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Review of 6 Years of Middle Ear Surgery in the ENT-Laryngology Department of the Donka National Hospital and a Literature Review

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Surgical Science 2024年第8期15卷 471-479页

作者： Mamadou Aliou Diallo Ibrahima Diallo Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Sayon Kourouma Alsény Camara Alsény Cissé Abdoulaye Bayo Barry Alpha Oumar Sory Sacko Abdoulaye Keita Service dORL Hpital National Donka Conakry Guinea Service dORL Hpital Rgional de Mamou Mamou Guinea Service dORL Hpital Rgional de Lab Lab Guinea

Introduction: Middle ear surgery is increasingly performed in our department. Our goal was to take stock of this activity in the ENT department of the Donka National Hospital. Equipment and Methods: It was a descriptive and retrospective study;it involved 71 patients’ records operated from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2023. We included the files of patients who had a middle ear surgery including the post-operative report and follow-up. Incomplete or illegible records were excluded. The parameters studied were epidemiological, otoscopic, tomodensitometric, surgical indications, surgical techniques and results. Results: We recorded 71 middle ear surgeries out of 548 ENT surgeries, the prevalence was 12.96%. The average age was 23 years (type-deviation = 17, 29 years) with extremes of 3 to 75 years. According to the preoperative audiometry, the deafness was medium (48.8%), mild (36.9%) and severe (14.3%). The operative indications were among others: perforation of the tympanic sequellar (52.5%), chronic otomastoiditis (23.8%), cholesteatoma (15%) and seromuqueous otitis (8.7%). We performed 70 tympanoplasties (90.9%), 50 mastoidectomies (64.9%) and 7 trans-tympanic aerators (9.1%). One month after surgery, the neotympanum was constituted in 86%, and the hearing gain was between 11 and 15 dB in 18.3% of cases. Conclusion: Middle ear surgery was infrequent. young subjects are the most concerned. Tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy are the main surgical techniques. The anatomical and functional results are appreciable.

关键词： Surgery Ear Tympanoplasty Mastoïdectomie

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Otorhinolaryngological (ORL) and Cervicofacial Injuries Resulting from Road Accidents within the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) Department of the Regional Hospital of Mamou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 16-28页

作者： Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Ibrahima Diallo Alsény Camara Mamadou Aliou Diallo Raphan Madi Kaba Keita Abdoulaye Sow Alsény Cisse Sory Sacko Mamadou Gouraissiou Diallo Abdoulaye Keita Alpha Oumar Diallo Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Regional Hospital Mamou Mamou Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department National Hospital Donka Conakry Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Regional Hospital N’zérékoré N’zérékoré Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Regional Hospital Labé Labé Guinea Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Department National Hospital Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Otorhinolaryngological (ORL) and cervicofacial traumas encompass injuries affecting the neck, face, and ORL region, resulting from external influence. The objective of this study was to conduct an epidemiological and clinical analysis of ORL and cervicofacial injuries observed in victims of road accidents treated at the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department of the Regional Hospital of Mamou. Materials and Methods: This prospective and descriptive study was conducted over a period of 12 months, from January 1st to December 31st, 2021, within the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) department of the Regional Hospital of Mamou. It included patients hospitalized for ORL and/or cervicofacial traumas resulting from road accidents during the study period. Results: A total of 348 cases were included, representing 36.22% of all traumas related to road accidents (AVP) within the Regional Hospital of Mamou. The average age of the patients was 26.44 years, with a sex ratio of 3.83, favoring males. The dominant socio-professional category was students, encompassing 32.47% of cases. Road accidents were mainly associated with motorcycle use (31.32% motorcycle-to-motorcycle, 24.43% motorcycle skidding, 13.51% motorcycle-pedestrian). Facial region injuries were the most common, accounting for 69.03% of cases, followed by rhinological injuries (17.28%) and otological injuries (13.69%). Associated injuries were predominantly closed head traumas (52.55%) and lower limb fractures (20.41%). Imaging was underutilized. Regarding surgical interventions, reconstructive surgery was the most predominant, accounting for 52.51% of cases, with a management timeframe of 30 minutes to 12 hours for 99.72% of patients. Conclusion: Road traffic accidents remain a serious public health issue, primarily affecting young males. Emphasis should be placed on road safety measures to reduce the frequency of these accidents.

