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Phytoremediation:A Green Technology to Remove Environmental Pollutants

American Journal of Climate Change 2013年第1期2卷 71-86页

作者： annie melinda paz-alberto Gilbert C.Sigua Institute for Climate Change and Environmental Management Central Luzon State UniversityScience City of MuñozPhilippines Coastal Plains Soil Water&Plant Research CenterAgricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureFlorenceUSA

Land, surface waters, and ground water worldwide, are increasingly affected by contaminations from industrial, research experiments, military, and agricultural activities either due to ignorance, lack of vision, carelessness, or high cost of waste disposal and treatment. The rapid build-up of toxic pollutants (metals, radionuclide, and organic contaminants in soil, surface water, and ground water) not only affects natural resources, but also causes major strains on ecosystems. Interest in phytoremediation as a method to solve environmental contamination has been growing rapidly in recent years. This green technology that involved “tolerant plants” has been utilized to clean up soil and ground water from heavy metals and other toxic organic compounds. Phytoremediation involves growing plants in a contaminated matrix to remove environmental contaminants by facilitating sequestration and/or degradation (detoxification) of the pollutants. Plants are unique organisms equipped with remarkable metabolic and absorption capabilities, as well as transport systems that can take up nutrients or contaminants selectively from the growth matrix, soil or water. As extensive as these benefits are, the costs of using plants along with other concerns like climatic restrictions that may limit growing of plants and slow speed in comparison with conventional methods (i.e., physical and chemical treatment) for bioremediation must be considered carefully. While the benefits of using phytoremediation to restore balance to a stressed environment seem to far outweigh the cost, the largest barrier to the advancement of phytoremediation could be the public opposition. The long-term implication of green plant technology in removing or sequestering environmental contaminations must be addressed thoroughly. As with all new technology, it is important to proceed with caution.

关键词： Phytoremediation Green Technology Pollutants Contaminants Toxic Metals

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Dagupan River Basin Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings Extracted from LiDAR Derived Datasets

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American Journal of Climate Change 2020年第4期9卷 454-479页

作者： annie melinda paz-alberto Jo Adrianne A. Espiritu Kathrina Mapanao Institute for Climate Change and Environmental Management Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241 oz Philippines

The Philippines has a geographical and geological setting of a typhoon-prone country. Tropical cyclones have a high incidence of passing through the Philippine islands during the months of September to November with an average time overland at 11 hours north of 14.5° contrasted to 20 hours south of 14.5°. Due to the frequent occurrence of typhoons and tropical cyclones in this country, most of the provinces of the Philippines experience flood-related disasters that affect the people, their livelihood and many infrastructures. It is deemed necessary for the Philippines to come up with strategies to prevent further damage to its people and their properties. In this study, through the use of important parameters such as earth observations, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Geographic Information System (GIS), assessment of buildings in Dagupan, the Philippines with the possibility of being affected by floods during different typhoon scenarios was done. GIS overlay analysis of the CLSU Phil-LiDAR 1 Project outputs, the 3D building GIS database, and flood hazard maps was done for the assessment. One (1) meter resolution LiDAR Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), geo-tagged video captured data and high-resolution images in Google Earth were used for processing and analysis to produce a 3D building GIS database. HEC HMS and HEC RAS were used to develop flood models that were used to produce flood hazard maps with different hazard levels. The results of this study were the series of flood exposure maps and vulnerability maps with statistics at different rainfall scenarios. Moreover, the buildings that will be affected by flood in the area were quantified and these were categorized according to their type. It was observed that as the rainfall return period increases, the number of buildings predicted to be exposed and vulnerable to flood also increases. The houses, business establis

关键词： Geographic Information System Flood Database Extraction Hazard

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Climate Change Community-Based and Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Strategies in Selected Coastal Barangays in Masinloc, Zambales, Philippines

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American Journal of Climate Change 2022年第4期11卷 342-362页

作者： Roann P. alberto annie melinda paz-alberto Carl Dionelle B. Ponce Kimberly Joy E. Mata Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241 oz Nueva Ecija Philippines

