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Diversity, abundance, and structure of tree communities in the Uluguru forests in the Morogoro region, Tanzania

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 557-569页

作者： David Sylvester Kacholi anthony Michael Whitbread Martin Worbes Crop Production Systems in the Tropics Georg-August University Goettingen Grisebachstr. 6 37077 GoettingenGermany Department of Biological Sciences Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE)P. O. Box 2329 Dar es Salaam Tanzania International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324 Andhra PradeshIndia

Uluguru forests are globally recognized as important biodiversity hotspots, but anthropogenic pressure threatens their value. This study examined species diver- sity, abundance, and structure of trees in the Uluguru for- ests. All trees of diameter at breast height （DBH）〉 10 cm were inventoried in seven forests ranging from 3 to 995 ha in area. A total of 900 stems, 101 species and 34 families were inventoried. Fabaceae was the most speciose family. Ehretia amoena Klotzsch was the most abundant species with relative abundance of 9.22 %. The forests differed significantly in species richness （26-93 species ha-l）, tree density （85-390 stems ha-l）, basal area （3-24 m2 ha-1） and Shannon-Wiener diversity （2.50--4.02）. Forest area was significantly and positively correlated with species richness （r = 0.92） and species diversity （r = 0.95）. Tree density showed significant positive correlation with speciesrichness （r = 0.80） and basal area （r = 0.85）. Milawilila and Nemele forests had highest floristic similarity （0.55） followed by Kimboza and Kilengwe （0.54） while the rest had similarity coefficients of less than 0.50. Despite leg- islative protection, many forests remain at risk and there- fore the possibility to conserve highly valuable tree species via enhanced protection or cultivation must be considered.

关键词： Eastern arc Biodiversity Disturbance Hotspots Similarity

What's the Deal?Trump,Fichte's Closed Commercial State,and the Perverse Dialectic of Neoliberal Risk

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2020年第3期13卷 395-412页

作者： anthony Curtis Adler Underwood International College Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea

The following paper seeks to understand Donald Trump as a“dialectical image”for the contradictions of neoliberal ***’s management style,as described in his Art o f the Deal,combines a fetishizing of entrepreneurial risk as a“lifestyle”with the insistence that it is not the entrepreneur but his targets who are ultimately exposed to *** suggests that we might understand the elevation of“deal-making”to a lifestyle as a characteristic of modernity that,with neoliberalism,is increasingly coming to the *** a critique of modernity,I further argue,is anticipated by Fichte's Closed Commercial State with its intriguing dialectic of risk.I conclude by arguing that Trump's politics marks the rise of a new,specifically American style of Fascism--one that demands identification not with the state as supra-individual collective,but with an impersonal system governing over individual lives and rendering them precarious.

关键词： Donald Trump US politics Johann Gottlieb Fichte Neoliberalism Fascism Economic nationalismh

Effects of Gender and other Factors on Agricultural Commercialization in Peri-urban and Rural Cassava Farms of Rivers State, Nigeria

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2016年第2期6卷 98-108页

作者： anthony o. onoja Eunice N. Ajie Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt 500102 Nigeria Department of Agricultural Sciences Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port Harcourt 500102 Nigeria

The study was designed to investigate into the level of cassava commercialization, extent of gender effects and other factors on household commercialization index （HCI） of cassava in both rural and peri-urban areas of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study used a stratified random sampling technique to select 50 cassava farmers each from Etche and Ekwerre LGAs of the state （i.e. 100 farmers in all）. A set of structured questionnaire and interview schedule was used to retrieve information from the farmers. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Chow test and truncated regression analysis model based on Maximum Likelihood derived from Censored Normal or ToBIT approach. It was found that significant difference exist in the HC1 of rural farmers （49%） and peri-urban （40%）. The drivers of HCI varied across the areas but on the whole it was noted that gender, farm size, distance to market, labour, farming experience, price of cassava and access to market information signiftcantly influenced the probability of expanding the scale of commercialization of cassava in the area. It was recommended that government and interested bodies should give priority to women in designing and implementing cassava commercialization programmes policies that will improve farmers access to land and also help build on capacities of the farmers to commercialize such as access to extension service, establishment of market information service （MIS）, development of market and transport infrastructure were recommended too.

关键词： Commercialization agriculture household commercialization index truncated regression Tobit model cassava Rivers State.

A nano-engineered graphene/carbon nitride hybrid for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第2期25卷 223-225页

作者： Xiaobo Li Yao Zheng anthony F.Masters Thomas Maschmeyer Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability School of ChemistryThe University of Sydney School of Chemical Engineering University of AdelaideAdelaide Australian Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology The University of Sydney

A metal-free photocatalytic hydrogen evolution system was successfully fabricated using heteroatom doped graphene materials as electron-transfer co-catalysts and carbon nitride as a semiconductor. The catalytic role of graphene is significantly dependent on the heteroatom dopant of the graphene, such as o, S, B, N doped/undoped graphene co-catalysts, and N-graphene shows the best catalytic hydrogen evolution rate.

