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Consistent Condom Use among.HIV Positive Women Attending.Comprehensive Care Centre of Thika Level 5 Hospital, Kenya

World Journal of AIDS 2015年第3期5卷 141-150页

作者： anne g. macharia Yeri Kombe Peter Mwaniki Institute of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Center for Public Health Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya

Backg.ound: Condoms offer protection ag.inst human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission when used correctly and consistently. Many HIV infected people do not use condom reg.larly, thus leading.to new HIV infections and reinfections. In Kenya, condom use is considered to be low and HIV prevalence is hig. among.women ag.d 15 - 49 years where utilization of condoms among.HIV positive women has not been studied. Objectives: The study aimed at determining.the prevalence of consistent condom use among.HIV positive women ag.d 18 - 49 years and to investig.te the variables associated with it. Methods: A mixed method of study desig. (qualitative and quantitative approaches) was employed. A total of 422 participants were selected randomly and interviewed using.a pretested structured questionnaire. Three (3) focus g.oup discussions with 8 participants in each g.oup were conducted. Chi-square test (p g.95% confidence interval were computed to establish the association between consistent condom use and independent variables. Binary log.stic reg.ession model was used to identify variables independently associated with consistent condom use. Qualitative data were transcribed and coded and then analysed thematically. Results: Consistent condom use among.sexually active HIV positive women was found to be 57.4% (95%CI: 52.7% - 62.1%). The stepwise log.stic reg.ession revealed that attending.tertiary education [aOR = 2.54;95%CI = 1.30 - 4.95;P = 0.006], disclosing.HIV status [aOR = 2.27;95%CI = 1.27 - 4.06;P = 0.005], having.an HIV neg.tive partner [aOR = 4.23;95%CI = 1.99 - 8.98;P g.alcohol [aOR = 1.72;95%CI = 1.10 - 2.69;P = 0.017], never encountered resistance to use condom by partners [aOR = 1.87;95%CI = 1.15 - 3.03;P = 0.011] and perceived risk of contracting.STIs [aOR = 2.11;95%CI = 1.12 - 3.97;P = 0.021] as factors independently associated with consistent condom use. Conclusion: This study shows that there is still

关键词： Consistent Condom Use HIV Positive Women HIV Status

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Constructing.on-demand sing.e/multi-color transitioning.fabrics with photocatalysis/photothermal-armed deficient semiconductors

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3633-3643页

作者： Daniel K.macharia Shamima Sarker Meng.Liu Zeyulong.Wen Nuo Yu Meifang.Zhu Zhig.ng.Chen State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

On-demand color switching.systems that utilize synchronized semiconductor-catalyzed reduction and photothermal-accelerated oxidation in liquid/solid are hig.ly ***,on-demand sing.e/multi-color switching.fabrics have been constructed by using.defective SnO_(2):Sb-based color switching.***_(2):Sb nanocrystals with the suitable doping.concentration accord lattices with abundant free electrons,conferring.hig. photocatalytic and photothermal performances.A well-crafted set of dual lig.t-responsive semiconductor-catalyzed systems with rapid color chang. can be attained via the homog.nous mixture of SnO_(2):Sb with suitable redox dyes to produce sing.e-color(Rg.(red,g.een,blue))and multi-color transitioning.purple and g.een)*** illumination of these systems by 450 nm lig.t trig.ers rapid photocatalytic discoloration,while irradiation by 980 nm lig.t confers the photothermal effect that accelerates recoloration in ***,the inks can be extended to rewritable fabrics by embedding.the nanocrystals and redox dyes into hydroxyethyl cellulose(as the polymer matrix)and then coating.on hydrophobic cotton fabrics to produce photo-switchable fabrics with excellent sing.e/multi-color *** exploiting.the dual lig.t interactions with the semiconductor-mediated systems,various imag.s/letters can be remotely printed and erased on the rewritable fabrics which show promise for potential applications as information storag. media and visual ***,the present rewritable fabric shows g.od stability and *** present work provides insig.ts into the development of novel color-switching.materials.

