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Virologica Sinica 2014年第2期29卷 136-138页

作者： Dipongkor Saha Rubén Del Pozo Sacristán Nicolaas Van Renne Liping Huang Ruben Decaluwe annelies michiels Alfonso Lopez Rodriguez Maria José Rodrí-guez Margarita García Durán Ilse Declerk Dominiek Maes Hans J. Nauwynck Laboratory of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Brain Tumor Research Center Department of Molecular Neurosurgery Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Obstetrics Reproduction and Herd Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Ingenasa Hermanos García Noblejas

Dear Editor,Fetuses develop antibodies when they are infectedwith porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2).At abortion orbirth,both PCV2 and/or anti-PCV2 antibodies can thenbe *** anti-PCV2 antibodies in aborted fe-tuses or stillborn piglets is generally used as evidence ofan intra-uterine PCV2 ***,a recent anal-ysis of fetuses sent in for PCV2 diagnosis and caesare-an-derived,colostrum-deprived pigs revealed that

关键词：猪圆环病毒2型 PCV2 流产胎儿胎盘屏障母猪感染子宫诊断

Is a catalyst always beneficial in plasma catalysis? Insights from the many physical and chemical interactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 501-533,I0013页

作者： Björn Loenders Roel michiels Annemie Bogaerts Research group PLASMANT Department of ChemistryUniversity of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 1B-2610 Wilrijk-AntwerpBelgium

Plasma-catalytic dry reforming of CH_(4)(DRM) is promising to convert the greenhouse gasses CH_(4) and CO_(2) into value-added chemicals, thus simultaneously providing an alternative to fossil resources as feedstock for the chemical industry. However, while many experiments have been dedicated to plasma-catalytic DRM, there is no consensus yet in literature on the optimal choice of catalyst for targeted products,because the underlying mechanisms are far from understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is very complex,as it encompasses various chemical and physical interactions between plasma and catalyst, which depend on many parameters. This complexity hampers the comparison of experimental results from different studies, which, in our opinion, is an important bottleneck in the further development of this promising research field. Hence, in this perspective paper, we describe the important physical and chemical effects that should be accounted for when designing plasma-catalytic experiments in general, high-lighting the need for standardized experimental setups, as well as careful documentation of packing properties and reaction conditions, to further advance this research field. On the other hand, many parameters also create many windows of opportunity for further optimizing plasma-catalytic ***, various experiments also reveal the lack of improvement in plasma catalysis compared to plasma-only, specifically for DRM, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we present our newly developed coupled plasma-surface kinetics model for DRM, to provide more insight in the underlying reasons. Our model illustrates that transition metal catalysts can adversely affect plasmacatalytic DRM, if radicals dominate the plasma-catalyst interactions. Thus, we demonstrate that a good understanding of the plasma-catalyst interactions is crucial to avoiding conditions at which these interactions negatively affect the results, and we provide some recommendations for im

关键词： Plasma catalysis Dry reforming of methane Discharges Reaction kinetics Modelling

Calcium supplementation in low nutrient density diet for meat ducksimproves breast meat tenderness associated with myocyte apoptosisand proteolytic changes

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 49-59页

作者： Huaiyong Zhang Quifeng Zeng Shiping Bai Jianping Wang Xuemei Ding Yue Xuan Zhuowei Su Joris michiels Keying Zhang Institute of Animal Nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Chin1Ministry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China College of Animal Science and Technology Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou450002China Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent UniversityGhent9000Belgium

To define the relationship between dietary nutrient density, calcium (Ca), and meat quality in meatducks. A total of 288 male Cherry Valley SM3 medium ducklings were fed a common standard starter dietuntil d 14. At 15 d of age, ducks were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups and fed either a conventionaldiet or a low nutrient density (LND) diet. Compared with the conventional diet, the energy wasreduced in the LND diet by 8.6% and 16.8% in grower (15 to 35 d) and finisher (36 to 56 d) phases,respectively, while other essential nutrients were kept proportionate to energy. The LND diet decreasedthe shear force (P < 0.05) and increased the lightness values of the pectoralis muscle when compared tothe conventional diet, suggesting that LND diet exerted a beneficial role in meat quality. Subsequently,the effects of grated Ca in the LND diet on meat quality of pectoralis muscle were evaluated. A total of 576male ducklings were fed a common starter diet until d 14, followed by feeding 4 LND diets with 0.5%,0.7%, 0.9%, and 1.1% Ca. The results show that LND diets with 0.7% or more Ca decreased the shear force ofpectoralis major muscle in 42-d-old meat ducks (P < 0.05). To explore the mechanism underlying Ca andtenderness, data from birds fed either 0.5% or 1.1% Ca in the LND diet indicated that birds fed 1.1% Caexhibited lower shear force, upregulated calpains 1 expression, and higher calpains activity compared tothose fed the LND diet with 0.5% Ca (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 1.1% Ca LND diet induced a higher myocyteapoptosis (P =0.06) and upregulated mRNA expression of caspase-3 (P =0.07) in breast muscle. Our datasuggest that LND diets with 0.9% or 1.1% Ca had a positive role in the tenderness of breast meat,particularly the enhancing effect of 1.1% Ca LND diet on tenderness seems to be associated with proteolyticchanges of myofibrillar proteins and myocyte apoptosis in meat ducks.

