY63) a single-phase uptake system with first order kinetics best fitted the data; while other cultivars (ND and SY917) showed a better fit to two uptake systems. These uptake systems had two affinity ranges: one had a similar Km in all the cultivars (0.2 mmol/L); the other much higher affinity system (0.03 mmol/L) was only present in NK and SY917. The expression pattern of twelve different NO3-

关键词： Oryza saliva rice cultivars nitrate uptake nitrate transporters.

Endoscopic ultrasonography guided celiac plexus neurolysis and celiac plexus block in the management of pain due to pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第26期13卷 3575-3580页

作者： anthony j Michaels Peter V Draganov University of Florida Department of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionUnited States

Pain is a common symptom of pancreatic disease and is frequently difficult to manage. Pain relief provided by narcotics is often suboptimal and is associated with significant side effects. An alternative approach to pain management in pancreatic disease is the use of celiac plexus block (CPB) or neurolysis (CPN). Originally performed by anesthesiologists and radiologists via a posterior approach,recent advances in endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) have made this technique an attractive alternative. EUS guided celiac plexus block/ neurolysis is simple to perform and avoids serious complications such as paraplegia or pneumothorax that are associated with the posterior approach. EUS guided CPN should be considered first line therapy in patients with pain due to pancreatic cancer. It provides superior pain control compared to traditional management with narcotics. A trend for improved survival in pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPN has been reported,but larger studies are needed to confirm this finding. At this time,the use of EUS guided CPB cannot be recommended as routine therapy for pain in chronic pancreatitis since only one-half of the patients experience pain reduction and the beneficial effect tends to be short lived. EUS guided CPB and CPN should be used as part of a multidisciplinary team approach for pain management.

关键词： Celiac plexus Celiac plexus neurolysis Celiacplexus block Endoscopic ultrasound Pain management