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Intelligent Traffic Surveillance through Multi-Label Semantic Segmentation and Filter-Based Tracking

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3707-3725页

作者： Asifa mehmood Qureshi Nouf Abdullah Almujally Saud S.Alotaibi Mohammed Hamad Alatiyyah Jeongmin Park Department of Creative Technologies Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Information Systems Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences and Humanities in AflajPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Tech University of KoreaSiheung-siGyeonggi-do15073Korea

Road congestion,air pollution,and accident rates have all increased as a result of rising traffic density andworldwide population *** the past ten years,the total number of automobiles has increased significantly over the *** this paper,a novel method for intelligent traffic surveillance is *** proposed model is based on multilabel semantic segmentation using a random forest classifier which classifies the images into five *** improve the results,mean-shift clustering was applied to the segmented ***,the pixels given the label for the vehicle were extracted and blob detection was applied to mark each *** the validation of each detection,a vehicle verification method based on the structural similarity index is *** tracking of vehicles across the image frames is done using the Identifier(ID)assignment technique and particle ***,vehicle counting in each frame along with trajectory estimation was done for each *** proposed system demonstrated a remarkable vehicle detection rate of 0.83 over Vehicle Aerial Imaging from Drone(VAID),0.86 over AU-AIR,and 0.75 over the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Benchmark Object Detection and Tracking(UAVDT)dataset during the experimental *** proposed system can be used for several purposes,such as vehicle identification in traffic,traffic density estimation at intersections,and traffic congestion sensing on a road.

关键词： Traffic surveillance multi-label segmentation random forest particle filter computer vision

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Recycled materials in railroad substructure: an energy perspective

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Railway Engineering Science 2022年第3期30卷 304-322页

作者： Buddhima Indraratna Yujie Qi Rakesh Sai Malisetty Sinniah KNavaratnarajah Fatima mehmood Miriam Tawk Transport Research Centre School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka School of Civil Mining and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW 2522Australia College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgailaKuwait

Given that the current ballasted tracks in Australia may not be able to support faster and significantly heavier freight trains as planned for the future,the imminent need for innovative and sustainable ballasted tracks for transport infrastructure is *** the past two decades,a number of studies have been conducted by the researchers of Transport Research Centre(TRC)at the University of Technology Sydney(UTS)to investigate the ability of recycled rubber mats,as well as waste tyre cells and granulated rubber to improve the stability of track substructure including ballast and subballast *** paper reviews four applications of these novel methods,including using recycled rubber products such as CWRC mixtures(i.e.,mixtures of coal wash(CW)and rubber crumbs(RC))and SEAL mixtures(i.e.,mixtures of steel furnace slag,CW and RC)to replace subballast/capping materials,tyre cells reinforcements for subballast/capping layer and under ballast mats;and investigates the energy dissipation capacity for each application based on smallscale cyclic triaxial tests and large-scale track model *** has been found that the inclusion of these rubber products increases the energy dissipation effect of the track,hence reducing the ballast degradation efficiently and increasing the track ***,a rheological model is also proposed to investigate the effect of different rubber inclusions on their efficiency to reduce the transient motion of rail track under dynamic *** outcomes elucidated in this paper will lead to a better understanding of the performance of ballast tracks upgraded with resilient rubber products,while promoting environmentally sustainable and more affordable ballasted tracks for greater passenger comfort and increased safety.

关键词： Ballast degradation Recycled rubber Energy dissipation Laboratory testing Rheological model

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Hybrid GrabCut Hidden Markov Model for Segmentation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 851-869页

作者： Soobia Saeed Afnizanfaizal Abdullah N.Z.Jhanjhi mehmood Naqvi Mehedi Masud Mohammed A.AlZain Department of Software Engineering UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia-UTM81310Malaysia School of Computer Science and Engineering SCE Taylor’s UniversitySubang Jaya47500Malaysia Department of Engineering and Technology Mohak CollegeAlbertaCanada Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