关键词： Nutrient density Ca Tenderness Meat duck

Dietary resistant starch alleviates Escherichia coli-induced bone loss in meat ducks by promoting short-chain fatty acid production and inhibiting Malt1/NF-κB inflammasome activation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 261-277页

作者： Huaiyong Zhang Simeng Qin Xiangli Zhang Pengfei Du Yao Zhu Yanqun Huang Joris michiels Quifeng Zeng Wen Chen College of Animal Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and NutritionMinistry of AgricultureHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China. Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University9000 GhentBelgium. Institute of Animal Nutrition Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition of ChinaMinistry of EducationSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China.

Background:Escherichia coli(***)infection in humans and animals usually comes with gut dysbiosis,which is potential culprit to skeletal health,it is still unclear to whether diet interfered gut microbiome changes can be a protective strategy to bone loss ***,the effects of resistant starch from raw potato starch(RPS),a type of prebiotic,on ***-induced bone loss and gut microbial composition in meat ducks were ***:The results showed that dietary 12%RPS treatment improved bone quality,depressed bone resorption,and attenuated the pro-inflammatory reaction in both ileum and bone ***,the 12%RPS diet also increased the abundance of Firmicutes in ***-treated birds,along with higher production of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)especially propionate and *** addition ofβ-acid,an inhibitor of bacterial SCFAs production,to the drinking water of ducks fed 12%RPS diet significantly decreased SCFAs level in cecum content and eliminated RPS-induced tibial mass ***,treatment with MI-2 to abrogate mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1(Malt1)activity replicated the protective role of dietary 12%RPS in ***-induced bone loss including reduced the inhibition on nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)inflammasome activation,decreased bone resorption,and improved bone quality,which were correlated with comparable and higher regulatory T cells(Treg)frequency in MI-2 and 12%RPS group,***:These findings suggested that the diet with 12%RPS could alleviate ***-induced bone loss in meat ducks by changing the gut microbial composition and promoting concomitant SCFAs production,and consequently inhibiting Malt1/NF-κB inflammasome activation and Treg cells expansion.

关键词： Bone loss Malt1/NF-κB signalling Microbiota Resistant starch SCFAs

Optic nerve injury-induced regeneration in the adult zebrafish is accompanied by spatiotemporal changes in mitochondrial dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 219-225页

作者： An Beckers Luca Masin annelies Van Dyck Steven Bergmans Sophie Vanhunsel Anyi Zhang Tine Verreet Fabienne EPoulain Karl Farrow Lieve Moons Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group Animal Physiology and Neurobiology SectionDepartment of BiologyKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Poulain Lab Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie(VIB)LeuvenBelgium Leuven Brain Institute LeuvenBelgium Imec LeuvenBelgium

Axonal regeneration in the central nervous system is an energy-intensive *** contrast to mammals,adult zebrafish can functionally recover from neuronal *** raises the question of how zebrafish can cope with this high energy *** previously showed that in adult zebrafish,subjected to an optic nerve crush,an antagonistic axon-dendrite interplay exists wherein the retraction of retinal ganglion cell dendrites is a prerequisite for effective axonal *** postulate a‘dendrites for regeneration’paradigm that might be linked to intraneuronal mitochondrial reshuffling,as ganglion cells likely have insufficient resources to maintain dendrites and restore axons ***,we characterized both mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial dynamics within the different ganglion cell compartments(dendrites,somas,and axons)during the regenerative *** nerve crush resulted in a reduction of mitochondria in the dendrites during dendritic retraction,whereafter enlarged mitochondria appeared in the optic nerve/tract during axonal *** dendritic regrowth in the retina,mitochondrial density inside the retinal dendrites returned to baseline ***,a transient increase in mitochondrial fission and biogenesis was observed in retinal ganglion cell somas after optic nerve *** together,these findings suggest that during optic nerve injury-induced regeneration,mitochondria shift from the dendrites to the axons and back again and that temporary changes in mitochondrial dynamics support axonal and dendritic regrowth after optic nerve crush.

