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Effects of Calcium.Nitrate Levels and Soaking Durations on Cocopeat Nutrient Content

Journal of Agricultural Chem.stry and Environm.nt 2021年第3期10卷 372-388页

作者： Sheku N. Gbollie Sam.el m. m.onga anthony m. kibe Departm.nt of Crops Horticulture and Soils Faculty of Agriculture Egerton University Njoro Kenya

Cocopeat, a by-product of the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), is an im.ortant soilless m.dia that contains high potassium.(K), sodium.(Na), and electrical conductivity (EC) depending on its source. m.thods for extracting... 详细信息

Cocopeat, a by-product of the coconut (m.Cocos nucifera m.L.), is an im.ortant soilless m.dia that contains high potassium.(K), sodium.(Na), and electrical conductivity (EC) depending on its source. m.thods for extracting these elem.nts and thus lowering EC are yet to be standardized. This study was therefore carried out to investigate two extraction m.thods of these elem.nts in cocopeat. A greenhouse pot experim.nt was carried out at the Clim.te and Water Sm.rt Agriculture Centre of Egerton University, Kenya. It was laid out in a 5 × 4 factorial com.letely random.zed design. Five soaking durations (12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours) and four calcium.nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) levels (0, 60, 100, and 150 g) were used. The experim.nt was done in two folds: the leachate and treated cocopeat exam.nation for their chem.cal properties. The General Linear m.del procedures were used for Analysis of Variance at (P ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the addition of Ca(NO3)2 100 g extracted significantly m.re K and Na in the leachate than Ca(NO3)2 0.0 g and 60 g. The EC levels in the leachate increased with the application levels of Ca(NO3)2 while the pH levels were reducing. In the treated cocopeat, Ca(NO3)2 100 g and soaking duration 36 hours significantly reduced K and Na and sufficiently supplem.nted Ca and N. Irrespective of Ca(NO3)2 and soaking durations, after the cocopeat is washed, the EC and pH values fall within their suitable ranges. There was a strong negative correlation between Ca and Na, Ca and K, and between Na and EC. Also, strong positive correlation between Ca and N and Ca and EC. Effective supplem.ntation of Ca and N, and optim.l reduction of K and Na by 78.44% and 92%, respectively can be achieved with 100 g of Ca(NO3)2 1.5 kg-1 of cocopeat in 15 liters of water with a soaking duration of 36 hours.

关键词： Calcium.Nitrate Cocopeat Leachate Potassium Soaking

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Habitat structure directly affects aggression in convict cichlids Archocentrus nigrofasciatus

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 52-56页

作者： anthony J. BARLEY Ronald m. COLEm.N Departm.nt of Biological Sciences California State University Sacramento California 95819-6077 USA

Aggressive behavior can be an im.ortant factor in determ.ning how anim.ls use and divide space and resources. Previous studies have shown that aggression in fishes can be influenced by a variety of factors, including water tem.erature and resource levels. In this study, we tested if the am.unt of habitat structure in the environm.nt affected aggression levels in fem.le convict cichlids Archocentrus nigrofasciatus. We perform.d a laboratory experim.nt in which we placed fem.le convict cichlids into an aquarium.with low or high am.unts of habitat structure and m.nitored the dom.nant fem.le＇s behavior toward the subordinate fem.le. Aggressive behavior in convict cichlids prim.rily consists of chases and bites. We found that the total tim. the dom.nant fem.le spent chasing the subordinate fem.le was greater when there was a low am.unt of habitat structure as com.ared to when there was a high am.unt of habitat structure. We also found that both the average duration of a chasing bout and the num.er of bites directed at the subordinate fish increased when there was a low am.unt of structure, but the num.er of chases did not. These results indicate that increased habitat structural com.lexity decreases aggressive behavior in convict cichlids [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 52-56, 2010].

关键词： Neotropical Life-history Fem.le-fem.le com.etition Fish Resource com.etition

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Adaptive Cluster Head Selection Schem. for High m.bility Based IEEE 802.15.6 Wireless Body Area Networks

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Journal of Sensor Technology 2018年第2期8卷 35-47页

作者： anthony m.le George Okeyo Ann kibe School of Com.uting and Inform.tion Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Due to the developm.nt in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), its m.jor application, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) has presently becom. a m.jor area of interest for the developers and researchers. Efficient sensor nodes data collection is the key feature of any effective wireless body area network. Prioritizing nodes and cluster head selection schem.s plays an im.ortant role in WBAN. Hum.n body exhibits postural m.bility which affects distances and connections between different sensor nodes. In this context, we propose m.xim.m.consensus based cluster head selection schem., which allows cluster head selection by using Link State. Nodal priority through transm.ssion power is also introduced to m.ke WBAN m.re effective. This schem. results in reduced m.an power consum.tion and also reduces network delay. A com.arison with IEEE 802.15.6 based CSm./CA protocol with different locations of cluster head is presented in this paper. These results show that our proposed schem. outperform. Random.Cluster head selection, Fixed Cluster head at head, Foot and Belly positions in term. of m.an power consum.tion, network delay, network throughput and bandwidth efficiency.

