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Mainstreaming the nexus approach in climate services will enable coherent local and regional climate policies

Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第5期12卷 752-755页

作者： Nicu Constantin TUDOSE Roger CREMADES annelies broekman Anabel SANCHEZ-PLAZA Hermine MITTER Mirabela MARIN National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry“Marin Dracea”(INCDS) Ilfov County077190Romania Wageningen University and Research Leeuwenborch BuildingWageningenKN6706the Netherlands Climate Service Center Germany(GERICS) Hamburg20095Germany CREAF Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsCataloniaE08193Spain Institute for Sustainable Economic Development Department of Economics and Social SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna1180Austria Transilvania University of Brașov Brasov500036Romania

The current challenges that society faces call for actions fostering climate change adaptation and long-term sustainability grounded in effective policies. Consequently, to raise environmental resilience and sustain human wellbeing, we need to overhaul the policy-making process towards a ‘holistic approach’. The nexus approach has proven a valuable tool for identifying gaps and incoherencies in current policies, for understanding major interlinkages across sectors and scales, and for promoting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Nevertheless, a ‘silo approach’ to decision making currently prevails, thus achieving cross-sectoral and cross-scale harmonization still remains a challenge in policy-making. In response to this challenge, the next step in the science–policy–practice interface is to integrate the nexus approach in the ‘climate services’ arena, in order to support integrated policies. Climate services embody a bridge between researchers and stakeholders, and by supporting integrated policies they will ensure synergies between sectors and scales, reduce potential trade-offs, and enable co-benefits.

关键词： Stakeholders Nexus Climate services Cross-sectoral policies Climate resilience

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Optic nerve injury-induced regeneration in the adult zebrafish is accompanied by spatiotemporal changes in mitochondrial dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 219-225页

作者： An Beckers Luca Masin annelies Van Dyck Steven Bergmans Sophie Vanhunsel Anyi Zhang Tine Verreet Fabienne EPoulain Karl Farrow Lieve Moons Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group Animal Physiology and Neurobiology SectionDepartment of BiologyKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Poulain Lab Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie(VIB)LeuvenBelgium Leuven Brain Institute LeuvenBelgium Imec LeuvenBelgium

Axonal regeneration in the central nervous system is an energy-intensive *** contrast to mammals,adult zebrafish can functionally recover from neuronal *** raises the question of how zebrafish can cope with this high energy *** previously showed that in adult zebrafish,subjected to an optic nerve crush,an antagonistic axon-dendrite interplay exists wherein the retraction of retinal ganglion cell dendrites is a prerequisite for effective axonal *** postulate a‘dendrites for regeneration’paradigm that might be linked to intraneuronal mitochondrial reshuffling,as ganglion cells likely have insufficient resources to maintain dendrites and restore axons ***,we characterized both mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial dynamics within the different ganglion cell compartments(dendrites,somas,and axons)during the regenerative *** nerve crush resulted in a reduction of mitochondria in the dendrites during dendritic retraction,whereafter enlarged mitochondria appeared in the optic nerve/tract during axonal *** dendritic regrowth in the retina,mitochondrial density inside the retinal dendrites returned to baseline ***,a transient increase in mitochondrial fission and biogenesis was observed in retinal ganglion cell somas after optic nerve *** together,these findings suggest that during optic nerve injury-induced regeneration,mitochondria shift from the dendrites to the axons and back again and that temporary changes in mitochondrial dynamics support axonal and dendritic regrowth after optic nerve crush.

关键词： axonal regeneration central nervous system dendrite remodeling energy metabolism fission mitochondria mitochondrial trafficking optic nerve crush retina zebrafish

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How non-rapid eye movement sleep and Alzheimer pathology are linked

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第11期11卷 1027-1038页

作者： annelies Falter Maarten J A Van Den Bossche Department of Geriatric Psychiatry University Psychiatric Center KU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium Center for Neuropsychiatry Research Group PsychiatryDepartment of NeurosciencesLeuven Brain InstituteKU LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary *** attempts to identify characteristic factors that are associated with the presence of the AD pathology on the one hand and that increase the risk of developing AD on the *** in non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep may meet both requirements for various ***,NREM-sleep is important for optimal memory *** addition,studies report that the presence of AD pathology is associated with NREM-sleep ***,more and more results appear to suggest that sleep problems are not only a symptom of AD but can also increase the risk of *** of these studies suggest that it is primarily a lack of NREM-sleep that is responsible for this increased ***,the majority investigated sleep only through subjective reporting,as a result of which NREMsleep could not be analyzed *** aim of this literature study is therefore to present the results of the studies that relate the AD pathology and NREM-sleep(registered by electroencephalography).Furthermore,we try to evaluate whether NREM-sleep analysis could be used to support the diagnosis of AD and whether NREM-sleep deficiency could be a causal factor in the development of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Mild cognitive impairment Sleep Non-rapid eye movement sleep Amyloid beta-peptides Tau proteins Electroencephalography