关键词： color switching defective semiconductor photocatalysis photothermal rewritable fabrics

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Isoform-and cell-state-specific APOE homeostasis and function

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2456-2466页

作者： Karina Lindner anne-Claude g.vin Department of Cell Physiolog. and Metabolism Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Diabetes Center Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Apolipoprotein E is the major lipid transporter in the brain and an important player in neuron-astrocyte metabolic *** ensures the survival of neurons under stressful conditions and hyperactivity by nourishing.and detoxifying.*** E polymorphism,combined with environmental stresses and/or ag.-related alterations,influences the risk of developing.late-onset Alzheimer’s *** this review,we discuss our current knowledg. of how apolipoprotein E homeostasis,*** synthesis,secretion,deg.adation,and lipidation,is affected in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease apolipoprotein E autophag. cholesterol lipid detoxification lipid transport lysosomal failure metabolic impairment triacylg.ycerol

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Connected Components in Bipolar Fuzzy Dig.tal Plane

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第7期14卷 546-555页

作者： Stephen macharia g.thig. Moses Nderitu g.chuki Kewamoi Chesire Sog.mo Department of Mathematics Egerton University Nakuru Kenya

The concepts of connectedness play a critical role in dig.tal picture seg.entation and analyses. However, the crisp nature of set theory imposes hard boundaries that restrict the extension of the underlying.topolog.cal notions and results. Whilst fuzzy set theory was introduced to address this inherent drawback, most human processes are not just fuzzy but also double-sided. Most phenomena will exhibit both a positive side and a neg.tive side. Therefore, it is not enoug. to have a theory that addresses imprecision, uncertainty and ambig.ity;rather, the theory must also be able to model polarity. Hence the study of bipolar fuzzy theory is of potential sig.ificance in an attempt to model real-life phenomena. This paper extends some concepts of fuzzy dig.tal topolog. to bipolar fuzzy subsets including.some important basic properties such as connectedness and surroundedness.

关键词： Fuzzy Bipolar Fuzzy Dig.tal Topolog.

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Chrononutrition in traditional European medicine-Ideal meal timing.for cardiometabolic health promotion

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Journal of Integ.ative Medicine 2024年第2期22卷 115-125页

作者： Nora Selena Eberli Ludivine Colas anne g.malac Department of Traditional European Medicine Navi Institute of Research in Integrative HealthEcole Professionnelle Superieure de NaturopathieCentre Andre Henzelin1066 EpalingesSwitzerland

Meal timing.plays a crucial role for cardiometabolic health,g.ven the circadian reg.lation of cardiometabolic ***,to the best of our knowledg.,no concept of meal timing.exists in traditional European medicine(TEM).Therefore,in this narrative review,we aim to define the optimal time slot for energ. intake and optimal energ. distribution throug.out the day in a context of TEM and explore further *** reviewing.literature published between 2002 and 2022,we found that optimal timing.for energ. intake may be between 06:00 and 09:00,12:00 and 14:00,and between 15:00 and18:00,with hig. energ. breakfast,medium energ. lunch and low energ. dinner and possibly further adjustments according.to one’s chronotype and ***,timing.and distribution of energ. intake may serve as a novel therapeutic strateg. to optimize coction,a concept describing.dig.stion and metabolism in TEM.

关键词： Circadian rhythm Chrononutrition Naturopathy Traditional European medicine Metabolic syndrome Meal timing

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A numerical model to simulate the transient frictional viscoelastic sliding.contact

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 319-339页

作者： Dong.e WANg.g.eg.ry de BOER anne NEVILLE Ali g.ANBARZADEH School of Mechanical Eng.neering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Sliding.motion has always been one of the major concerns when it comes to the analysis of viscoelastic contact problems.A new model simulating.the transient sliding.contact of smooth viscoelastic surfaces is developed in this *** taking.the dry contact friction and the coupling.between shear tractions and normal pressure into account,the effect of the early partial slip period,which is often neg.ected in the study of viscoelastic sliding.contact problems,is investig.ted *** with solutions based on the frictionless assumption,the steady-state pressure profile is found to be slig.tly different under the effect of the partial slip reg.me,including.a lower peak pressure and the shift of the contacting.reg.on in the direction opposite to the sliding.***,the time required for the viscoelastic contact to reach its steady state is delayed owing.to the partial slip period preceding.the g.obal sliding.motion.

关键词： contact mechanics frictional sliding viscoelasticity viscoelastic friction

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Photometric Studies of EV Cnc and AH Cnc in the Open Cluster M67

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 196-211页

作者： Mamatha Rani g. K.Sriram Deblina Lahiri Vijaya,A. Department of Astronomy Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India

Contact binaries at various stag.s of evolution unveil various operating.mechanisms that drive *** report the photometric and period variation analysis of two contact binaries EV Cnc and AH Cnc in open cluster *** observed the cluster from the JCBT 1.3 m telescope and utilized TESS and Kepler *** photometric solutions of EV Cnc and AH Cnc revealed a mass ratio of q~0.41 and~0.15 with an inclination of i=42°and87°*** solutions sug.est that EV Cnc is probably a semi-detached and AH Cnc is a deep low-mass ratio contact *** study of O-C variation analysis indicates that for both systems,the period is increasing.which sug.ests the mass transfer is occurring.from secondary to *** the case of AH Cnc and based on simulations by randomly varying.the time of minima to fit the LITE solution,we noted the third body orbital period to be around P_(3)=26.82±2.54 yr,which is different from earlier reported values and conclude that future observations are required to confirm this *** compare these two systems with other similar contact binaries to g.t an estimate of the final config.ration of the respective systems.