Climate change continues to intensify existing disaster risks and vulnerabilities in the Philippines. Thus, implementation of climate change adaptation strategies is vital to counter the effects of climate change. It is in this context that this study was undertaken to analyze the need or urgency to adopt community and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies among selected coastal barangays (villages) of Masinloc, Zambales, Philippines. Various methods of data collection were utilized such as secondary data collection, primary data collection through household survey, key informant interviews, and focus group. Results of the study indicate that in terms of community-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays in Masinloc have moderate necessity. However, only Barangays Bani and Collat have high adaptation capacity in terms of infrastructure and disaster preparedness. The execution of several community-based adaptation strategies helps these barangays to respond immediately and appropriately to the moderate risk posed by floods and storm surges. On the other hand, in terms of ecosystem-based adaptation strategies, all of the seven barangays have moderate necessity which implies that they have moderate vulnerability and risk to flood and storm surge but have high adaptation capacity in terms of the conservation and protection of coastal resources (mangroves and sea grasses). The barangays implemented the necessary ecosystem-based adaptation mechanisms that they might need in the future. This only means that when they are faced with disaster, the local communities are prepared to respond appropriately and to cope up with the effects of extreme weather events which lead to floods and storm surge. Even though most of the ecosystem-based adaptation strategies are conducted by the seven barangays, there are several community-based adaptation strategies that are still lacking which will protect them from the effect of floods and storm surges. Hence, carrying out t

关键词： Climate Change Necessity Community-Based Adaptation Strategies Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Strategies Disaster Risk Assessment

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Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability Assessment of Selected Municipalities and Agroecosystems to Support Development of Resilient Communities and Livelihoods in Nueva Ecija, Philippines

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American Journal of Climate Change 2018年第2期7卷 295-335页

作者： annie melinda paz-alberto Ma. Johanna J. de Dios Roann P. alberto Charles Hans Emmanuel A. De Guzman Institute for Climate Change and Environmental Management Central Luzon State University Mu&#241 oz Philippines College of Business Administration and Accountancy Central Luzon State University Mu&#241 oz Philippines

In the last decade, the Philippines had been hit severely by natural disasters brought about by climate change which caused great damages to agriculture. The objectives of the study were to assess climate change impacts and vulnerability of Bongabon, Gabaldon and Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija;to assess the vulnerability and suitability of growing various crops, goats and chicken;to generate vulnerability and suitability maps;and to validate the maps produced. A comprehensive scoping, profiling, vulnerability assessment and crop, chicken and goat suitability assessment of the municipalities and agroecosystems of the study sites was done. Generation and validation of the vulnerability and suitability maps were also conducted. Results revealed that Bongabon obtained moderate vulnerability to floods and typhoon while low vulnerability to drought and soil erosion. Gabaldon had moderate vulnerability to floods, soil erosion and drought while low vulnerability to typhoon. Cabanatuan City attained moderate vulnerability to floods and drought while low vulnerability to typhoon. There were four crops suitable to grow in the current condition with flood and landslide hazards and in the two projected future scenarios (RCP 4.5 with good conditions and RCP 8.5 with the worst conditions). Only three crops are highly suitable to grow in Gabaldon for the future conditions while in Cabanatuan City four crops are very suitable for the three situations. Native chicken and goats are highly suitable to raise in the three study sites for the three conditions. There were 16 vulnerability maps developed and generated in Bongabon, 16 in Gabaldon and only 12 in Cabanatuan City. Furthermore, 21 crop, chicken and goat suitability maps were produced in Bongabon, 27 maps in Gabaldon and 21 maps in Cabanatuan City. Overall, validation of the maps in the study sites had high accuracy.

