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Methods for measuring pre-,intra-,and postoperative skin thickness for cochlear implants

Journal of Otology 2022年第2期17卷 72-77页

作者： Lena Zaubitzer Elena Schaefer Elisabeth Wallhaeuser-Franke Johannes Burkart Katrin Herrmann Beatrice Walter Angela Schell Claudia Scherl Jerome servais Daniel Haeussler Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital MannheimMedical Faculty MannheimRuprecht-Karls-Universitat HeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital MannheimMedical Faculty MannheimRuprecht-Karls-Universitat HeidelbergGermany

Objective:This study was conducted to determine whether there is a reliable method for measuring the thickness of the retroauricular skin before,during,and after cochlear implantation,which allows the assessment of the optimal force of the external magnet of the cochlear implant(CI).Methods:The retroauricular skin thickness of 83 patients who received a CI was measured using three different *** thickness was measured on pre-and postoperative CT images,as well as *** magnet category chosen by the surgeon was recorded when the implant was switched on and during the first follow-up *** analyses were performed on the different skin thickness measurements and between the skin thickness and magnet strength ***:Only six patients required an exchange of the magnet until the *** the median absolute thickness differed significantly between the three measures(p<0.0001),their thickness values showed highly significant correlations(Pearson’s r=0.457-0.585;p<0.01).In addition,magnet strength,was significantly correlated with the flap thickness determined pre-,post-,and during *** lowest correlation with magnet strength was found in the intraoperative needle ***:All three measurements methods provided a suitable base for determining the ideal magnetic ***,of particular interest were the pre-and postoperative CT *** first enabled the early assessment of the required magnetic strength and thus a timely postoperative supply,whereas the latter helped to estimate the need for magnetic strength reduction during follow-up care and the feasibility of an early swith-on.

关键词： Cochlear implant Headpiece Magnet strength Flap thickness

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Calcification of the Renal Vein and Inferior Vena Cava on a Renal Tumor: An Exceptional Case

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第11期11卷 413-419页

作者： Noë l Coulibaly Evrard Yao Fatoumata Ouattara-Cissé Tawakaltu Bolasade Adebayo servais Sai Lamine Bamba Koffi Djè Urology Department of Treichville University Hospital Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Treichville University Hospital Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Urology Department of Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Background: A thrombus of the inferior vena cava and renal vein makes the management of renal cancer more difficult. Aim: The aim is to highlight and discuss the management of a case of renal cancer with an unusual thrombus in our context. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 49-year-old female with left kidney cancer, complicated by a calcified thrombus of the renal vein and inferior vena cava. A calcification of renal vein and vena cava was discovered during surgery, even though the diagnosis prior to surgery was a renal tumor with partial thrombus of the IVC. We performed a thrombectomy and left nephrectomy. The post-operative course was marked by the death of the patient a month later. Conclusion: Renal vein and inferior vena cava (IVC) calcifications are uncommon. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult but guided by medical imaging. Renal cancer is one of the causes. A thrombus or calcification of the vena cava worsens the prognosis of cancer.

关键词： Renal Cell Carcinoma Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus Thrombectomy

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Prevalence of HBs Antigen, and HCV and HIV Antibodies in a Young Male Population in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期5卷 185-190页

作者： Dominique Noah Noah Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Brice Valery Moussima Essoh Georges Nko’O Ayissi servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Magloire Biwole Sida Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Gastroenterology Service of the Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department Yaounde University Teaching Hospital (CHU) Yaounde Cameroon Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Introduction: According to WHO estimates, 57% of cases of liver cirrhosis and 78% of primary liver carcinoma are caused by a hepatitis B or C virus. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of these diseases and HIV among a young male population, according to region. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from 17 February to 31 March 2014 in the ten administrative regions of Cameroon. The study included male subjects of Cameroonian nationality aged at least 18 and at most 23, and living in the regions concerned. It excluded subjects that did not match the age, gender, and nationality criteria. For each subject, 10 ml of blood was collected in a dry tube. After centrifugation at 3000 RPM for 5 minutes, the serum was collected for the detection of viral infections. For subjects that tested positive, a confirmatory test was conducted. Results: In total, 4367 subjects were selected, with an average age of 20.46 (+/- 1.17) years. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus stood at 13.01% (with 95% CI: 12.03% - 14.05%). That of viral hepatitis C was 0.30% (95% CI: 0.17% - 0.52%). Co-infection with hepatitis B and C viruses was 0.05% (95% CI: 0.01% - 0.18%). The prevalence of HIV infection was 1.01% (95% CI: 0.74% - 1.36%). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of HBsAg in the population of young males is high. It tallies with the early vertical and horizontal modes of transmission that prevail in our environment.