Diagnosing data or object detection in medical images is one of the important parts of image segmentation especially those data which is less effective to identify inMRI such as low-grade tumors or cerebral spinal fluid(CSF)leaks in the *** aim of the study is to address the problems associated with detecting the low-grade tumor and CSF in brain is difficult in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)images and another problem also relates to efficiency and less execution time for segmentation of medical *** tumor and CSF segmentation using trained light field database(LFD)datasets of MRI *** research proposed the new framework of the hybrid k-Nearest Neighbors(k-NN)model that is a combination of hybridization of Graph Cut and Support Vector Machine(GCSVM)and Hidden Markov Model of k-Mean Clustering Algorithm(HMMkC).There are four different methods are used in this research namely(1)SVM,(2)GrabCut segmentation,(3)HMM,and(4)k-mean clustering *** this framework,on the one hand,phase one is to perform the classification of SVM and Graph Cut algorithm to create the maximum margin *** research use GrabCut segmentation method which is the application of the graph cut algorithm and extract the data with the help of scaleinvariant features *** the other hand,in phase two,segment the low-grade tumors and CSF using a method adapted for HMkC and extract the information of tumor or CSF fluid by GCHMkC including iterative conditional maximizing mode(ICMM)with identifying the range of *** evaluation is also performing by the comparison of existing techniques in this *** conclusion,our proposed model gives better results than *** proposed model helps to common man and doctor that can identify their condition of brain *** future,this will model will use for other brain related diseases.

关键词： SVM tumor CSF k-NN MRI grabcut segmentation HMM

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Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Machine Intelligence throughDeep Transfer and Representational Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1631-1645页

作者： Fouzia Nawaz Muhammad Ramzan Khalid mehmood Hikmat Ullah Khan Saleem Hayat Khan Muhammad Raheel Bhutta Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan and School of Systems and TechnologyUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54782Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusIslamabadPakistan University Hospital Birmingham BirminghamUK Shifa International Hospital IslamabadPakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoulKorea

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal disease that causes irreversible *** occurs due to the high blood sugar level of the patient, and it is clumsy tobe detected at an early stage as no early symptoms appear at the initial level. To preventblindness, early detection and regular treatment are needed. Automated detectionbased on machine intelligence may assist the ophthalmologist in examining thepatients’ condition more accurately and efficiently. The purpose of this study is toproduce an automated screening system for recognition and grading of diabetic retinopathyusing machine learning through deep transfer and representational *** artificial intelligence technique used is transfer learning on the deep neural network,Inception-v4. Two configuration variants of transfer learning are applied onInception-v4: Fine-tune mode and fixed feature extractor mode. Both configurationmodes have achieved decent accuracy values, but the fine-tuning method outperformsthe fixed feature extractor configuration mode. Fine-tune configuration modehas gained 96.6% accuracy in early detection of DR and 97.7% accuracy in gradingthe disease and has outperformed the state of the art methods in the relevant literature.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence automated screening system machine learning deep neural network transfer and representational learning

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An Efficient Connectivity Restoration Technique(ECRT)for Wireless Sensor Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1003-1019页

作者： Mahmood ul Hassan Shahzad Ali Khalid Mahmood Muhammad Kashif Saeed Amin Al-Awady Kamran Javed ansar Munir Shah Department of Computer Skills Preparatory yearNajran UniversityNajran66241Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Jouf UniversityTubarjal74769Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Science and ArtsKing Khalid UniversityMahayil Asir63317Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Community College Mahayil AsirKing Khalid UniversityMahayil63718Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering National University of Technology(NUTECH)Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Institute of Southern PunjabMultan60000Pakistan

Node failure in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)is a fundamental problem because WSNs operate in hostile *** failure of nodes leads to network partitioning that may compromise the basic operation of the sensor *** deal with such situations,a rapid recovery mechanism is required for restoring inter-node *** to the immense importance and need for a recovery mechanism,several different approaches are proposed in the ***,the proposed approaches have shortcomings because they do not focus on energy-efficient operation and coverage-aware mechanisms while performing connectivity ***,most of these approaches rely on the excessive mobility of nodes for restoration connectivity that affects both coverage and energy *** paper proposes a novel technique called ECRT(Efficient Connectivity Restoration Technique).This technique is capable of restoring connectivity due to single and multiple node *** achieves energy efficiency by transmitting a minimal number of control *** is also coverage-aware as it relocates minimal nodes while trying to restore *** the help of extensive simulations,it is proven that ECRT is effective in connectivity restoration for single and multiple node *** also show that ECRT exchanges a much smaller number of packets than other ***,it also yields the least reduction in field coverage,proving its versatility for connectivity restoration.