关键词： Climate Change Impact Hazard Maps Vulnerability Crop Suitability Assessment

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Climate Change Vulnerability and Disaster Risk Assessment Using Remote Sensing Technology and Adaptation Strategies for Resiliency and Disaster Risk Management in Selected Coastal Municipalities of Zambales, Philippines

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American Journal of Climate Change 2021年第1期10卷 85-133页

作者： annie melinda paz-alberto Eliza Camaso Roann P. alberto Daryl A. Juganas Kathrina M. Mapanao Carl Dionelle B. Ponce Christopher Genaro Institute for Climate Change and Environmental Management Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241 oz Philippines

The Philippines is one of the most hazard prone and vulnerable countries in the world to climate change effects due to its geographical location. Climate change is already happening and affecting many places causing huge problems to coastal ecosystems. Vulnerability and disaster assessment and mapping in coastal areas are essential tasks and undertakings for coastal disaster risk management. The objectives of this study were to assess the climate change vulnerability and disaster risks in the four municipalities (Sta. Cruz, Candelaria, Masinloc and Palauig) of Zambales and to determine the climate change community-based adaptation (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) strategies. Remote sensing, GIS, secondary data gathering and key informant interview were used to assess vulnerability and disaster risks and mapping in the four municipalities. Survey questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview were utilized in gathering data for the determination of climate change adaptation strategies. Using remote sensing technology, it was revealed that coastline changes have occurred in the shorelines of the four coastal municipalities after a decade. Sea level rise happened in Sta. Cruz and Masinloc, Zambales while there was build-up of soil in the coastline of Candelaria and Palauig, Zambales. Twelve hazard maps, 12 vulnerability maps and 12 disaster risk maps were generated for the three major disasters (flood, landslide, storm surge) in the four coastal municipalities. Based on the flood vulnerability and disaster risk assessment, the municipality of Palauig was found to be the most prone to flooding while the municipality of Candelaria was found to be the most vulnerable to landslide compared to other municipalities. All coastal barangays in the four municipalities were susceptible to storm surge. The four coastal municipalities were conducting community-based adaptation (CBA) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) approaches in order to protect the

关键词： Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Disaster Risk Remote Sensing Community-Based Adaptation Ecosystem-Based Adaptation

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Assessment of the Diversity of Macro Aquatic Species in Amburayan River in Kapangan, Benguet in the Philippines

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2018年第3期8卷 323-354页

作者： Marx Perfecto C. Garcia annie melinda paz-alberto Tereso A. Abella Chito F. Sace Eric G. Claudio Arneil G. Gabriel Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Regional Office 1 Cordillera Administrative Region Baguio City Philippines Central Luzon State University Mu&ntilde oz City Philippines Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology Cabanatuan City Philippines Department of Public Administration Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology Cabanatuan City Philippines

Little is known about the diversity and status of endemic freshwater fishes which are valuable bio-indicators of ecosystem health and an integral part of a country’s natural heritage. Some of the less studied areas in the Philippines are the river systems in the Cordillera which are equally important as that of the other freshwater systems in the country. Amburayan River in Kapangan, Benguet is one of the rivers in the said region. Thus assessment study of the diversity of macro aquatic species was conducted to provide a baseline data in the formulation of resource management strategies and polices. By using a mixture of qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study determined and identified the presence of macro species in the study area. It applied the National Stock Assessment Program (NSAP) procedures in the gathering of samples while identification and determination of fish stocks were done by morphometric analysis of the catch with the help of available references and assistance of experts. This is later verified through submission of samples to the National Fisheries Research Development Institute (NFRDI) as part of the NSAP areas for DNA analysis. The measurement of the impacts of human activities to the river systems was done using the checklist method by Smith and Smith. The study found that there is low biodiversity of macro aquatic species in the area because of the presence of introduced species, illegal fishing practices, quarrying and mining activities. There are also no indigenous or traditional management measures conducted to conserve the river ecosystem biodiversity. The study recommended that similar study be done in other areas of the river and that the government agencies to undertake fisheries programs which would regulate the exploitation and utilization and allow regeneration of macro aquatic species in the river system.