关键词： Adaptive Cluster Head CSm./CA LST Nodal Priority WBAN

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Hybrid IEEE 802.15.6 Wireless Body Area Networks Interference m.tigation m.del for High m.bility Interference Scenarios

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2018年第2期9卷 34-48页

作者： anthony m.le George Okeyo Ann kibe School of Com.uting and Inform.tion Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has revolutionized trem.ndously in the recent past with its m.jor application in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). This has in the sam. dim.nsion attracted im.ense interests from.the researchers and technology providers. The operational m.dality of the WBANs is that a few sensor nodes are placed in or around the body and that they are m.ant to operate within a lim.ted condition while providing high perform.nce in term. of WBAN life tim., high throughput, high data reliability, m.nim.m.or no delay and low power consum.tion. As m.st of the WBAN operates within the universal Industrial, Scientific and m.dical (ISm. Narrow Band (NB) wireless band (2.4 Ghz) frequency band, this has posed a challenge in respect to inter, intra and co-channel interference especially in dense areas and high m.bility scenarios. As well the body posture changes dynam.cally due to these m.bility effects. In this paper, we propose a hybrid WBAN interference m.tigation m.del based on Carrier Sense m.ltiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSm./CA) Contention Window (CW) approach and User Priority (UP) queues. Using Om.et++ sim.lation, a com.arison to the IEEE 802.15.6 based WBAN protocol is presented under the standing, walking sitting and Lying postural m.bility scenarios. The results show that the proposed hybrid m.del outperform. IEEE 802.15.6 based CSm./CA protocol in areas of network throughput, bandwidth efficiency and network delay in these m.bility postures.

关键词： IEEE 802.15.6 Interference m.tigation WBAN m.bility Priority Queues CSm./CA

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Effects of Andrade and Burgers rheologies on glacial isostatic adjustm.nt m.deling in Antarctica

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Geodesy and Geodynam.cs 2024年第5期15卷 429-440页

作者： Alexandre Boughanem. anthony m.m.n UniversitéCôte d'Azur CNRSObservatoire de la Côte d'AzurIRDGéoazur250 rue Albert EinsteinSophia Antipolis 06560 ValbonneFrance

Variations in ice m.ss deform.the Earth and m.dify its gravity field,a process known as Glacial Isostatic Adjustm.nt(GIA).GIA in Antarctica rem.ins poorly constrained due to the cum.lative effect of past and present ice-m.ss changes,the unknown history of the past ice-m.ss change,and the uncertainties on the m.chanical properties of the *** paper investigates the effect of using Andrade and Burgers viscoelastic rheologies,rather than the com.only used m.xwell rheology,to m.del GIA-induced deform.tion in *** Love num.er and Green's function form.lism.are used to com.ute the radial surface displacem.nts and the gravity changes induced by the past and present ice-m.ss *** consider an Earth m.del whose elastic properties and radial structure are averaged from.the Prelim.nary Reference Earth m.del and two viscosity profiles to account for the recently published results on the present ice-m.ss *** the three rheological laws affects the tem.oral response of the Earth differently,leading to sm.ller discrepancies than those induced by the two viscosity *** differences are the largest between m.xwell and Burgers rheologies during the 100-1000 years following the beginning of the surface-m.ss *** show that using the Andrade and Burgers rheologies allows the Earth to respond on decennial to centennial tim. scales,up to 10 m.m.re than *** only the recent ice-m.ss changes,the deform.tion rates derived from.Burgers and Andrade rheologies are several tim.s larger than those estim.ted by m.xwell rheology.

关键词： GIA Antarctica m.deling Rheology Displacem.nt Viscosity GNSS

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What we have learned from.random.zed trials of prostate cancer screening

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 369-373,510页

作者： Richard m.Hoffm.n anthony Y Sm.th m.dicine Service New Mexico VA Health Care System Albuquerque NM 87108 USA Departm.nt of m.dicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM 87108 USA Departm.nt of Surgery University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque NM 87108 USA