关键词： ENT Injuries Road Accidents Regional Hospital of Mamou

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Three-dimensional analysis of age and sex differences in femoral head asphericity in asymptomatic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： Mahad M Hassan Aliya G Feroe Brenton W Douglass Andrew E Jimenez Benjamin Kuhns Charles F Mitchell Robert L Parisien Daniel A Maranho Eduardo N Novais young-Jo Kim Ata M Kiapour Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Biomechanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND The sphericity of the femoral head is a metric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the development of osteoarthritis and femoral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dimensional asphericity of the femoral head of asymptomatic pediatric *** hypothesized that femoral head asphericity will vary significantly between male and female pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Computed tomography scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%male)without hip *** femoral measurements including the femoral head diameter,femoral head volume,residual volume,asphericity index,and local diameter difference were used to evaluate femoral head *** In both sexes,the residual volume increased by age(P13 years)in females,there were no sex-differences in residual volume and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in mean diameter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(maximum diameter difference)across whole surface of the femoral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in males(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in maximum diameter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased mean diameter difference across overall surface of the femoral head(P=0.024).CONCLUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asymptomatic hips which increases with age *** 2D measured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the femoral head,it may not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip Femoral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

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Colorectal Cancer in the Oncology Department at the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, Antananarivo, Madagascar: Retrospective Study

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2022年第8期13卷 531-538页

作者： Toky Rakotoarivo Malala Razakanaivo Mirana Christiana Ranaivoson ny Ony Andrianandrasana Florine Rafaramino Department of Oncology University Hospital Tanambao Antsiranana Madagascar Department of Radiotherapy University Hospital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Antananarivo Madagascar Department of Oncology University Hospital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Antananarivo Madagascar

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer morbidity. The epidemiological and therapeutic data available are very limited in Antananarivo. The aim of this study was to provide an updated report on the management of colorectal cancer and know the survival of patients. Patients and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study during 2018 and 2019 carried out in the oncology department of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Antananarivo Hospital. Newly diagnosed patients with histological evidence were included in the study. Results: Sixty-five cases of cancer were collected, including 39 colon cancers and 26 rectal cancers. The average age was 53 years with extremes of 18 and 83 years. In 41.53%, the patients were young people under 50 years old. The sex ratio was 0.95. Four patients (6.15%) had a family history of first degree cancer. The left colon was the most common location in 43.06% of cases. Only 39% of patients were diagnosed within 6 months of the first symptoms. The most common histological type was lieberkuhnian adenocarcinoma (87.69%). None of the patients underwent an immunohistochemistry examination. Stage IV and III accounted for 41.53% and 35.38% respectively. The majority (55.38%) of patients had benefited from surgery. Chemotherapy was performed in 56.89% of cases. One metastatic patient had received targeted therapy. Nine patients (34.61%) among the 26 with rectal cancers had benefited from concomitant radiochemotherapy. Survival at 30 months was 20%. Conclusion: The survival rate of patients at 30 months is very low. Improving the management of colorectal cancer requires awareness-raising and early detection.