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The Group A Streptococcus Interleukin-8 Protease SpyCEP Promotes Bacterial Intracellular Survival by Evasion of Autophagy

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第3期4卷 116-123页

作者： RenéBergmann Giuseppe Gulotta Federica Andreoni Tomoko Sumitomo Shigetada Kawabata annelies S.Zinkernagel Gursharan S.Chhatwal Victor Nizet Manfred Rohde Satoshi Uchiyama Central Unit for Microscopy(ZEIM) Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology Osaka University Graduate School of DentistrySuita-OsakaJapan Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics Department of PediatricsUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCalifornia

Autophagy serves an innate immune function in defending the host against invading bacteria,including group A Streptococcus(GAS).Autophagy is regulated by numerous host proteins,including the endogenous negative regulator calpain,a cytosolic *** disseminated serotypeM1T1 GAS strains associated with high invasive disease potential express numerous virulence factors and resist autophagic *** in vitro infection of human epithelial cell lines with representative wild-type GAS M1T1 strain 5448(M1.5448),we observed increased calpain activation linked to a specific GAS virulence factor,the interleukin-8 protease *** activation inhibited autophagy and decreased capture of cytosolic GAS in *** contrast,the serotype M6 GAS strain JRS4(***4),which is highly susceptible to host autophagy-mediated killing,expresses low levels of SpyCEP and does not activate *** of SpyCEP in ***4 stimulated calpain activation,inhibited autophagy,and significantly decreased bacterial capture in *** paired loss-and gain-of-function studies reveal a novel role for the bacterial protease SpyCEP in enabling GAS M1 evasion of autophagy and host innate immune clearance.

关键词： group A Streptococcus SpyCEP virulence factor epithelial cells intracellular survival autophagy xenophagy calpain

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Colony contact contributes to the diversity of gut bacteria in bumblebees （Bombus terrestris）

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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 270-277页

作者： annelies Billiet Ivan Meeus Filip Van Nieuwerburgh Dieter Deforce Felix Wackers Guy Smagghe Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University B-9000 Ghent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University B-9000 Ghent BiobestNV B-2260 Westerlo Belgium

Social bees, like honeybees and bumblebees, have a close contact with nest mates of different developmental stages and generations. This could enhance bacterial transfer between nest mates and offers opportunities for direct transfer of symbionts from one generation to the next, resulting in a stable host specific gut microbiota. Gut sym- bionts of honeybees and bumblebees have been suggested to contribute in digestion and protection against parasites and pathogens. Here we studied the impact of contact with the bumblebee colony on the colonization potential of the bacterial families （i.e., Neisseri- aceae, Orbaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae） occurring in the gut of adult bumblebees （Bombus terrestris）. Bacterial profiles of the gut microbiota of B. terrestris were determined based on the hypervariable V4 region of the 16S rRNA using paired-end Illumina sequencing. In our experiments, we created different groups in which we grad- ually reduced the contact with nest mates and hive material. We made 3 observations：（i） reducing the contact between the colony and the bumblebee during adult life resulted in a significant drop in the relative abundance ofLactobacillus bombicola and Lactobacillus bombi; （ii） Bifidobacteriaceae required contact with nest mates to colonize the gut of B. terrestris and a significant lower bacterial diversity was observed in bumblebees that were completely excluded from colony contact during the adult life; （iii） Snodgrassella and Gilliamella were able to colonize the gut of the adult bumblebee without any direct contact with nest mates in the adult life stage. These results indicate the impact of the colony life on the diversity of the characteristic bumblebee gut bacteria.

关键词： bacterial transfer bumblebee gut Illumina sequencing microbiota social

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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors:Multi-targeted or single-targeted?

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2011年第2期2卷 80-93页

作者： Fleur broekman Elisa Giovannetti Godefridus J Peters Department of Medical Oncology VU University Medical Center1007 MB AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Since in most tumors multiple signaling pathways are involved,many of the inhibitors in clinical development are designed to affect a wide range of targeted *** most important tyrosine kinase families in the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the ABL,SCR,platelet derived growth factor,vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor *** multi-kinase inhibitors and singlekinase inhibitors have advantages and disadvantages,which are related to potential resistance mechanisms,pharmacokinetics,selectivity and tumor *** different malignancies various tyrosine kinases are mutated or overexpressed and several resistance mechanisms *** is influenced by interindividual differences and differs for two single targeted inhibitors or between patients treated by the same tyrosine kinase *** tyrosine kinase inhibitors have various mechanisms to achieve selectivity,while differences in gene expression exist between tumor and stromal *** these aspects,one type of inhibitor can generally not be preferred above the other,but will depend on the specific genetic constitution of the patient and the tumor,allowing personalized *** most effective way of cancer treatment by using tyrosine kinase inhibitors is to consider each patient/tumor individually and to determine the strategy that specifically targets the consequences of altered(epi)genetics of the *** strategy might result in treatment by a single multi kinase inhibitor for one patient,but in treatment by a couple of single kinase inhibitors for other patients.