关键词： Assessment Study Macro Aquatic Species River System The Philippines

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Tannins from Acacia mangium Bark as Natural Dyes for Textiles:Characteristics and Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1625-1637页

作者： Maya Ismayati Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat Fifi melinda Setiawati Wasrin Syafii Yuki Tobimatsu Deni Zulfiana Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts Research Organization for Life Sciences and EnvironmentNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jl.Raya Bogor KM 46CibinongBogor16911Indonesia Department of Forest Product Technology Faculty of ForestryIPB UniversityBogor16680Indonesia Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611-0011Japan Research Center for Applied Microbiology Research Organization for Life Sciences and EnvironmentNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jl.Raya Bogor KM 46CibinongBogor16911Indonesia

Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water *** research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic *** study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content,antioxidants,and antibacterial *** addition,Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry(Py-GCMS)analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of *** effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against four bacteria that are usually found on human skin:Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis,Propionibacterium acnes,and Staphylococcus *** temperature significantly influences the chemical composition of tannin,which leads to different antioxidant *** maximum antibacterial properties of tannin were obtained at 90℃with the inhibition zone in the range of 0.9–1.0 mm against four bacteria,tannin yield of 26.59%,Gallic Acid Equivalents or total phenolic content(GAE)of 40.30 mg/g,and Radical Scavenging Activity or antioxidant activity(RSA)of 89.88%.Moreover,the concentration of tannin was significantly linear with its antibacterial *** was successfully applied to the textile by using alum as a mordanting agent to create an antibacterial *** textile’s bacterial structure damage was analyzed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM).After 50 washings,tannin-textiles with alum-modified properties remained stable compared to those without alum,with *** and *** being the most vulnerable bacteria,as confirmed by FESEM ***,tannin is a feasible alternative to harmful and nondegradable synthetic dyes and antibacterial agents.

关键词： Acacia mangium tannin antibacterial antioxidant different temperature extraction dyes

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极端干旱与食草昆虫对草原群落的交互作用受干旱模式的影响

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第3期17卷 128-140页

作者： Ye Luo Yuguang Ke Hongqiang Wang Chong Xu Qian Gu Qiang Yu melinda D.Smith Rajabboy Madrimov Nuriddin Samatov Wei Yang Honghui Wu State Key Laboratory of Effcient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Research Institute of Environment and Nature Conservation Technologies of the Ministry of Ecology Environmental Protectionand Climate Change of the Republic of UzbekistanTashkent 100043Uzbekistan Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences Tashkent 100128Uzbekistan Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

极端干旱和食草昆虫可以共同影响植物群落,并且它们的交互作用可能受到干旱模式的影响。然而,目前尚缺乏相关的观测证据。本研究以半干旱草原为研究对象,通过控制实验探讨了不同极端干旱模式与食草昆虫的交互作用对植物群落的影响。实... 详细信息

极端干旱和食草昆虫可以共同影响植物群落,并且它们的交互作用可能受到干旱模式的影响。然而,目前尚缺乏相关的观测证据。本研究以半干旱草原为研究对象,通过控制实验探讨了不同极端干旱模式与食草昆虫的交互作用对植物群落的影响。实验设置了3种干旱处理,分别为对照(自然降雨量)、慢性干旱(生长季5–8月减少66%降雨量)和急性干旱(6–7月完全无降雨)。在各小区设置了两种食草昆虫处理,分别是有食草昆虫和无食草昆虫。结果表明,食草昆虫和极端干旱及二者的交互作用对物种丰富度无显著影响。食草昆虫缓解了慢性干旱对总盖度的负面影响,而这种缓解作用在急性干旱下较低。食草昆虫对慢性干旱带来的负面效应具有更强的缓解作用,这主要是因为食草昆虫导致慢性干旱下适口性较高的杂类草(具有较低叶片碳含量、叶片干物质含量,以及较低叶片淀粉、钙、镁、锰含量)的大幅降低,进而降低了禾草的负面效应。上述结果表明,干旱和食草昆虫的交互作用受干旱模式的影响。通过调节植物的适口性来控制食草昆虫的采食行为,可以减轻极端干旱对草原生态系统的影响。

关键词：急性干旱慢性干旱半干旱草原食草昆虫极端气候

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内蒙古草原优势物种光合速率对极端干旱的响应

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第3期17卷 5-15页

作者： Yalong Shi Yuanbo Cao Honghui Wu Chong Xu Qiang Yu Xiaoan Zuo Xingguo Han melinda D.Smith Alan K.Knapp Chengjie Wang Guodong Han State Key Laboratory of Effcient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China China Rida Investment and Development Group Corp Ltd Beijing 100040China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Urat Desert-grassland Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA College of Grassland Resource and EnvironmentalInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010011China

