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New early Eocene vertebrate assemblage from western India reveals a mixed fauna of European and Gondwana affinities

Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第6期7卷 969-1001页

作者： Thierry Smith Kishor Kumar Rajendra S.Rana annelise folie Floreal Sole Corentin Noiret Thomas Steeman Ashok Sahni Kenneth D.Rose Directorate Earth and History of Life Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology 33 General Mahadeo Singh RoadDehradun248001UttarakhandIndia Department of Geology H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar246175UttarakhandIndia Scientific Heritage Survey Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Department of Geology University of Namur61 rue de BruxellesB-5000NamurBelgium Research Unit Palaeontology Ghent UniversityKrijgslaan 28158B-9000GhentBelgium Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA

The Ypresian Cambay Shale Formation at Vastan and Mangrol lignite mines in Gujarat, western India, has yielded a rich vertebrate fauna with numerous taxa of European affinities. Here we report a new, approximately contemporary vertebrate assemblage from two fossiliferous layers in the nearby mine of Tadkeshwar. These layers have yielded a similar mammal fauna with the co-occurrence of the perissodactyl-like cambaytheriid Cambaytherium thewissi, the adapoid primates Marcgodinotius indicus and cf. Asiadapis cambayensis, and the hyaenodontid lndohyaenodon raoi. The presence of these species in both Vastan and Tadkeshwar mines and at different levels suggests that the deposits between the two major lignite seams represent a single land mammal age. Apart from the aforementioned species there is a new, smaller species of Cambaytherium, and a new genus and species of esthonychid tillodont. This fauna also contains the first large early Eocene vertebrates from India, including an unidentified Coryphodon-like pantodont, a dyrosaurid crocodyliform and a new giant madtsoiid snake. Among the Tadkeshwar vertebrates several taxa are of Gondwana affinities, such as Pelomedusoides turtles, dyr- osaurids, and large madtsoiids, attesting that the early Eocene was a crucial period in India during which Laurasian taxa of European affinities co-existed with relict taxa from Gondwana before the India-Asia collision. Our results suggest that terrestrial faunas could have dispersed to or from Europe during episodes of contact between the Indian subcontinent and different island blocks along the northern margin of the Neotethys, such as the Kohistan Ladakh island-arc system. Gondwana taxa might represent remnants of ghost lineages shared with Madagascar, which reached the Indian subcontinent during the late Cretaceous; alternatively they might have come from North Africa and passed along the southern margin of the Neotethys to reach the Indian subcontinent. These dispersals would have been

关键词： Vertebrates Snakes Mammals Primates Cambay Shale Formation Ypresian

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Reassessment of historical sections from the Paleogene marine margin of the Congo Basin reveals an almost complete absence of Danian deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1039-1063页

作者： Floréal Solé Corentin Noiret Delphine Desmares Sylvain Adnet Louis Taverne Thierry De Putter Florias Mees Johan Yans Thomas Steeman Stephen Louwye annelise folie Nancy J.Stevens Gregg F.Gunnell Daniel Baudet Nicole Kitambala Yaya Thierry Smith Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS) Operational Directorate Earth and History of Life University of Namur (UNamur) Department of Geology Rue de Bruxelles 61 Sorbonne Université UPMC Paris 06 UMR 7207 (CR2P) UMR 5554-Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution Université Montpellier Place E.Bataillon Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) Geodynamics and Mineral Resources Leuvensesteenweg 13 Ghent University (UGent) Department of Geology Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS) Heritage Scientific Survey Ohio University Department of Biomedical Sciences Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Duke University Lemur Center Division of Fossil Primates (DFP) Centre de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (CRGM) 44 av.de la Démocratie Kinshasa Gombe

The early Paleogene is critical for understanding global biodiversity patterns in modern ecosystems. During this interval, Southern Hemisphere continents were largely characterized by isolation and faunal endemism following the breakup of Gondwana. Africa has been proposed as an important source area for the origin of several marine vertebrate groups but its Paleogene record is poorly sampled, especially from sub-Saharan Africa. To document the early Paleogene marine ecosystems of Central Africa, we revised the stratigraphic context of sedimentary deposits from three fossil-rich vertebrate localities: the Landana section in the Cabinda exclave(Angola), and the Manzadi and Bololo localities in western Democratic Republic of *** provide more refined age constraints for these three localities based on invertebrate and vertebrate faunas, foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, and carbon isotope records. We find an almost complete absence of Danian-aged rocks in the Landana section, contrary to prevailing interpretations over the last half a century(only the layer 1, at the base of the section, seems to be Danian). Refining the age of these Paleocene layers is crucial for analyzing fish evolution in a global framework, with implications for the early appearance of Scombridae(tunas and mackerels) and Tetraodontiformes(puffer fishes). The combination of vertebrate fossil records from Manzadi and Landana sections suggests important environmental changes around the K/Pg transition characterized by an important modification of the ichthyofauna. A small faunal shift may have occurred during the Selandian. More dramatic is the distinct decrease in overall richness that lasts from the Selandian to the Ypresian. The Lutetian of West Central Africa is characterized by the first appearance of numerous cartilaginous and bony fishes. Our analysis of the ichthyofauna moreover indicates two periods of faunal exchanges: one during the Paleocene, where Central Africa app

关键词： Central Africa Paleogene Stratigraphy Carbon isotope Planktonic foraminifera Vertebrates

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橡胶型材的连续生产——挤出生产线工艺的现状

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橡胶参考资料 1997年第8期27卷 46-50页

作者： Gerhard folie 任丽颖

前言本文将以实用的角度出发讨论橡胶型材连续生产的生产线工艺的进展。

关键词：橡胶型材挤出生产线工艺

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