关键词： axonal regeneration central nervous system dendrite remodeling energy metabolism fission mitochondria mitochondrial trafficking optic nerve crush retina zebrafish

25-hydroxycholecalciferol reverses heat induced alterations in bone quality in finisher broilers associated with effects on intestinal integrity and inflammation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 499-519页

作者： Huaiyong Zhang Maryam Majdeddin Djoere Gaublomme Bernard Taminiau Matthieu Boone Dirk Elewaut George Daube Iván Josipovic Keying Zhang Joris michiels Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University9000 GhentBelgium Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition Ministry of EducationInstitute of Animal NutritionSichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an 611130SichuanChina Unit Molecular Immunology and Inflammation VIB Center for Inflammation ResearchGhent University and Department of RheumatologyGhent University Hospital9000 GhentBelgium Department of Food Sciences-Microbiology University of Liège4000 LiègeBelgium Ghent University Centre for X-ray Tomography(UGCT) Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Physics and Astronomy Radiation Physics Research GroupGhent University9000 GhentBelgium

Background:Alterations in ambient temperature have been associated with multiple detrimental effects on broilers such as intestinal barrier disruption and dysbiosis resulting in systemic *** and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol(25-OH-D_(3))have shown to play a negative and positive role,respectively,in the regulation of bone *** the potential of 25-OH-D_(3)in alleviating heat induced bone alterations and its mechanisms was ***:Heat stress(HS)directly induced a decrease in tibia material properties and bone mass,as demonstrated by lower mineral content,and HS caused a notable increase in intestinal *** with dietary 25-OH-D_(3)reversed the HS-induced bone loss and barrier *** suffering from HS exhibited dysbiosis and increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in the ileum and bone marrow,as well as increased osteoclast number and *** changes were prevented by dietary 25-OH-D_(3)***,dietary 25-OH-D_(3)addition decreased abundance of B-and T-cells in blood,and the expression of inflammatory cytokines,especially TNF-α,in both the ileum and bone marrow,but did not alter the diversity and population or composition of major bacterial *** regard to bone remodeling,dietary 25-OH-D_(3)supplementation was linked to a decrease in serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen reflecting bone resorption and a concomitant decrement in osteoclast-specific marker genes expression(*** K),whereas it did not apparently change serum bone formation markers during ***:These data underscore the damage of HS to intestinal integrity and bone health,as well as that dietary 25-OH-D_(3)supplementation was identified as a potential therapy for preventing these adverse effects.

关键词： Bone remodeling HS Inflammation Intestinal barrier Tibial mass

Fermented liquid feed for pigs： an ancient technique for the future

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： Joris AM Missotten Joris michiels Jeroen Degroote Stefaan De Smet Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality Department of Animal ProductionGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Department of Applied Biosciences Ghent UniversityValentin Vaerwyckweg 1B-9000 GhentBelgium

Fermented liquid feed is feed that has been mixed with water at a ratio ranging from 1：1.5 to 1：4. By mixing with water lactic acid bacteria and yeasts naturally occurring in the feed proliferate and produce lactic acid, acetic acid and ethano which reduces the pH of the mixture. This reduction in pH inhibits pathogenic organisms from developing in the feed. In addition, when this low pH mixture is fed, it reduces the pH in the stomach of pigs and prevents the proliferation of pathogens such as coliforms and Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract. For piglets, the use of fermented liquid feed offers the possibility of simultaneously providing feed and water, which may facilitate an easier transition from sow＇s milk to solid feed. Secondly, offering properly produced fermented liquid feed may strengthen the role of the stomach as the first line of defense against possible pathogenic infections by lowering the pH in the gastrointestinal tract thereby helping to exclude enteropathogens. Finally, feeding fermented liquid feed to pigs has been shown to improve the performance of suckling pigs, weaner pigs and growing-finishing pigs. In this review, current knowledge about the use of fermented liquid feed in pig diets will be discussed. This will include a discussion of the desirable properties of fermented liquid feed and factors affecting fermentation. In addition, advantages and disadvantages of fermented liquid feed will be discussed including its effects on gastrointestinal health, intestinal pH and the types of bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract as well as the effects of fermented liquid feeds on pig performance.