评估极端干旱对优势植物物种光合速率(Pn)的影响对于我们理解极端干旱影响生态系统功能的机制至关重要。极端干旱可能由降雨量减少或降雨频率减少造成。这两种不同模式的极端干旱可能造成不同的影响。此外,不同草原类型可能对这两种极... 详细信息

评估极端干旱对优势植物物种光合速率(Pn)的影响对于我们理解极端干旱影响生态系统功能的机制至关重要。极端干旱可能由降雨量减少或降雨频率减少造成。这两种不同模式的极端干旱可能造成不同的影响。此外,不同草原类型可能对这两种极端干旱模式表现出不同的敏感性。然而,目前尚不清楚这两种极端干旱模式对草原优势植物物种Pn的影响有何差异,以及在不同草原类型这两种不同模式的极端干旱的效应是否改变。为此,我们于2014年在内蒙古草原两个不同类型的草原(荒漠草原vs.典型草原)站点各进行了一项多年的极端干旱(CHR:将生长季期间每次降雨事件的降雨量减少66%***:完全排除生长季内一段较短时间的降水)模拟实验。于2017年的7月和8月,我们在这两个草原站点各测量了两种优势物种的Pn。结果发现,CHR和INT均显著降低了优势物种的Pn。无论草原类型如何,INT对Pn造成的负面影响都更大。在荒漠草原,极端干旱对Pn的负面影响普遍大于典型草原,尤其是对于CHR处理下的羊草(Leymus chinensis)。这些结果表明,与降雨量减少相比,降雨频率减少所引起的极端干旱对Pn的负面影响更大。草地类型可能会改变极端干旱模式效应的程度,但不会改变其方向。这些发现强调了应对未来极端干旱的草原生态系统管理应考虑极端干旱模式和草地类型的影响。

关键词：极端气候荒漠草原典型草原极端干旱模式季节性干旱

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住院患者认知障碍识别和信息管理的整合性综述

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 120-132页

作者：熊蓓蓓 Daniel X.Bailey Paul Prudon Elaine M.Pascoe Leonard C.Gray Frederick Graham Amanda Henderson melinda Martin-Khan Centre for Health Services Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia Dementia and Delirium Division of MedicinePrincess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Nursing Practice Development Unit Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and Social SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityBrisbaneAustralia Griffith Health Griffith UniversityBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and ParamedicineThe University of the Sunshine CoastBrisbaneAustralia Department of Health and Life Sciences University of ExeterExeterUnited Kingdom School of Nursing University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeCanada

目的旨在对目前提供急性照护的医院识别认知障碍患者以及在病历中记录和管理认知相关信息的实际情况及政策要求和推荐方法进行综述。方法采用Whittemore和Knaf1的五步法,系统检索Medline,CINAHL和Scopus数据库,并检索了灰色文献来源。... 详细信息

目的旨在对目前提供急性照护的医院识别认知障碍患者以及在病历中记录和管理认知相关信息的实际情况及政策要求和推荐方法进行综述。方法采用Whittemore和Knaf1的五步法,系统检索Medline,CINAHL和Scopus数据库,并检索了灰色文献来源。纳人了提供急性照护的医院已实施的患者认知障碍识别和认知信息管理相关的文献。采用混合方法评价工具和灰色文献质量评估清单对文章质量进行评价。采用主题分析法呈现和整合结果。该综述已在PROSPERO预注册(CRD42022343577)。结果共22篇原始研究文献和10篇政府/行业文件被纳人分析。结果显示,实践和政策之间存在差距。尽管在政策层面上高度重视认知障碍的识别、认知相关信息的透明度,以及与患者、家属和照顾者(如适用)之间的互动,但有时在临床实践中,认知评估是非正式的,患者的认知相关信息未作记录,与患者、家属和照顾者的互动也存在不足。结论.通过整合认知评估,利用信息技术开发信息管理综合系统,建立相关法律法规,提供教育与和培训,并采用国家层面的策略,有可能显著改善对认知障碍患者的识别和护理。

关键词：急性照护认知功能障碍数据透明度谵妄痴呆健康信息管理与患者互动.

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