关键词： Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis C Virus HIV Infection Young Male Population Cameroon

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Assessing GastroPanel serum markers as a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of atrophic gastritis and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>infection

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第3期2卷 113-118页

作者： Dominique Noah Noah Marie Claire Okomo Assoumou servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Guy Pascal Ngaba Ivo Ebule Alonge Lea Paloheimo Oudou Njoya Biohit Helsinki Finland District Hospital of Bonassama Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Douala General Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon University Teaching Hospital Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Yaounde Central Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of gastric disorders, including atrophic gastritis which can be diagnosed based on levels of serum biomarkers like Gastrin and Pepsinogen. We therefore examined the efficacy of a serological-based method namely GastroPanel Blood kit, in diagnosing and scoring gastritis associated to Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients with dyspeptic symptoms were prospectively recruited on voluntary basis at the Yaounde Central Hospital and University Teaching Hospital, from March to July 2011. The degree of atrophy was classified according to levels in patient serum of pepsinogens I and II (PGI and PGII) and Gastrin 17 (G17) and compared with histological profiles as reference method. A specific ELISA test was used for the detection of H. pylori IgG antibodies. In total, 86 volunteers from 21 to 83 years old (mean = 46.4 ± 3.3) were enrolled, including 74.4% of women and 25.6% of men. The prevalence of gastritis was statistically similar between Gastro Blood Panel test and histology used as reference method (89.5% versus 83.7%: p > 0.20). Diagnosis based on serum makers showed high sensitivity (93.1%) in comparison with the reference method. However, the serological based method has diagnosed more atrophic gastritis than the reference (17.4% versus 7.0%: p 0.05). Furthermore, the prevalence of H. pylori infection did not differ significantly between serological method (84.9%) and reference method (81.4%). These results suggest that diagnosis of atrophic gastritis and H. pylori infection obtained with an optional serological method (GastroPanel) is in a strong agreement with the biopsy findings, and thus can be a useful non endoscopic assessment of stomach mucosal atrophy in patients with dyspepsia.

关键词： Diagnosis Atrophic Gastritis Helicobacter pylori Pepsinogen Gastrin

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Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and Associated Risk Factors among Inmates at New Bell Prison, Douala, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第2期9卷 119-128页

作者： Mathurin Pierre Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Larry Tangie Ngek Daniel Tchamdeu Sizimboue Antonin Ndjitoyap Ndam Buno Ela Ondo servais Eloumou Bagnaka Rocard Djanteng Elie-Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Oudou Njoya Department on Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Université des Montagnes Banganté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Medical Center New Bell Prison Douala Cameroon

Although a high prevalence of HCV infection in correctional facilities has been well reported in several countries around the world, there has been no such data from Cameroon. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with viral hepatitis C seropositivity among prisoners incarcerated at the New Bell Central Prison in Douala. From the 2nd to the 27th of July 2018, 940 inmates selected using a systematic random sampling method were interviewed to collect data on sociodemographic status, duration of incarceration, number of incarcerations and risk factors for HCV transmission. Blood samples were collected for screening of anti-HCV antibodies via HEPA-SCAN HCV CARD Test. Positive samples had a confirmatory ELISA test. Data were analysed using EPI DATA 4.***.0.0 software. Statistical significance was set at a p < 0.05. Of the 940 prisoners selected, 94.1% (884) were males. The mean age of the study population was 33.81 ± 10.35 years (extremes: 14 and 74 years). HCV prevalence was 4.4% (40). The use of non-injectable illicit drugs (OR 2.87 95% CI 1.44 - 5.73) (p = 0.002) but not injectable illicit drugs (OR 1.91 95% CI 0.43 - 8.41) (p = 0.42), male homosexuality (OR 17.45 95% CI 7.58 - 40.13) (p < 0.001), sharing of needles (OR 3.45 95% CI 1.59 - 7.83) (p = 0.001), past history of tattooing or piercing (OR 5.94 95% CI 2.80 - 12.16) (p < 0.001) and age ≥ 50 (OR 4.069;95% CI 1.9 - 8.68) (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with HCV antibodies positivity. Inmates in New Bell Central Prison accumulate risk factors for viral hepatitis C, thus contributing to the high prevalence in this setting. Control strategies and programs that reach this particular population should urgently be implemented.