关键词： Cut-vertex failure recovery network connectivity node relocation wireless sensor network node failures

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Optical Characterization of rf-Magnetron Sputtered Nanostructured SnO2 Thin Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第7期26卷 316-319页

作者： Abdul Faheem Khan Mazhar mehmood A. M. Rana M. T. Bhatti A. Mahmood National Centre for Nanotechnology Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) Islamabad 45650 Pakistan Department of Physics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan NILOP Islamabad 45650 Pakistan

Tin oxide （Sn02 ） thin films are deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering and annealed at various temperatures in the range of 100-500 ℃ for 15 min. Raman spectra of the annealed films depict the formation of a small amount of SnO phase in the tetragonal Sn02 matrix, which is verified by x-ray diffraction. The average particle size is found to be about 20-30 nm, as calculated from x-ray peak broadening and SEM images. Various optical parameters such as optical band gap energy, refractive index, optical conductivity, carrier mobility, carrier concentration etc. are determined from the optical transmittance and reflectance data recorded in the wavelength range 250-2500 nm. The results are analyzed and compared with the data in the literature.

关键词： NANOCRYSTALLINE SNO2 RAMAN-SCATTERING LOW-TEMPERATURE TIN OXIDE OXYGEN OXIDATION

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Abundance and Breeding of the Common Skittering Frog(Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis)and Bull Frog(Hoplobatrachus tigerinus)at Rawal Lake,Islamabad,Pakistan

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Asian Herpetological Research 2011年第4期2卷 245-250页

作者： Fozia TABASSUM Muhammad RAIS Maqsood ANWAR Tariq mehmood Iftikhar HUSSAIN Shahid ALI KHAN Department of Wildlife Management Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

The population density and breeding of two frog species, i. e., the Skittering Frog （Euphlyctis eyanophlyctis） and the Bull Frog （Hoplobatrachus tigerinus） were studied at Rawal Lake, Islamabad, Pakistan, by using visual encounter method from September 2009 to August 2010. Mean population density for the two frogs was 1.55 ± 0.44 frogs per ha, with that for the Skittering Frog being 1.09 ± 0.33 frogs/ha and that of the Bull Frog 0.46 ± 0.11 frog/ha, respectively. It is concluded that both frog species are explosive breeders, i. e., their breeding activities were confined to the first showers of the monsoon season. The mean spawn weight of the Skittering Frog was 1.5 g with more than 1000 eggs in each spawn, while that of the Bull Frog was 0.26 g with less than 1000 eggs in a spawn. The spawning sites of the two species were investigated in detail. Generally, no threat to their populations was observed. However, the opening of the spillway of Rawal Dam following the torrential rain destroyed the breeding sites of the frogs. It is maintained that the event did not produce any significant impact on their populations and breeding as the two species were quite common.

关键词： Ranidae population status breeding habitat destruction

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Haplotype Diversity at Sub1 Locus and Allelic Distribution Among Rice Varieties of Tide and Flood Prone Areas of South-East Asia

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Rice science 2017年第4期24卷 198-206页

作者： A.S.M.MASUDUZZAMAN Md.Maksudul HAQUE A.K.M.SHAMSUDDIN M.A.SALAM Md.ansar ALI Plant Breeding Division Bangladesh Rice Research InstituteGazipur 1701Bangladesh Scientific Officer(Golden Rice) Plant Breeding DivisionBangladesh Rice research InstituteGazipur 1701Bangladesh Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh 2202Bangladesh Director Research Bangladesh Rice Research InstituteGazipur 1701Bangladesh

