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UV/Vis Characterization and Fate of Organic Amendment Fractions in a Dune Soil in Dakar, Senegal

Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 372-385页

作者： Silwan DAOUK Mohammad HASSOUNA anne GUEYE-GIRARDET Seydou NIANG Hans-Rudolf PFEIFER Institute of Earth Sciences Faculty of Geosciences and Environment(FGSE)University of Lausanne Laboratory of Wastewater Treatment Fundamental Institute of North Africa (IFAN)Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar

The application of organic amendments on soils poor in organic matter(OM) can improve long-term soil fertility, but may also enhance the mineralization of native soil organic matter. Three organic amendments, compost, sewage sludge and horse manure, used by urban market gardeners in Dakar, Senegal were analyzed for their OM maturity. Their fate was evaluated in a 45-d agronomic trial in a sandy Arenosol with lettuce. In each case, water-extractable organic matter(WEOM) and humic-like substances(HLS)were isolated from raw amendments and amended soils, and characterized using ultraviolet-visible(UV/Vis) spectroscopy. Results highlighted the general more aromatic character of HLS and WEOM fractions extracted from compost compared to the other two amendments. When applied to soils, however, these differences were not clearly observed. The aromaticity and humification degree of the labile fraction(WEOM) increased with depth in the first 30 cm for all amendments. This indicated the high lixiviation rates that fresh OM underwent in the studied sandy soil. Finally, a statistical analysis of the results was able to discriminate between surface and deeper horizons and between amended- and non-amended soil samples. Spectroscopic indices showed indeed strong increase/decrease with depth linked with the mineralization/humification processes that the fresh OM from amendments underwent during the 45 d of the agronomic trial. This study highlights the potential of spectroscopic techniques to study agricultural amendment organic matter fractions and their fate in soils.

关键词： absorbance spectroscopy compost fluorescence spectroscopy horse manure humic-like substances sewage sludge,water-extractable organic matter

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FragAnchor: A Large-Scale Predictor of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors in Eukaryote Protein Sequences by Qualitative Scoring

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第2期5卷 121-130页

作者： Guylaine Poisson Cedric Chauve Xin Chen anne Bergeron Department of Information and Computer Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA CGL ＆ Département d＇informatique Université du Québee à Montréal Montréal QC Canada LA CIM Université du QuEbec à MontrEal Montréal QC Canada Department of Mathematics Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada.

A glycosylphosphatidylinositol （GPI） anchor is a common but complex C-terminal post-translational modification of extracellular proteins in eukaryotes. Here we investigate the problem of correctly annotating GPI-anchored proteins for the growing number of sequences in public databases. We developed a computational system, called FragAnchor, based on the tandem use of a neural network （NN） and a hidden Markov model （HMM）. Firstly, NN selects potential GPI-anchored proteins in a dataset, then HMM parses these potential GPI signals and refines the prediction by qualitative scoring. FragAnchor correctly predicted 91% of all the GPI-anchored proteins annotated in the Swiss-Prot database. In a large-scale analysis of 29 eukaryote proteomes, FragAnchor predicted that the percentage of highly probable GPI-anchored proteins is between 0.21% and 2.01%. The distinctive feature of FragAnchor, compared with other systems, is that it targets only the C-terminus of a protein, making it less sensitive to the background noise found in databases and possible incomplete protein sequences. Moreover, FragAnchor can be used to predict GPI-anchored proteins in all eukaryotes. Finally, by using qualitative scoring, the predictions combine both sensitivity and information content. The predictor is publicly available at http：//navet .***/- fraganchor/NNHMM/*** ml.

关键词： bioinformatics post-translational modification proteome analysis

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Setting kinetics and mechanical properties of flax fibre reinforced glass ionomer restorative materials

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第3期31卷 264-272页

作者： Ensanya Ali Abou Neel anne M.Young Division of Biomaterials Conservative Dental Sciences DepartmentKing Abdualziz University Biomaterials Department Faculty of DentistryTanta University Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental Institute

Regardless of the excellent properties of glass ionomer cements,their poor mechanical properties limit their applications to non-load bearing *** study aimed to investigate the effect of incorporated short,chopped and randomly distributed flax fibers（0,0.5,1,2.5,5 and 25 wt%） on setting reaction kinetics,and mechanical and morphological properties of glass ionomer *** of flax fibers did not significantly affect the setting reaction *** to their content,flax fibers increased the compressive（from 148 to 250 MPa） and flexure strength（from 20 to 42 MPa）.They also changed the brittle behavior of glass ionomer cements to a plastic *** significantly reduced the compressive（from 3 to 1.3 GPa） and flexure modulus（from 19 to 14 GPa）.Accordingly,flax fiber-modified glass ionomer cements could be potentially used in high-stress bearing areas.