关键词： Carbon nitride Co-catalyst Graphene Hydrogen evolution Photocatalysis

Functional roles of taurine,L-theanine,Lcitrulline,and betaine during heat stress in poultry

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 967-986页

作者： Victoria anthony Uyanga Emmanuel ooke Felix Kwame Amevor Jingpeng Zhao Xiaojuan Wang Hongchao Jiao okanlawon Monagbesan Hai Lin Department of Animal Science College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease ControlShandong Agricultural UniversityNo.61 Daizong StreetTai’an 271018Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Animal Physiology Federal University of AgricultureP.M.BAbeokutaOgun State 2240Nigeria Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuanChina.

Heat stress(HS)is an important environmental stress factor affecting poultry production on a global *** the rise in ambient temperature and increasing effects of global warming,it becomes pertinent to understand the effects of HS on poultry production and the strategies that can be adopted to mitigate its detrimental impacts on the performance,health,welfare,immunity,and survival of *** acids(AAs)have been increasingly adopted as nutritional modifiers in animals to ameliorate the adverse effects of *** are essential for protein synthesis,growth,maintenance,reproduction,immunity,stress response,and whole-body ***,HS tends to adversely affect the availability,transport,absorption,and utilization of these *** have investigated the provision of these AAs to poultry during HS conditions,and variable findings have been ***,L-theanine,and L-citrulline are non-essential amino acids that are increasingly gaining attention as nutritional supplements in HS ***,betaine is an amino acid derivative that possesses favorable biological properties which contributes to its role as a functional additive during *** particular note,taurine is negligible in plants,while betaine,L-theanine,and L-citrulline can be found in selected *** nutrients are barely found in feed ingredients,but their supply has been shown to elicit important physiological roles including anti-stress effects,anti-oxidative,anti-inflammatory,gut promoting,and immunomodulatory *** present review provides information on the use of these nutritionally and physiologically beneficial nutrients as functional additives to poultry diets during HS ***,although several studies have reported on the positive effects of these additives in human and murine studies,however,there is limited information regarding their utilization during heat stress in poultry ***,this review aims to expound on the functional pr

关键词： Amino acids Antioxidant Heat Stress Immunity Inflammation Nutrition Performance Poultry

Economic Evaluation of Hydraulic Fracturing in a Gas Condensate Reservoir operating below Dewpoint

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open Journal of Yangtze oil and Gas 2020年第3期5卷 73-86页

作者： anthony Kerunwa Princewill o. Ariche Nkemakolam Chinedu Izuwa Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

Hydraulic fracturing is among the approaches used to optimize production from a gas condensate reservoir. A detailed economic analysis is required to evaluate the profitability and feasibility of hydraulic fracturing as an optimization option in a gas condensate reservoir operating below dewpoint. The objective of this research is to evaluate the economic benefits derivable from the use of hydraulic fracturing to improve gas and liquid recovery from a gas condensate reservoir operating below dewpoint. This research considers the use of four profit indicators to ascertain the profitability of hydraulic fracturing in a gas condensate reservoir operating below dewpoint by increasing the fracture halflength, fracture width and fracture permeability. The production data of the reservoir was obtained and the economic calculations done on excel spreadsheet and plots generated. The four profit indicators considered in the research are Net Present Value, Payout, Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return and Profit per Dollar Invested. The economic justification was done by carrying out a comparative economic analysis from the result obtained when the reservoir of study was unfractured with that obtained when the reservoir was fractured at various fracture parameters. The economic analysis was done considering a royalty and tax rate of 18.5% and 30% respectively and a gas price of $2/MSCF and condensate price of $30/bbl. This is done so as to find out if the additional cost of hydraulic fracturing can be offset by the recovery from the reservoir when its pressure declined below dewpoint. The result obtained showed that the additional recovery due to hydraulic fracturing by increasing the fracture halflength, fracture width and fracture permeability was not enough to justify the application of hydraulic fracturing when the reservoir pressure declined below dewpoint.