关键词： Prevalence Risks factors Hepatitis C Prisoners

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印度北部喜马拉雅地区上奥陶统Pin组微体化石的初步研究

印度北部喜马拉雅地区上奥陶统Pin组微体化石的初步研究

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中国古生物学会化石藻类专业委员会第十九次学术年会、中国古生物学会微体学分会第十一届会员代表大会暨第十八次学术年会、江苏省古生物学会2020年学术年会

作者：王文卉高诗佳 Thomas servais Paul Myrow 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院 CNRS UMR 8198-Evo-Eco-PaleoUniversite Lille Department of Geology Colorado College

晚奥陶世赫南特期的冰川活动被认为是导致奥陶纪末期生物大灭绝的重要原因之一。在此全球气候变冷事件前,曾于凯迪末期发生过一次短暂的全球变暖事件,即博达事件(Boda Event)。印度北部喜马拉雅地区的Pin组就沉积于这一时期,可能记录了... 详细信息

晚奥陶世赫南特期的冰川活动被认为是导致奥陶纪末期生物大灭绝的重要原因之一。在此全球气候变冷事件前,曾于凯迪末期发生过一次短暂的全球变暖事件,即博达事件(Boda Event)。印度北部喜马拉雅地区的Pin组就沉积于这一时期,可能记录了这一事件的发生。

关键词：上奥陶统几丁虫 Pin 疑源类化石喜马拉雅地区微体化石初步研究印度北部

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Clinical Aspects and Precipitating Factors of Hepatic Encephalopathy Associated with Cirrhosis in a Cameroonian Population

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第11期9卷 228-238页

作者： Mathurin Pierre Kowo Edgar Kenne Yimagou Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Bonaventure Jemea servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Patricia Ouamba Guekam Larissa Pessidjo Eric Tchoumi Leuwat Dominique Noah Noah Oudou Njoya Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Research Laboratory on Viral Hepatitis and Health Communication Yaoundé Cameroon Internal Medicine Unit Yaounde University Teaching Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Gastroenterology Unit Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE), a common complication of cirrhosis, is associated with a pejorative prognosis. This study aims to describe the clinical presentation, precipitating factors and outcome of HE. Methods: This was a cross-sectional multicenter inpatient study in cirrhotic patients admitted for HE in four tertiary hospitals in Yaoundé (Cameroon) from December 2016 to May 2017. The diagnosis of HE was based on West Haven clinical criteria. The diagnosis of cirrhosis was made using clinical and/or biological, endoscopic and/or ultrasonography signs. Results: A total of 53 patients with HE (mean age: 49.9 ± 18.9 years, 35 Males) were included. The frequency of hospital admission for HE was 4.9%. HE grade III was the most common (37.7%), followed by grades I and II (26.4% and 26.4%, respectively). Grade IV was present in 9.4% of cases. According to the Child-Pugh score, 72.1% of the patients were at stage C and 27.9% at stage B. The main precipitating factors found were: constipation (38.5%), hyponatremia (35.9%), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (31.7%), herbal medicine (28.3%), hypokalemia (25.6%), gastrointestinal bleeding (22.6%) and ascitic fluid infection (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis) (13.8%). In 5.7% of cases, no factor was identified. Mortality rate during hospitalization was 45.3% and was significantly associated with stage III (RR = 11.1;95% CI: 1.9 - 64.5;p = 0.003) and IV (RR = 24;95% CI: 1.6 - 40.9;p = 0.01) of HE;Child-Pugh C score (RR = 15.2;95% CI: 1.7 - 30.1;p = 0.003) and hypokalemia (RR = 12.2;95% CI: 1.3 - 19;p = 0.01). Conclusion: HE is a common complication during cirrhosis with a poor prognosis. In the majority of cases, a precipitating factor could be determined.

关键词： Hepatic Encephalopathy Liver Cirrhosis West Haven Criteria Child-Pugh Cameroon

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Management of Endoscopic Portal Hypertension Lesions in Cirrhotic Patients in a Country with Limited Resources: About 603 Cases in the City of Douala in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第12期13卷 429-438页

作者： Winnie Tatiana Bekolo Nga Aghoani Gilles Machékam-Matanga Olga Antonin Ndjitoyap Agnès Malongue Mathurin Kowo Dominique Noah Noah Oudou Njoya Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Luma Henry Namme servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Department of Internal Medicine the Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Portal hypertension (HTP) is a morbi-mortality factor in cirrhotic patients. It is responsible for endoscopic lesions and has digestive hemorrhage as the main complication. The objective of the study was to study the management of endoscopic lesions of portal hypertension in a country with limited resources. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted in 04 hospitals in the city of Douala, Cameroon, over a period of 08 years from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2022. Included were cirrhotic patients with viral hepatitis with endoscopic lesions of PH. The data collected were sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 25.0. Logistic regression allowed the search for prognostic factors with a significance threshold of p Results: We included 603 patient records. They were mainly male patients (56.1%) with an average age of 47.6 ± 6.3 years. The Child Pugh score was ranked B in 53.7% of cases. Digestive hemorrhage was the main complication in 66.8% of cases. We had grade 2 esophageal varices in 61.5% of cases. The main treatments were prescription of propanolol (63.3%) and ligation of esophageal varices (53.3%). The average number of ligation sessions was 2.1 ± 1.8 with an interval between sessions of 28 ± 2.8 days. Prevention of rupture of esophageal varices was secondary in 66.5% of cases (n = 452). The rate of hemorrhagic recurrence was 9.3%. Hospital mortality was 15.1%. Recurrence of hemorrhage was associated with PT Conclusion: The management of HTP lesions was based on the prescription of beta-blockers and the ligation of esophageal varices. Factors associated with mortality were hemorrhagic recurrence, low PT and Child Pugh C score.