关键词： Fermented liquid feed Lactobacillus spp Pigs Probiotics Yeasts

How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第11期11卷 1027-1038页

作者： annelies Falter Maarten J A Van Den Bossche Department of Geriatric Psychiatry University Psychiatric Center KU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium Center for Neuropsychiatry Research Group PsychiatryDepartment of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteKU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary *** attempts to identify characteristic factors that are associated with the presence of the AD pathology on the one hand and that increase the risk of developing AD on the *** in non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep may meet both requirements for various ***,NREM-sleep is important for optimal memory *** addition,studies report that the presence of AD pathology is associated with NREM-sleep ***,more and more results appear to suggest that sleep problems are not only a symptom of AD but can also increase the risk of *** of these studies suggest that it is primarily a lack of NREM-sleep that is responsible for this increased ***,the majority investigated sleep only through subjective reporting,as a result of which NREMsleep could not be analyzed *** aim of this literature study is therefore to present the results of the studies that relate the AD pathology and NREM-sleep(registered by electroencephalography).Furthermore,we try to evaluate whether NREM-sleep analysis could be used to support the diagnosis of AD and whether NREM-sleep deficiency could be a causal factor in the development of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Mild cognitive impairment Sleep Non-rapid eye movement sleep Amyloid beta-peptides Tau proteins Electroencephalography

The Group A Streptococcus Interleukin-8 Protease SpyCEP Promotes Bacterial Intracellular Survival by Evasion of Autophagy

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第3期4卷 116-123页

作者： RenéBergmann Giuseppe Gulotta Federica Andreoni Tomoko Sumitomo Shigetada Kawabata annelies S.Zinkernagel Gursharan S.Chhatwal Victor Nizet Manfred Rohde Satoshi Uchiyama Central Unit for Microscopy(ZEIM) Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology Osaka University Graduate School of DentistrySuita-OsakaJapan Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics Department of PediatricsUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCalifornia

Autophagy serves an innate immune function in defending the host against invading bacteria,including group A Streptococcus(GAS).Autophagy is regulated by numerous host proteins,including the endogenous negative regulator calpain,a cytosolic *** disseminated serotypeM1T1 GAS strains associated with high invasive disease potential express numerous virulence factors and resist autophagic *** in vitro infection of human epithelial cell lines with representative wild-type GAS M1T1 strain 5448(M1.5448),we observed increased calpain activation linked to a specific GAS virulence factor,the interleukin-8 protease *** activation inhibited autophagy and decreased capture of cytosolic GAS in *** contrast,the serotype M6 GAS strain JRS4(***4),which is highly susceptible to host autophagy-mediated killing,expresses low levels of SpyCEP and does not activate *** of SpyCEP in ***4 stimulated calpain activation,inhibited autophagy,and significantly decreased bacterial capture in *** paired loss-and gain-of-function studies reveal a novel role for the bacterial protease SpyCEP in enabling GAS M1 evasion of autophagy and host innate immune clearance.

关键词： group A Streptococcus SpyCEP virulence factor epithelial cells intracellular survival autophagy xenophagy calpain

Association between heat stress and oxidative stress in poultry;mitochondrial dysfunction and dietary interventions with phytochemicals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Abdollah Akbarian Joris michiels Jeroen Degroote Maryam Majdeddin Abolghasem Golian Stefaan De Smet Department of Animal Production Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product QualityGhent UniversityProefhoevestraat 10Melle 9090Belgium Centre of Excellence in the Animal Science Department Ferdowsi University of MashhadP.O.Box:91775-1163MashhadIran Department of Applied Biosciences Ghent UniversityValentin Vaerwyckweg 1Ghent 9000Belgium

Heat as a stressor of poultry has been studied extensively for many decades; it affects poultry production on a worldwide basis and has significant impact on well-being and production. More recently, the involvement of heat stress in inducing oxidative stress has received much interest. Oxidative stress is defined as the presence of reactive species in excess of the available antioxidant capacity of animal cells. Reactive species can modify several biologically cellular macromolecules and can interfere with cell signaling pathways. Furthermore, during the last decade, there has been an ever-increasing interest in the use of a wide array of natural feed-delivered phytochemicals that have potential antioxidant properties for poultry. In light of this, the current review aims to（1） summarize the mechanisms through which heat stress triggers excessive superoxide radical production in the mitochondrion and progresses into oxidative stress,（2） illustrate that this pathophysiology is dependent on the intensity and duration of heat stress,（3） present different nutritional strategies for mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction, with particular focus on antioxidant *** stress that occurs with heat exposure can be manifest in all parts of the body; however, mitochondrial dysfunction underlies oxidative stress. In the initial phase of acute heat stress, mitochondrial substrate oxidation and electron transport chain activity are increased resulting in excessive superoxide production. During the later stage of acute heat stress, down-regulation of avian uncoupling protein worsens the oxidative stress situation causing mitochondrial dysfunction and tissue damage. Typically, antioxidant enzyme activities are upregulated. Chronic heat stress, however, leads to downsizing of mitochondrial metabolic oxidative capacity, up-regulation of avian uncoupling protein, a clear alteration in the pattern of antioxidant enzyme activities, and depletion of antioxidant reserve

关键词： Antioxidant enzymes Avian uncoupling protein Electron transport chain Flavonoids Heat Stress Mitochondrion Oxidative stress Poultry