关键词： Colorectal Cancer Surgery Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Antananarivo

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The recent advances in scaffolds for integrated periodontal regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第10期6卷 3328-3342页

作者： Hyun nyun Woo young Joon Cho Solaiman Tarafder Chang H.Lee Center for Dental and Craniofacial Research Columbia University Medical Center630 W.168 St.VC12-212New YorkNY10032USA

The periodontium is an integrated,functional unit of multiple tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth,including but not limited to cementum(CM),periodontal ligament(PDL)and alveolar bone(AB).Periodontal tissues can be destructed by chronic periodontal disease,which can lead to tooth *** support of the treatment for periodontally diseased tooth,various biomaterials have been applied starting as a contact inhibition membrane in the guided tissue regeneration(GTR)that is the current gold standard in dental ***,various biomaterials have been prepared in a form of tissue engineering scaffold to facilitate the regeneration of damaged periodontal *** a physical substrate to support healing of a single type of periodontal tissue to multi-phase/bioactive scaffold system to guide an integrated regeneration of periodontium,technologies for scaffold fabrication have emerged in last *** review covers the recent advancements in development of scaffolds designed for periodontal tissue regeneration and their efficacy tested in vitro and in *** and Cons of different biomaterials and design parameters implemented for periodontal tissue regeneration are also discussed,including future perspectives.

关键词： Periodontium Periodontitis Bioactive scaffold Multi-phase scaffold Periodontal regeneration

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Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord and bone marrow exert immunomodulatory effects in different mechanisms

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第9期12卷 1032-1049页

作者： Yunejin Song Jung-Yeon Lim Taekyu Lim Keon-Il Im Nayoun Kim young-Sun Nam young-Woo Jeon Jong Chul Shin Hyun Sun Ko In Yang Park Seok-Goo Cho Institute for Translational Research and Molecular Imaging College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Laboratory of Immune Regulation Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic DiseaseCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Division of Hematology Oncology Department of Internal MedicineVeterans Health Service Medical CenterSeoul 05368South Korea Department of Hematology Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation CenterSeoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam 13496South Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Division of Hematology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are an attractive tool to treat graft-versus-host disease because of their unique immunoregulatory *** human bone marrow-derived MSCs(BM-MSCs)were the most widely used MSCs in cell therapy until recently,MSCs derived from human umbilical cords(UC-MSCs)have gained popularity as cell therapy material for their ethical and noninvasive *** To investigate the difference in mechanisms of the immunosuppressive effects of UC-MSCs and *** To analyze soluble factors expressed by MSCs,such as indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase,cyclooxygenase-2,prostaglandin E2 and interleukin(IL)-6,inflammatory environments in vitro were reconstituted with combinations of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1βor with IFN-γ*** T cells were cocultured with MSCs treated with indomethacin and/or *** assess the ability of MSCs to inhibit T helper 17 cells and induce regulatory T cells,induced T helper 17 cells were cocultured with MSCs treated with indomethacin or *** graft-versus-host disease was induced in NOG mice(NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull)and UC-MSCs or BM-MSCs were treated as cell *** Our data demonstrated that BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs shared similar phenotypic characteristics and immunomodulation ***-MSCs expressed more indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase after cytokine stimulation with different combinations of IFN-γ,tumor necrosis factor alpha-αand IL-1βor IFN-γ***-MSCs expressed more prostaglandin E2,IL-6,programmed death-ligand 1 and 2 in the in vitro inflammatory ***-2 and IL-10 were key factors in the immunomodulatory mechanisms of both *** addition,UC-MSCs inhibited more T helper 17 cells and induced more regulatory T cells than ***-MSCs and BM-MSCs exhibited similar effects on attenuating graft-versus-host *** UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs exert similar immunosuppressive effects with different mechanisms

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Graft-versus-host disease Umbilical cord Cell therapy Xenogeneic mouse model Immunomodulation

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Gait improvement after treadmill training in ischemic stroke survivors A critical review of functional MRI studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第31期7卷 2457-2464页

作者： Xiang Xiao Dongfeng Huang Bryan O'young Department of Rehabilitation Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510080 Guangdong Province China New York University School of Medicine Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine/NYU Langone Medical Center New York 10011 NYUSA

Stroke survivors often present with abnormal gait, movement training can improve the walking performance post-stroke, and functional MRI can objectively evaluate the brain functions before and after movement training. This paper analyzes the functional MRI changes in patients with ischemic stroke after treadmill training with voluntary and passive ankle dorsiflexion. Functional MRI showed that there are some changes in some regions of patients with ischemic stroke including primary sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area and cingulate motor area after treadmill training. These findings suggest that treadmill training likely improves ischemic stroke patients＇ lower limb functions and gait performance and promotes stroke recovery by changing patients＇ brain plasticity; meanwhile, the novel treadmill training methods can better training effects.