Single nucleotide polymorphisms and restriction digestion-based haplotype variations among 160 flood prone rice varieties were analyzed with enzymes Alu I and Cac8 I to generate polymorphisms at Sub1A and Sub1C loci （conferring submergence tolerance）, respectively. Haplotype associated with phenotype was used to study the haplotype variations at Sub1A and Sub1C loci and to determine their functional influence on submergence tolerance and stem elongation. Three patterns at Sub1A locus, Sub1A0 （null allele）, Sub1A1 （does not cut） and Sub1A2 （one SNP）, and four patterns at Sub1C locus, Sub1C1, Sub1C2, Sub1C3 and Sub1C4, were generated. Both tolerant Sub1A1 and intolerant Sub1A2 had the same length, but the difference was presence of a restriction site in the Sub1A2, but absent at the Sub1A1. Further, two types of polymorphism were detected at the Sub1C, one included major length polymorphisms （165, 170 and 175 bp） and the other was a single restriction site at different position. Eight haplotypes （different combinations of the two loci）, A1C1, A1C2, A1C4, A2C2, A2C4, A0C2, A0C3 and A0C4, were detected among 160 varieties. Haplotype A1C1 was comparatively more related to haplotypes A1C2 and A1C4, having the same Sub1A allele, and these haplotypes were found only in Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan and Indian varieties. Most tolerant varieties in A1C1 haplotype showed slow elongation, having tolerant specific Sub1A1 and Sub1C1 alleles. Further, the varieties Madabaru and Kottamali （A2C2） also showed moderate level of tolerance without Sub1A1 allele. These varieties were different with FR13A and also suspected to carry different novel tolerant genes at other loci. These materials could be used for hybridization with Sub1 varieties for pyramiding additional tolerant specific alleles into a single genotype for improving submergence tolerance in rice.

关键词： haplotype Sub1 allele single nucleotide polymorphism submergence

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ethyl 2-(1-cyclohexyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-2-oxoacetate

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第11期33卷 1666-1672页

作者： MUHAMMAD Naeem Ahmed SHAHID Hameed KHAWAJA ansar Yasin IFZAN Arshad IHSAN-ul-Haq SAFEENA Zafar MUHAMMAD Nawaz Tahir Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam University University of Sargodha Department of Physics

A novel 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole（C18H21N3O3） was synthesized by a one-pot three component reaction of 1-azidocyclohexane, 1-copper（I） phenylethyne and ethoxalyl chloride at room temperature. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 12.8167（9）, b = 8.0966（6）, c = 16.7079（9） A, β = 98.716（2）°, Z = 4 and V = 1713.8（2）. In the crystal, the molecules are related by inversion and paired into dimers via C–H…O and C–O…C interactions involving（oxo） acetate groups. Furthermore, X-ray analysis results are compared with the optimized structure computed by using B3 LYP method with 6-311 G basis set. The calculated results showed that optimized geometry can well reproduce the crystal structure parameters. The bioassay results indicate that the compound has good antibacterial and antifungal activities.

关键词： click chemistry triazole cyclohexyl oxoacetate XRD antimicrobial

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Elemental composition of rice using calibration free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

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Optoelectronics Letters 2019年第1期15卷 57-63页

作者： Abdul Jabbar Mahmood Akhtar Arslan Ali Shaukat mehmood Sidra Iftikhar Muhmmad Aslam Baig Department of Physics Mirpur University of Science and Technology National Centre for Physics

In this paper, we apply laser induce breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to determine the elemental composition of different parts(root, stem and seed) of the rice plant and determine their weighted concentration using calibration free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) technique. Ca, Fe and K are identified as major elements, while C, Ti, Mg, Si, Li, Ba, Sr, Cr, Na and Al as minor elements. We also detect the H-alpha line of hydrogen in the spectrum and determine the electron number density. The electron number density and its behavior as a function of laser energy, laser wavelength and the detector position are investigated. The plasma temperatures of samples are determined, and the validity of the assumption of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) is discussed.

关键词： Elemental composition calibration breakdown spectroscopy

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