关键词： Tyrosine kinase inhibitors Targeted therapy Epidermal growth factor receptor Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Platelet derived growth factor Breakpoint cluster region-Abelson murine leukemia oncogene homolog 1 Janus kinase

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Consolidating Contestation and Conflict through Community-Based Adaptation (CBA)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第11期5卷 174-193页

作者： Sebastiaan Soeters annelies Zoomers Faculty of Geosciences Universiteit Utrecht Willem C. van Unnikgebouw Heidelberglaan Utrecht The Netherlands

This article, based on fieldwork in Ghana, Burkina Faso and Kenya, provides an overview of different types of climate change adaptation interventions that are currently being implemented to enhance local community’s adaptive capacity and resilience. We show that CBA interventions, whilst measurably successful from the interventionist perspective, are often structured to cause new scarcities, competing claims and ultimately, various forms and intensities of conflict. We conclude that, instead of targeting “communities” or other groups of “beneficiaries”, the inter-connectedness of multiple (and at times competing) social groups (men and women, the elderly and youth, hunters, loggers, pastoralists and sedentary crop farmers etc.) in relation to the use and distribution of natural resources should be the point of departure for strengthening resilience and adaptive capacity.

关键词： Climate Change Adaptation Community-Based Adaptation Exclusion Conflicts Resilience Social Capital Kenya Ghana and Burkina

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Conversion to reverse shoulder arthroplasty fifty-one years after shoulder arthrodesis:A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第10期11卷 465-472页

作者： Melissa N Dogger annelies F van Bemmel Tjarco D W Alta Arthur van Noort Department of Orthopedic Surgery Spaarne GasthuisHoofddorp 2134 TMNetherlands

BACKGROUND Patients with a shoulder arthrodesis generally experience restriction in range of motion and limitations in activities of daily *** addition,up to one-third of the patients deals with serious peri scapular *** conversion of a shoulder arthrodesis in a reverse shoulder arthroplasty(RSA)has been described as an effective treatment to achieve better function and decreased pain,although literature is *** present the case of a conversion from a painful shoulder arthrodesis to RSA,after a 51 years *** SUMMARY A 71-year-old male presented with severe peri scapular pain and limited function 51 years after shoulder *** workup showed a normal bone stock of the glenoid and an intact axillary nerve,but atrophic posterior part of the deltoid *** shoulder arthrodesis was successfully converted to *** months postoperative the patient was very *** has no pain at rest,nor with exercise and experienced definite improvements in activities of daily living,despite his limited range of *** Conversion from shoulder arthrodesis to a RSA can be performed safely,with a high chance of peri scapular pain relief;even after a longstanding arthrodesis.

关键词： Shoulder arthrodesis Conversion Reverse shoulder arthroplasty Electromyography Case report

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Living in a Bottomless Pit: Households’ Responses to Land Subsidence, an Example from Indonesia

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第1期10卷 1-21页

作者： Erlis Saputra Tejo Spit annelies Zoomers Department of Human Geography and Planning Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Development Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

Land subsidence has severe physical and economic implications for both areas and people. Numerous scholars have shown that land subsidence has had massive impacts at global, national and regional levels, and that the impacts were usually responded to by the government. However, little attention has been paid to what land subsidence means to people’s daily lives and how much it costs them. To fill that gap, this article draws on empirical research carried out in three areas in Indonesia to provide a better understanding of what land subsidence means to households, and how they respond to the consequences and how much it costs them to do so. An analysis of a survey of 330 households shows that they have been suffering from various severities of impacts of land subsidence for an extended period. Whereas some of the households respond to the impacts by making small preparations or adapting to the damages, others can do nothing due to a lack of money and their continuously declining earning capacity. Thus, the affected households are effectively throwing money into a bottomless pit. We argue that these households must escape the vicious circle caused by land subsidence by increasing their income capacity or even abandoning the affected areas.

关键词： Land Subsidence Households Impacts Responses Income Earning Capacity

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Fighting the Ignorance: Public Authorities’ and Land Users’ Responses to Land Subsidence in Indonesia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2017年第1期6卷 1-21页

作者： Erlis Saputra Thomas Hartmann annelies Zoomers Tejo Spit Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Development Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

Land subsidence can have a considerable impact on the socio-economic viability of areas. In urban areas, land subsidence tends to damage buildings and infrastructures gradually, while in rural peat land it slowly destroys vegetation. The damages will worsen since climate change has further implications for the areas affected by land subsidence. In Indonesia, the response to land subsidence varies in different areas in terms of awareness, urgency and action on the part of both public authorities and land users. This paper systematically investigates these varied responses in urban and rural peat land areas. Interviews with experts and surveys of 330 land users in selected sub-districts were conducted and further supplemented by focus group discussions. We found that both the public authorities as well as the land users’ responses were considered as of limited value to contest land subsidence. We suggest that the endorsement of land users’ response into governmental policies would make a significant difference in improving land subsidence management.

关键词： Indonesia Land Subsidence Land Users Public Authorities Response

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