关键词： functional MRI stroke treadmill exercise lower limb function gait ankle kinematics cerebral plasticity neurodegenerative disease regeneration neural regeneration

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Electrically focus-tuneable ultrathin lens for high-resolution square subpixels

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1066-1078页

作者： Sehong Park Gilho Lee Byeongho Park youngho Seo Chae bin Park young Tea Chun Chulmin Joo Junsuk Rho Jong Min Kim James Hone Seong Chan Jun School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Electrical Engineering Division Engineering DepartmentUniversity of Cambridge9 JJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB3 OFAUK Department of Electronic Material Engineering Korea Maritime and Ocean UniversityBusan 49112Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohang 37673Republic of Korea Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University500 West 120th StreetMudd 220New YorkNY 10027USA

Owing to the tremendous demands for high-resolution pixel-scale thin lenses in displays,we developed a graphenebased ultrathin square subpixel lens(USSL)capable of electrically tuneable focusing(ETF)with a performance competitive with that of a typical mechanical refractive *** fringe field due to a voltage bias in the graphene proves that our ETF-USSL can focus light onto a single point regardless of the wavelength of the visible light—by controlling the carriers at the Dirac point using radially patterned graphene layers,the focal length of the planar structure can be adjusted without changing the curvature or position of the lens.A high focusing efficiency of over 60% at a visible wavelength of 405 nm was achieved with a lens thickness of <13 nm,and a change of 19.42% in the focal length with a 9% increase in transmission was exhibited under a driving *** design is first presented as an ETF-USSL that can be controlled in pixel units of flat panel displays for visible *** can be easily applied as an add-on to high resolution,slim displays and provides a new direction for the application of multifunctional autostereoscopic displays.

关键词： visible driving competitive

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International Rehabilitation Education

International Rehabilitation Education

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中国医师协会第二届康复医学论坛、中国康复医学会第四届青年学术会议、北京康复医学会第三届会员代表大会

作者： Bryan O’young M.D.Clinical Associate Professor Medical Director Department of International Rehabilitation Medicine New York University School of Medicine New York ny USA

Does your country /region/institution have a written curriculum (either at the national, local or program level)?YesNational level- American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation- Booklet published annually -h... 详细信息

关键词： International Rehabilitation Education

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Ultrasonically actuated neural probes for reduced trauma and inflammation in mouse brain

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 137-151页

作者： Po-Cheng Chen Catharine G.young Chris B.Schaffer Amit Lal SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA

Electrical neural recordings measured using direct electrical interfaces with neural tissue suffer from a short lifespan because the signal strength decreases over *** inflammatory response to the inserted microprobe can create insulating tissue over the electrical interfaces,reducing the recorded signal below noise *** of the factors contributing to this inflammatory response is the tissue damage caused during probe ***,we explore the use of ultrasonic actuation of the neural probe during insertion to minimize tissue damage in *** neural microprobes were designed and fabricated with integrated electrical recording sites and piezoelectric *** microprobes were actuated at ultrasonic frequencies using integrated piezoelectric *** microprobes were inserted into mouse brains under a glass window over the brain surface to image the tissue surrounding the probe using two-photon *** mechanical force required to penetrate the tissue was reduced by a factor of 2–3 when the microprobe was driven at ultrasonic *** histology at the probe insertion site showed a reduced area of damage and decreased microglia counts with increasing ultrasonic actuation of the *** imaging of the microprobe over weeks demonstrated stabilization of the inflammatory *** of electrical signals from neurons over time suggests that microprobes inserted using ultrasound have a higher signal-tonoise ratio over an extended time period.

关键词： microprobe insertion electrical

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