关键词： Economic Evaluation Fracture Halflength Proppants Profit Indicators Hydraulic Fracturing Gas Condensate Reservoir Dewpoint

Vegetation structure,dominance patterns and height growth in an Afromontane forest,Southern Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 453-462页

作者： Sylvanus Mensah anthony Egeru Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo Romain GleleKakai Laboratoire de Biomathematiques et d’Estimations Forestieres Facultedes Sciences AgronomiquesUniversite d’Abomey-Calavi04 BP 1525 CotonouBenin Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture Makerere UniversityP.O Box 16811WandegeyaKampalaUganda Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquee Facultedes Sciences AgronomiquesUniversite d’Abomey-Calavi03 BP 1974 CotonouBenin

Information on forest structure is fundamentally important to track successional vegetation dynamics for efficient forest *** study reports on vegetation characteristics,dominance patterns and species height growth in a northern mistbelt forest type in South *** alpha-diversity indices(species richness and Shannon-Weiner diversity),structural vegetation parameters(tree density and basal area),and species importance value index were *** class distribution and height-diameter allometry were further examined for the overall stand and most important *** densities(472.0±43.5 and 605.3±28.1 trees ha^-1 for C 5 cm to\10 cm and C 10 cm dbh(diameter at breast height)classes,respectively)and basal area values(1.99±0.19 and 48.07±3.46 m^2 ha^-1,respectively)are comparable to other Afromontane forests in East *** overall stand showed an inverted-J shaped distribution pattern which is a typical feature of stand size class distribution in most natural *** ecologically important species also exhibited an inverted-J shaped distribution pattern,suggesting good regeneration and recruitment *** were significant differences in species on height,reflecting species-specific height growth patterns,possibly a result of intrinsic growth potential and competitive *** present study suggests that conservation and management policies,including protection of surrounding land uses against fire,contribute to maintaining a successful recovery of these ***,it should be noted that these forests may be experiencing relatively slow dynamic flux as a result of the overmature state of some trees with several years under relatively strict protection.

关键词： Diversity Population structure Species composition Size class distribution

The effect of protein oxidation on the formation of advanced glycation end products after chicken myofibrillar protein glycation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1571-1579页

作者： Zongshuai Zhu anthony Pius Bassey Ming Huang Iftikhar Ali Khan College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China National R&D Center for Poultry Processing Technology Nanjing Huangjiaoshou Food Science and Technology Co.Ltd.Nanjing 211200China Institution of Agricultural Products Processing Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210095China

Investigation that protein oxidation to the formation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs)after chicken myofibrillar protein glycation is *** of protein oxidation induced by different concentrations of hydroxyl radicals(·oH)were developed after the chicken myofibrillar protein mild glycation(MPG).Results exhibited that levels of AGEs and surface hydrophobicity(H_(0))steadily increased with the a ddition of h ydrogen peroxide(H_(2)o_(2))***,levels of s ulfhydryl group,free amino group,and particle size gradually decreased with the H_(2)o_(2)*** protein carbonyl value increased in H_(2)o_(2)concentration until 10 mmol/***'s correlation indicated that MPG structure modification(unfolding and degradation)induced by protein oxidation were significantly positively correlated with AGEs concentration(Poposed to hypothesize t he effect of protein oxidation on the formation of AGEs under MPG conditions.

关键词： Protein oxidation Glycated myofibrillar protein Structure changes Advanced glycation end products

Effects of land management practices and land cover types on soil loss and crop productivity in Ethiopia:A review

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第4期9卷 544-554页

作者： Gizaw Desta Lulseged Tamene Wuletawu Abera Tilahun Amede anthony Whitbread International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics(ICRISAT) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics(ICRISAT) ArushaTanzania

Identifying land management practices(LMPs)that enhance on-site sediment management and crop productivity is crucial for the prevention,reduction,and restoration of land degradation and contributing to achieving land degradation neutrality(LDN).We reviewed studies in Ethiopia to assess the effects of LMPs on soil loss(84 studies)and crop productivity(34 studies)relative to control *** variability on conserved lands was assessed using 12,796 fixed plot *** of LMP on soil loss were 0.5-55 t ha^(−1)y^(−1)compared to control practices yielding 50 to 140 t ha^(−1)y^(−1).More than 55%of soil loss records revealed soil loss less than the tolerable rate(10 t ha^(−1)).Area closure,perennial vegetation cover,agronomic practices,mechanical erosion control practices,annual cropland cover,and drainage groups of practices led to 74.0±18.3%,69.0±24.6%,66.2±30.5%,66.1±18.0%,63.5±20.0%,and 40±11,1%soil loss reduction,respectively.A yield increase of 25.2±15.0%,37.5±28.0%,and 75.4±85.0%was found from drainage,agronomy,and mechanical erosion control practices,*** average yield loss by erosion on fields without appropriate land management practice and on conserved fields was 26.5±26.0%and 25±3.7%,*** findings suggest that practices that entail a continuous presence of soil cover during the rainy season,perennial vegetation,retention of moisture,and barriers for sediment transport were most effective at decreasing soil loss and increasing *** review provides evidence to identify the best LMP practices for wider adoption and inform decision-making on LMP investments towards achieving sustainable solutions to reverse land degradation.

关键词： LMP practices Soil loss Crop yield Yield loss by erosion Ethiopia