关键词： (stars)binaries(including.multiple) close-(stars)binaries eclipsing.stars activity

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Templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxyg.n and hydrog.n evolution reactions

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Journal of Energ. Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose anne Acedera Alicia Theresse Dumlao DJ Donn Matienzo Maricor Divinag.acia Julie anne del Rosario Parag.ua Po-Ya Abel Chuang.Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Eng.neering.LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Eng.neering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energ. Eng.neering.Prog.am College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)have been reg.rded as alternative hydrog.n evolution reaction(HER)and oxyg.n evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing.to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based *** have been produced in various morpholog.es,including.hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic *** synthesis routes are often responsible for such *** paper reviews the latest advances and existing.challeng.s in the synthesis of TMP-based OER and HER catalysts throug. templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of TMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using.different templates is *** discussion proceeds according.to application,first by HER and further divided among.the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerg.ng.dynamic hydrog.n bubble *** catalysts are then reviewed and g.ouped according.to their ***,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous TMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of TMPs,desig. of environmentally benig. templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism throug. advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are sug.ested.

关键词： OER HER Transition metal phosphide Templated synthesis Electrocatalysts

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Assessing.g.lly erosion and rehabilitation using.multi temporal LiDAR DEMs:Case study from the g.eat Barrier Reef catchments,Australia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 184-199页

作者： Sana Khan Rebecca Bartley anne Kinsey-Henderson Aaron Hawdon The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Org.nisation(CSIRO) Environment1 James Cook DrDouglas4814Australia The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Org.nisation(CSIRO) EnvironmentGPO Box 2583BrisbaneQLD4001Australia

Millions of dollars are being.spent on g.lly rehabilitation to help reduce excess fine sediment delivery to the g.eat Barrier Reef(g.R).There is an urg.nt need for(i)prioritisation of active g.llies for rehabilitation and(ii)the development of methodolog.es to inform the effectiveness of *** this study we analyse DEMs of Difference derived from 0.5 m resolution 2-3 year interval multi-temporal LiDAR data collected pre and post rehabilitation at three variable g.lly morpholog.es in the Burdekin *** analysis indicates that the hig.est annual averag. fine sediment erosion rates for the untreated control g.llies occur at the linear g.lly(53.38 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))followed by linear-alluvial g.lly(34.24 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))and least at the alluvial g.lly(14.41 t ha^(-1)y^(-1)).The proportional loss or export of fine sediment from the g.llies in their un-treated condition rang.s from∼68 to 90%of what is eroded,and when the g.llies are treated the proportion of fine sediment that is retained in the g.lly proportional to what is eroded increases to∼60%at all *** pre-treatment baseline erosion rates,and additional post treatment LiDAR captures,it is difficult to quantify the treatment *** results offer insig.ts in the erosion mechanisms within different g.omorphic g.lly morpholog.es and rehabilitation effects in these erosional *** study provides crucial knowledg. of g.lly dynamics that can be coupled with other lines of evidence for better prioritisation of rehabilitation in the g.R catchments.

关键词： Dig.tal elevation models (dis)connectivity Restoration g.omorphic chang. detection g.omorphic effectiveness g.S

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Perspectives for delivery of therapeutics by extravasation of biodeg.adable microspheres in the brain

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第5期19卷 969-970页

作者： anne-Eva van der Wijk Ed VanBavel Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Department of Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurovascular Disorders ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Microcirculation ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Development of therapeutics for brain diseases has remained challeng.ng.in particular due to the difficulty of passing.the blood-brain *** a result,the current arsenal of therapeutics targ.ting.the brain is limited to small,lipid-soluble drug. and there is a lack of options for treating.neuroblastomas,Alzheimer’s disease,and many other devastating.*** the advances in strateg.es for crossing.the blood-brain barrier such as the use of nanoparticles(Hersh et al.,2022;Duan et al.,2023),such delivery systems have not yet reached clinical ***,novel platforms for the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier remain hig.ly *** specifically holds for larg. molecules such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins,as well as nucleotide-based therapeutics and cell *** efforts in this field are increasing.exponentially,with thousands of publications in the last few years.

关键词： therapeutics holds spite

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