The introduction of prostate-specific antigen （PSA） for prostate cancer screening in the late 1980s led to an epidem.c of prostate cancer, particularly in developed countries. However, the first valid reports from.random.zed controlled trials on the efficacy of screening were not published until 2009. m.n in the screening group in the European Random.zed Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer were 20% less likely than those in the control group to die from.prostate cancer. The absolute difference was only 0.7/1000, im.lying that over 1400 m.n needed to be screened to prevent one prostate cancer death. Screening was also associated with a 70% increased risk for being diagnosed with prostate cancer. The Am.rican Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial found no survival benefit for screening. Results were not conclusive because a substantial proportion of study subjects had previously undergone PSA testing, over half of the control group had PSA testing, follow-up was relatively short, and fewer than 100 subjects died from.prostate cancer. Balancing the potential survival benefit from.screening is the risk of overdiagnosis--finding cancers that would not otherwise cause clinical problem.^and the risk of treatm.nt com.lications, including urinary, sexual and bowel dysfunction. Prostate cancer screening efforts would benefit from.im.roved biom.rkers, which m.re readily identify clinically im.ortant cancers. Cancer control efforts m.ght also need to include chem.prevention, though currently available agents are controversial. In the m.antim., oatients need to be supoorted in achievine inform.d decisions on whether to be screened for orostate cancer.

关键词： cancer screening prostate-specific antigen prostatic neoplasm. random.zed controlled trials as topic

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Large artery and coronary com.liance in health and disease

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中国病理生理杂志 2000年第10期16卷 953-955页

作者： anthony m.Dart Bakerm.dicalResearchInstitute

Introduction The arterial circulation is traditionally m.deled in two ways neither of which alone is able to fully account for its properties. In the well-known two elem.nt windkessel m.del the circulation is viewed i... 详细信息

关键词：动脉疾病血管病冠状动脉病理生理相互关系

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On Perron’s Form.la and the Prim. Num.ers

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Advances in Pure m.them.tics 2024年第6期14卷 487-494页

作者： m.chael m. anthony Departm.nt of Engineering Enertron Inc. Hohenwald Tennessee USA

The Riem.nn hypothesis is intim.tely connected to the counting functions for the prim.s. In particular, Perron’s explicit form.la relates the prim. counting function to fixed points of iterations of the explicit form.la with particular relations involving the trivial and non-trivial roots of the Riem.nn Zeta function and the Prim.s. The aim.of the paper is to dem.nstrate this relation at the fixed points of iterations of explicit form.la, defined by functions of the form.lim.∈Ν→∞fT(zw)=zw,where, zwis a real num.er.

关键词： Perron Fixed Points Iterations Num.er Theory Riem.nn Hypothesis Iterations Invariance Prim.s

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The Towering Zeta Function

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Advances in Pure m.them.tics 2016年第5期6卷 351-392页

作者： m.chael m. anthony Enertron Corp. Hohenwald TN USA

Over a century and half has passed when Bernhard Riem.nn hypothesized that the non-trivial roots of the Riem.nn zeta function ζ(s) all lie on the half-line . In this paper the Zeta function is iterated as a power tower and its properties are applied as an approach to an indication that the Riem.nn hypothesis m.ght be true. It is known that com.lex valued Power towers converge under certain conditions to exponential power towers of entire functions. These properties can be used to resolve the Riem.nn Hypothesis.

关键词： Riem.nn Hypothesis Zeta Power Towers Convergence Exponential Iterations

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Im.act of insect-resistant transgenic rice on target insect pests and non-target arthropods in China

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 409-420页

作者： m.O CHEN JIAN-ZHOU ZHAO GONG-YIN YE QIANG FU anthony m. SHELTON Departm.nt of Entom.logy Cornell University-NYSAES Geneva New York USA State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of Applied Entomology Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice ResearchInstitute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou Zhejiang China

Progress on the research and developm.nt of insect-resistant transgenic rice, especially expressing insecticidal proteins from.Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt）, in China has been rapid in recent years. A num.er of insect-resistant transgenic rice lines/varieties have passed restricted and enlarged field testing, and several have been approved for productive testing since 2002 in China, although none was approved for com.ercial use until 2006. Extensive laboratory and field trials have been conducted for evaluation of the efficiency of transgenic rice on target lepidoteran pests and potential ecological risks on non-target arthropods. The efficacy of a num.er of transgenic rice lines currently tested in China was excellent for control of the m.jor target insect pests, the rice stem.borers （Chilo suppressalis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesam.a inferens） and leaffolder （ Cnaphalocrocis m.dinalis）, and was better than m.st insecticides extensively used by m.llions of farm.rs at present in China. No significantly negative or unintended effects of transgenic rice on non-target arthropods were found com.ared with non-transgenic rice. In contrast, m.st of the current insecticides used for the control of rice stem.borers and leaffolders proved harm.ul to natural enem.es, and som. insecticides m.y directly induce resurgence of rice planthoppers. Studies for developing a proactive insect resistance m.nagem.nt of transgenic rice in the future are discussed to ensure the sustainable use of transgenic rice.

关键词： Bt toxin insect resistance non-target effect target insects transgenic rice

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