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Highlighting COVID-19:What the imaging exams show about the disease

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World Journal of Radiology 2021年第5期13卷 122-136页

作者： Lorena Sousa de Carvalho Ronaldo Teixeira da Silva Júnior Bruna Vieira Silva Oliveira Yasmin Silva de Miranda Nara Lúcia fonseca Rebouças Matheus Sande Loureiro Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro Regiane Santos da Silva Paulo Victor Silva Lima Medrado Correia Maria José Souza Silva Sabrina Neves Ribeiro Filipe antônio França da Silva Breno Bittencourt de Brito Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Rafael Augusto Oliveira Sodré Leal Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira Fabrício Freire de Melo Department of Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a global emergency,is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** gold standard for its diagnosis is the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,but considering the high number of infected people,the low availability of this diagnostic tool in some contexts,and the limitations of the test,other tools that aid in the identification of the disease are *** this scenario,imaging exams such as chest X-ray(CXR)and computed tomography(CT)have played important *** is useful for assessing disease progression because it allows the detection of extensive consolidations,besides being a fast and cheap *** the other hand,CT is more sensitive for detecting lung changes in the early stages of the disease and is also useful for assessing disease *** note,ground-glass opacities are the main COVID-19-related CT *** emission tomography combined with CT can be used to evaluate chronic and substantial damage to the lungs and other organs;however,it is an expensive *** ultrasound(LUS)has been shown to be a promising technique in that context as well,being useful in the screening and monitoring of patients,disease classification,and management related to mechanical ***,LUS is an inexpensive alternative available at the ***,magnetic resonance imaging,although not usually requested,allows the detection of pulmonary,cardiovascular,and neurological abnormalities associated with ***,it is important to consider the challenges faced in the radiology field in the adoption of control measures to prevent infection and in the follow-up of post-COVID-19 patients.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Pneumonia Pandemic Radiology Tomography

Testing the Use of Coconut Fiber as a Cushioning Material for Transport Packaging

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第3期3卷 151-156页

作者： Clívia D. Pinho da Costa Castro José de Assis fonseca Faria Tiago Bassani Hellmeister Dantas Centre for Packaging Technology-ITAL Campinas Brazil Faculty of Food Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas Brazil

In spite of being a raw material of virtually unlimited availability due to the massive consumption of the highly popular coconut water, fiber produced from green coconut is much less used than the dried coconut fiber. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of green (white) coconut fiber as a cushioning material for use in packaging systems. The mechanical performance of both green coconut fibers in their natural state as well as those molded into the shape of cushioning pads were evaluated by shock absorption tests. The results showed that the fibers without agglutination agents exhibited the best performance when submitted to increasing static loads by presenting the greatest capacity to reduce impact acceleration. In addition, green coconut fiber presented behavior similar to that of cellulosic cushioning materials and in certain situations can be considered effective in protecting products that are considered fragile.

关键词： Coconut Fiber Impact Cushioning

Diabetes Associated to Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Patients of Family Health Unity

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第4期5卷 177-185页

作者： Polyane Medeiros Alves Raiane dos Santos Pereira Ariel Gustavo Letti álvaro Luís Müller da fonseca Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB) Senhor do Bonfim Brazil Departamento de Educação (DEDC7) Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB) Senhor do Bonfim Brazil Laboratory of Immunology Departamento de Educa&ccedil&atildeo (DEDC7) Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB) Senhor do Bonfim Brazil

Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are important causes of death among diabetics. Features of diabetes mellitus (DM) associated with atherogenic risk factors are discussed by a cross-sectional study. It was evaluated 432 families attended by Basic Family Health Unities (FHU), registered at Family Health Program (HIPERDIA) at borough Alto da Maravilha in Senhor do Bonfim, Bahia, Brazil. Among eligible patients, 50 (8.4% of the total) were included in diabetic group (DB), and 80 (9.4% of the total) in the non-diabetic group (NDB). The majority was women (90/ 130) in the age range 48 - 77. The diabetic group showed a high prevalence among analyzed variables, such as hypertension (74.0%) and obesity (46.0%). Significant differences were not found among lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations comparing the DB and NDB groups. The correlation analysis showed significant differences among LDL-C-DB and CT-DB (p ant differences in the lipid profiles. By the way, the diabetic and health individuals can not present significant differences in the lipid profile, however, probably there are differences in the quality of the lipoprotein molecules between DB and NDB and a divergent tendency of the disease progression, such as a higher disposition to atherosclerosis development in DB. These patients with potential risk to development atherosclerosis or aggravation of diabetes must have more attention about Family Health Program.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Risk Factors Atherosclerosis Family Health Care

The Role of States in Controlling the Obesity Epidemic, and a Personal Autonomy to Decide