关键词： setting kinetics flax fibre glass ionomer cements

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Complementation and Expression Analysis of SoRablA and SoRab2A in Sugarcane Demonstrates Their Functional Diversification

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第12期48卷 1450-1457页

作者： Jia-Ming Zhang anne W Sylvester Ding-Qin Li Xue-Piao Sun State Key Biotechnology Laboratory for Tropical Crops Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou 571101 China Department of Botany University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA

Mammalian and plant Rabl and Rab2 are small GTPases that regulate vesicle trafficking in the endoplasmic reticulum （ER） to Golgi compartments. Little is known about their functional diversification or potential interaction. We cloned sugarcane （Saccharum officinarum L.） Rab1A and Rab2A genes and studied their functional differences by expression and complementation experiments. We found differential expression of the two genes during sugarcane leaf development： SoRab2A expression declined from the dividing base to the maturing tip of the growing leaves, whereas SoRab1A was constitutively expressed, suggesting that SoRab2A is required for cell division and expansion and SoRablA is required for cells at all developmental stages. We used a yeast temperature sensitive ypt1-A 136D mutant strain to further investigate these shared and unique functions. Yptl is a small GTPase that regulates vesicle transport in the same cellular location as Rabl and Rab2. Neither SoRab1A nor SoRab2A alone could restore the growth of the mutant at restrictive temperatures when SoRab1A and SoRab2A were transformed separately. However, SoRab1A transformants maintained normal morphology and viability at non-permissive temperature, and resumed growth when returned to permissive temperature, whereas SoRab2A transformants died at non-permissive temperature, suggesting that SoRablA function is required for a cell＇s viability. Mutant growth was fully restored when SoRab1A and SoRab2A were co-transformed, indicating that SoRablA and SoRab2A complement each other and they both are needed to restore the function of ypt1-A136D. These results demonstrate that SoRab1A and SoRab2A serve distinct but overlapping functions, mostly by regulating the transportation of different sets of proteins.

关键词： complementation co-transformation functional diversification Rab GTPase sugarcane temperature sensitivemutant

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Method of Stabilizing the Surface Energy of Fabrics Coated with Silicone

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2001年第4期18卷 91-93页

作者：狄剑峰 Perwueiz anne Gueguen Virginie Lam Thanh My Textile department Dong Hua University Shanghai P. R . China 200051 Ecole Nationale Superieure des Arts et Industries Textiles 9 rue de l'Ermitage BP 303289 59056 ROUBAIX Cedex France

Silicone coatings have been used in this study. The method adopted was the liquid drop analysis on the coated fabrics. The contact angle between a liquid drop and the fabric surface was measured with two liquids continuously and recorded by a computer. The surface energy was calculated by means of Owens *** measurement was adopted. The contact angle of liquids on the fabric coated silicone decreased with time was found. A compound solution DX has been found, so that the contact angle of the liquids on the fabric washed with DX becomes constant, and the surface energy of the fabric can be reduced to below 15 mJ/m2.

关键词： Coated fabrics, contact angle, surface energy,silicone

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The Plant Exocyst

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第2期52卷 138-146页

作者： Ying Zhang Chun-Ming Liu anne-Mie C. Emons Tijs Ketelaar Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Department of Biomolecular Systems FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics Science Park 104 1098 XG Amsterdam The Netherlands

The exocyst is an octameric vesicle tethering complex that functions upstream of SNARE mediated exocytotic vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane. All proteins in the complex have been conserved during evolution, and genes that encode the exocyst subunits are present in the genomes of all plants investigated to date. Although the plant exocyst has not been studied in great detail, it is likely that the basic function of the exocyst in vesicle tethering is conserved. Nevertheless, genomic and genetic studies suggest that the exocyst complex in plants may have more diversified roles than that in budding yeast. In this review, we compare the knowledge about the exocyst in plant cells to the well-studied exocyst in budding yeast, in order to explore similarities and differences in expression and function between these organisms, both of which have walled cells.

关键词： No English Key Word

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The Discrete Orthogonal Polynomial Least Squares Method for Approximation and Solving Partial Differential Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第3期3卷 734-758页

作者： anne Gelb Rodrigo B.Platte W.Steven Rosenthal Department of Mathematics and Statistics Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA

We investigate numerical approximations based on polynomials that are orthogonal with respect to a weighted discrete inner product and develop an algorithm for solving time dependent differential *** focus on the family of super Gaussian weight functions and derive a criterion for the choice of parameters that provides good accuracy and stability for the time evolution of partial differential *** results show that this approach circumvents the problems related to the Runge phenomenon on equally spaced nodes and provides high accuracy in *** time stability,small corrections near the ends of the interval are computed using local polynomial *** numerical experiments illustrate the performance of the method.

关键词： Discrete least-squares orthogonal polynomials spectralmethods high order numerical methods uniform grid.