关键词： Portal Hypertension Cirrhosis Endoscopic Lesions PEC Cameroon

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Endoscopic Management of Foreign Bodies in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in Yaoundé(Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第10期10卷 247-255页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Akhenaton Ngock Dime servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka Eloumou Tangie Ngek Larry Pierre Mathurin Kowo Paul Talla Isabelle Dang Timba Bougha Georges Michèle Tagni-Sartre Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Hepatogastroenterology Unit General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medecine and Pharmaceutic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Hepatogastroenterology Unit Cathedral Medical Center Yaoundé Cameroon Hepatogastroenterology Unit Jourdain Medical Center Yaoundé Cameroon

Background/Aims: Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common clinical situation. In some cases, it could be life-threatening, requiring interventional digestive endoscopy. Knowing the main FBs observed could help to prevent their ingestion or to improve management. The aim of this study is to report the results of upper digestive endoscopies performed for ingestion of FBs in Yaoundé (Cameroon). Methods: We recorded all patients who did a gastroscopy for FB ingestion from January 2000 to April 2020 in three medical centers of Yaoundé. We collected data concerning the socio-demographic characteristics of patients, foreign body type, endoscopic management and outcome. Results: A total of 9380 upper digestive endoscopies were performed, with 51 FBs ingestion (0.54%). Male were 27 (52.9%). The mean age was 25.8 ± 22.3 years (8 months to 75 years). Coins were the most frequent FB (23.5%), only observed in children, followed by fishbones (17.6%), only observed in adults. We also observed dental wears (11.8%), metallic objects (11.8%), non-metallic objects (3.9%), batteries (3.9%), toothpick (2%), packet of tablets (2%), and bezoars (2%). The FB was unknown at 21.6%. The most frequent localization was the esophagus in 29/36 patients (80.5%). Endoscopic removal was a success in 35/36 patients (97.2%). A surgery has been performed

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Evaluation of Non-Invasive Markers of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in a Sub-Saharan African Setting: Transient Elastography versus APRI, FIB4, GTT/Platelet Scores

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第6期13卷 209-224页

作者： servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka Eloumou Tatiana Winnie Bekolo Nga Antonin Ndjitoyap Ndam Gael Gilles Aghoagni Gouajio Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa Cynthia Kila Shang Agnes Malongue Dominique Noah Noah Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Christian Tzeuton Henry Namme Luma Faculty of Medecine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine Gynecologic and Pediatric Hospital of Douala Douala Cameroon Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Background: Non-invasive markers which use routine laboratory tests are less expensive and highly needed to assess and stage liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients in Sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed at evaluating liver fibrosis, using the Aspartate aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), Fibrosis Index Based on 4 factors (FIB4), and Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio (GPR) in chronic hepatitis B patients with transient elastography as the reference so as to choose an alternative to transient elastography. Method: We carried out a cross-sectional study using the records of patients who attended the Douala General Hospital and Marie O Polyclinic Douala from 2012 to 2017. Non-invasive tests were compared with Transient Elastography. The Spearman coefficient was used to determine correlation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values were used to get the optimal cut-off values. The diagnostic accuracy was estimated by calculating the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC). P Results: Of the 243 patient records studied, the median age or interquartile range (IQR) was 35 (29 - 42) years with a male predominance of 73.7%. More than 60% of the study population had normal transaminases. Significant fibrosis was found in 88 (36.2%) patients and 32 (13.7%) patients had cirrhosis. APRI had the best cut-off values and highest area under the ROC Curve, for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis with 0.55 (0.823 95% CI [0.769 - 0.869], P Conclusion: APRI, had the best diagnostic properties to detect liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with Chronic Hepatitis B in Douala. The cut-off values are 0.55 and 0.65 for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis respectively.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B Liver Fibrosis Non-Invasive Tests Cross Sectional Douala

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