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2017年第1期7卷 35-43页

作者： Priscila Rosa da fonseca Ana Maria Anjo Toloi Larissa Bianca Paiva Cunha de Sá Alberto Krayyen Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Diabetology Department MalteserKrankenhaus St. Franziskus-Hospital Flensburg Germany PPGBIOS Funda&ccedil ã o Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Obesity has reached pandemic proportions in the world. Who is to blame for this: the person or the State (or both?). An increase in diseases associated with excess weight is also worldwide reported, such as Diabetes, Hypertension and some types of cancers. Therefore, the economic impacts of these comorbidities are an important issue to be discussed by States and citizens. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) has set and classified obesity as a disease more than 30 years ago, the American Medical Society was until recently (2010) not so sure about this definition. This article discusses the relevance of the implementation of public health policies for prevention and control of obesity, along with the possible ethical limitations to these actions, considering the autonomy of individuals regarding their health.

关键词： Obesity Comorbidities Public Health Policies Autonomy of the Citizen

Impact of Low Back Pain on Quality of Life: Assessment by Patient Functionality Questionnaire and Treatment Results Using a Combination of Diclofenac plus B Vitamins or Diclofenac Monotherapy

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第2期7卷 113-119页

作者： Mauro Geller Marco antonio Mibielli Carlos Pereira Nunes Adenilson de Souza da fonseca Stephanie Wrobel Goldberg Lisa Oliveira Teresópolis Medical School UNIFESO Rio de Janeiro Brazil Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA

Objective: To analyze the Patient Functionality Questionnaire (PFQ) scores of the patients treated with either Diclofenac + B vitamins (Group DB) or Diclofenac monotherapy (Group D) in order to better understand the impact of the combination of diclofenac with vitamins B1, B6, and B12 on quality of life. Research Design/Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of tabulated data generated during the DOLOR study (Diclofenac plus B vitamins versus diclofenac monotherapy in lumbago: the DOLOR study), using the software GraphPad Prism 5 for Windows, v5.04. The absolute number or percentage of “True”/“False” respondents for each questionnaire item at each study visit, together with the absolute number and percentage of subjects with no change, improvement, or worsening of each PFQ item at each study visit, within and between treatment groups were arranged on contingency tables and analyzed with the Chi-squared or Fisher’s Exact test. Results: At pretreatment there were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups (p > 0.05 for all items). At Visit 2 in both treatment groups, there were statistically significant improvements in individual question responses in each of the 12 items of the questionnaire (p ant superiority among subjects of group DB in response to items 1, 6, 8, and 10. At Visit 3, both groups had statistically significant (p antly in favor of group DB in the responses to item 4. At Visit 4, the subjects remaining in treatment in both groups showed statistically significant improvement in PFQ response

关键词： Low Back Pain Quality Of Life Diclofenac Thiamine Pyridoxine Cyanocobalamin

The transfer and resulting negative effects of nano-and micro-plastics through the aquatic trophic web—A discreet threat to human health

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第4期1卷 1-8页

作者： Charles V.Neves Christine C.Gaylarde Jose antonio Baptista Neto Khaue S.Vieira Bruno Pierri Carolina C.C.Waite daniela C.Scott Estefan M.da fonseca Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR–Laboratorio de Geologia Marinha Instituto de GeocienciasUniversidade Federal FluminenseAvenida Litoranea S/n24210-340NiteroiRJBrazil Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology Oklahoma University770 Van Vleet OvalNormanOK73019USA

The ubiquitous occurrence of plastic nano-and micro-particle contamination has raised concerns about its potential risks and impacts on the global environment,especially in aquatic *** of aquatic species,from different trophic levels,have been affected by this“new”contaminant,which has been reported mainly in their digestive ***,current knowledge about plastic nano-and micro-particle spread and the potential impact on aquatic biota is growing ***,there is a significant lack of understanding of the trophic spread of microplastic contamination and integration of knowledge derived from laboratory assays with that from field research is *** experiments are unable to deal with differentiating between directly and indirectly ingested plastic *** the other hand,laboratory assays evaluating the influence of plastic microparticles and of their adhered or constitutive toxins on representative species cannot satisfactorily simulate the real *** a result,little is known about the effective transfer of plastic particles through the trophic net and the resulting human health *** present review seeks to gather information that can give a more accurate idea of the current situation and future challenges to be faced in mitigating the environmental and human effects of plastic particle pollution in aquatic,particularly estuarine,ecosystems.