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Mucosal healing progression after acute colitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第27期25卷 3572-3589页

作者： Sandra Vidal-Lletjós Mireille Andriamihaja anne Blais Marta Grauso Patricia Lepage anne-Marie Davila Claire Gaudichon Marion Leclerc Francois Blachier Annaig Lan UMR PNCA AgroParisTechINRAUniversite Paris-SaclayParis 75005France UMR MICALIS INRAUniversite Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas 78350France

BACKGROUND Mucosal healing has become a therapeutic goal to achieve stable remission in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. To achieve this objective, overlapping actions of complex cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation, are required. These events are longitudinally and tightly controlled by numerous factors including a wide range of distinct regulatory proteins. However, the sequence of events associated with colon mucosal repair after colitis and the evolution of the luminal content characteristics during this process have been little *** To document the evolution of colon mucosal characteristics during mucosal healing using a mouse model with chemically-induced *** C57 BL/6 male mice were given 3.5% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) in drinking water for 5 d. They were euthanized 2(day 7), 5(day 10), 8(day 13), and 23(day28) d after DSS removal. The colonic luminal environment and epithelial repair processes during the inflammatory flare and colitis resolution were analyzed with reference to a non-DSS treated control group, euthanized at day 0. Epithelial repair events were assessed histo-morphologically in combination with functional permeability tests, expression of key inflammatory and repairing factors, and evaluation of colon mucosa-adherent microbiota composition by 16 S rRNA *** The maximal intensity of colitis was concomitant with maximal alterations of intestinal barrier function and histological damage associated with goblet cell depletion in colon mucosa. It was recorded 2 d after termination of the DSStreatment, followed by a progressive return to values similar to those of control mice. Although signs of colitis were severe(inflammatory cell infiltrate, crypt disarray, increased permeability) and associated with colonic luminal alterations(hyperosmolarity, dysbiosis, decrease in short-chain fatty acid content), epithelial healing processes were launched early during the inflammat

关键词： Colon luminal environment Dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis Dysbiosis Epithelial repair Acute colitis

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Can soil microbial diversity influence plant metabolites and life history traits of a rhizophagous insect？ A demonstration in oilseed rape

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1045-1056页

作者： Tom Lachaise Morgane Ourry Lionel Lebreton anne-Yvonne Guillerm-Erckelboudt Juliette Linglin Chrystelle Paty Valerie Chaminade Nathalie Marnet Julie Aubert Denis Poinsot anne-Marie Cortesero Christophe Mougel IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Le Rheu France IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Universite Bretagne-Loire Rennes France INRA UR1268 BIA-Le Rheu France INRA-AgroParisTech UMR 518 Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences-Paris France

Interactions between plants and phytophagous insects play an important part in shaping the biochemical composition of plants. Reciprocally plant metabolites can influ- ence major life history traits in these insects and largely contribute to their fitness. Plant rhizospheric microorganisms are an important biotic factor modulating plant metabolites and adaptation to stress. While plant-insects or plant-microorganisms interactions and their consequences on the plant metabolite signature are well-documented, the impact of soil microbial communities on plant defenses against phytophagous insects remains poorly known. In this study, we used oilseed rape （Brassica napus） and the cabbage root fly （Delia radicum） as biological models to tackle this question. Even though D. radicum is a belowground herbivore as a larva, its adult life history traits depend on aboveground signals. We therefore tested whether soil microbial diversity influenced emergence rate and fitness but also fly oviposition behavior, and tried to link possible effects to modifications in leaf and root metabolites. Through a removal-recolonization experiment, 3 soil microbial modalities （＂high,＂＂medium,＂＂low＂） were established and assessed through amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The ＂medium＂ modality in the rhizosphere significantly improved insect development traits. Plant-microorganism interactions were marginally associated to modulations of root metabolites profiles, which could partly explain these results. We highlighted the potential role of plant-microbial interaction in plant defenses against Delia radicum. Rhizospheric microbial communities must be taken into account when analyzing plant defenses against herbivores, being either below or aboveground.

关键词： Brassica napus Delia radicum life history traits plant primary and secondary metabolites rhizophagous pest soil microbial diversity

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A potential long-term complication to two-segment total scalp replantation and how to treat it

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2023年第2期5卷 60-63页

作者： Charlie Demarteleire anne-Sophie Henry Wycal Saraoui Marion Rouanet anne Perruisseau-Carrier Weiguo Hu Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryCHU BrestBoulevard Tanguy PrigentBrest 29200France

Total avulsion of the scalp is a serious traumatic injury and an absolute surgical *** well-stocked literature on its immediate care,there is insufficient literature regarding its long-term ***,we describe the case of a patient who developed chronic pain 24 months after *** patient underwent several needle rigotomy sessions associated with lipofilling to reconstruct a sliding plane between the scalp and periosteum,followed by nanofat sessions to improve skin *** autologous fat injection treatment was successful,and the patient is currently ***,lipofilling followed by nanofat injection is an effective treatment for this complication.

关键词： Scalp Reimplantation Pain Lipofilling Nanofat

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