关键词： Trophic transfer Plastic matrix additives anthropogenic pollution Human health Microplastics

Micropollutant Removal from Water by Membrane and Advanced Oxidation Processes—A Review

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第5期9卷 411-431页

作者： Larissa L. S. Silva Carolina G. Moreira Bianca A. Curzio Fabiana V. da fonseca Chemistry School Rio de Janeiro Federal University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Micropollutants are defined as contaminants found in trace concentrations in water bodies that are persistent and bioactive, meaning they are not completely biodegradable and cannot be removed by conventional water treatment methods. Because of these aspects, their detection and removal pose a challenge to the scientific community. Among them are endocrine disruptors, drugs, agricultural chemicals, personal grooming products, industrial additives and others. These micropollutants are the cause for global concern, because their presence in water supply systems is suspected of causing health problems in humans and animals. To develop efficient techniques to remove them, it is fundamental to understand their physico-chemical properties and the available treatment types and conditions. Membrane separation processes (MSPs) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are the focus of this literature review, as potential treatment methods to remove micropollutants. The former process stands out for high rejection rates (above 90%) of various micropollutants, but it generates a concentrated secondary waste stream. In turn, the latter process can remove micropollutants without generating secondary wastes, and can also be applied and combined with other treatment methods.

关键词： Micropollutants MSP AOP

Genetic Variability of Brachiaria ruziziensis Clones to Collaria oleosa(Hemiptera:Miridae)Based on Leaf Injuries

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 2418-2424页

作者： daniela Maria da Silva Jair Campos de Moraes Alexander Machado Auad Marcy das Graças fonseca Fausto Souza Sobrinho Department of Entomology Universidade Federal de LavrasLavrasBrazil Entomology Laboratory Embrapa Dairy Cattle Re-search StationJuiz de ForaBrazil

Collaria oleosa causes leaf injuries to the main forage grasses used for cattle feeding in Brazil. The aim of this work was to determine resistance of B. ruziziensis clones against C. oleosa. Eighty B. ruziziensis clones were maintained in greenhouse, in which C. oleosa natural infestations have been occurring in previous years. After 40 days, damage score and chlorophyll content reduction were assessed for all clones. By using these parameters, genetic gain was estimated based on REML/BLUP mixed models. We observed significant differences for damage scores and chlorophyll content reduction among B. ruziziensis clones, evidencing genetic variability in this forage specie in regard to resistance against C. oleosa. Gain derived from selection of the 10 best clones was 18.2% and 5.80% when considering the damage score and chlorophyll content reduction, respectively. The clones CNPGL BR 10, CNPGL BR 64, CNPGL BR 97 and CNPGL BR 40 presented the highest genetic gain for both damage score and chlorophyll content reduction, and then they will be selected to continue the B. ruziziensis breeding program with the possibility of maximizing genetic gain for the next generations.

关键词： Signal Grass Bug damage Score Chlorophyll Content

Comparative Analysis of Metals in Seafood from Rio Doce Coastal Areas and Regional Fish Markets

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第10期14卷 859-887页

作者： William Odle Vitor Alencar Freitas da Silva Lorrana Moraes Marques Jacob Oehrig Negin Kananizadeh Diogo fonseca Alves Gaspar Michael Wild Independent Researcher New Fields Atlanta LLC. Atlanta USA Independent Researcher New Fields Brasil Consultoria Ambiental LTDA Belo Horizonte Brazil Independent Researcher New Fields United Kingdom LLC. Greengates Bradford UK

On November 5, 2015, the Fundão dam breached (the “Event”), releasing water, tailings, dam construction material, and debris to downstream watercourses. Over 20 million cubic meters of fine particles from the tailings, as well as scoured soil and sediments, reached the Rio Doce estuary and surrounding marine area 17 days later. Fishing was banned by the Federal Court of Espírito Santo in February 2016. The fishing ban area included the coastal area near the mouth of the Rio Doce and seaward to a depth of 25 meters, south to Barra do Riacho, and north to Degredo Beach. In June 2019, the Brazilian health agency, Anvisa, published a risk assessment for fish consumption which recommended daily consumption limits for fish of 200 grams for adults and 50 grams for children for both continental and coastal areas of the Rio Doce basin. Comparative analyses were performed between metal concentrations in marine fish and crustaceans collected in the banned fishing area to reference areas and commercialized seafood markets along the Brazilian coast. The results reveal that metals detected in seafood tissue collected in the fishing ban area are not significantly different than other reference areas or from commercially available seafood. This result indicates that elevated metal concentrations in seafood are a regional problem, unrelated to the Event. Higher concentrations of metals in fish in reference areas outside of the fishing ban area as well as in commercial seafood markets demonstrates that the risk management approach of a localized fishing ban is ineffective for reducing risk to the population related to seafood consumption. .

关键词： Fish Consumption Mine Tailings Fundão dam Marine Environment Brazilian Coast Fishing Ban