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Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第8期20卷 969-971页

作者： Inga Nehlmeier Amy Kempf Prerna Arora anne cossmann Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka Metodi V.Stankov Sebastian R.Schulz Hans-Martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine(CiiM) Feodor-Lynen-Straße 730625HannoverGermany

Despite previous circulation of the highly transmissible and antibody evasive BA.2.75, BQ.1, XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 lineages, the share of infections caused by the SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.16 has gradually increased in India in early 2023, resulting in XBB.1.16 being the dominating SARS-CoV-2 lineage in India today. Since a similar trend may also take place in other countries and information on the biological properties of the XBB.1.16 lineage is scarce, we conducted a rapid assessment of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 lineage with respect to its ability to enter cells and evade neutralisation by antibodies.

关键词： lineage neutral spite

Profound neutralization evasion and augmented host cell entry are hallmarks of the fast-spreading SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.5

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第4期20卷 419-422页

作者： Markus Hoffmann Prerna Arora Inga Nehlmeier Amy Kempf anne cossmann Sebastian R.Schulz Gema Morillas Ramos Luis A.Manthey Hans-Martin Jäck Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077 GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073 GöttingenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625 HannoverGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054 ErlangenGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625 HannoverGermany Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine(CiiM) FeodorLynen-Straße730625 HannoverGermany

Since late 2022, the share of infections caused by the SARS-CoV2 lineage XBB.1.5 has gradually increased in the United States,resulting in XBB.1.5 becoming the dominating SARS-CoV-2lineage in the United States and a similar trend is likely to soontake place also in European countries. However, information onthe virological properties of XBB.1.5 is scarce. Here, weconducted an initial virological assessment of the SARS-CoV-2XBB.1.5 lineage.

关键词： becoming likely lineage

Low serum neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody levels in mildly affected COVID-19 convalescent patients revealed by two different detection methods

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 936-944页

作者： Berislav Bosnjak Saskia Catherina Stein Stefanie Willenzon anne Katrin Cordes Wolfram Puppe Gunter Bernhardt Inga Ravens Christiane Ritter Christian R.Schultze-Florey Nina Godecke Jorg Martens Hannah Kleine-Weber Markus Hoffmann anne cossmann Mustafa Yilmaz Isabelle Pink Marius M.Hoeper Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pohlm ann Rainer Blasczyk Thomas F.Schulz Reinhold Forster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany lnstitute of Virology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Department of Hematology HemostasisOncology and Stem Cell TransplantationHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research GottingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology University GottingenGottingenGermany Department of Rheum atology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Public Health Department HannoverGermany Department of Pneumology and German Centre of Lung Research(DZL) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)block severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)entry into cells via surface-expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2).We used a surrogate virus neutralization test(sVNT)and SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)vector-based neutralization assay(pVNT)to assess the degree to which serum antibodies from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)convalescent patients interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 S to ACE2.Both tests revealed neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies in the sera of ~90% of mildly and 100% of severely affected COVID-19 convalescent patients.Importantly,sVNT and pVNT results correlated strongly with each other and to the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG and IgA antibodies.Moreover,levels of neutralizing antibodies correlated with the duration and severity of clinical symptoms but not with patient age.Compared to pVNT,sVNT is less sophisticated and does not require any biosafety labs.Since this assay is also much faster and cheaper,sVNT will not only be important for evaluating the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in a population but also for identifying promising plasma donors for successful passive antibody therapy.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing antibody Serum ELISA

The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variant A.30 is heavily mutated and evades vaccine-induced antibodies with high efficiency

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第12期18卷 2673-2675页

作者： Prerna Arora Cheila Rocha Amy Kempf Inga Nehlmeier Luise Graichen Martin S.Winkler Martin Lier Sebastian Schulz Hans-Martin Jäck anne cossmann Metodi V.Stankov Georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pöhlmann Markus Hoffmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate CenterKellnerweg 437077GöttingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology Georg-August-University GöttingenWilhelmsplatz 137073GöttingenGermany Department of Anesthesiology University of Göttingen Medical CenterGeorg-August University of GöttingenRobert-Koch-Straße 4037075GöttingenGermany Division of Molecular Immunology Department of Internal Medicine 3Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergGlückstraße 691054ErlangenGermany Department for Rheumatology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Straße 130625HannoverGermany

The COVID-19 pandemic,caused by SARS-CoV-2,continues to rage in many countries,straining health systems and economies.Vaccines protect against severe disease and death and are considered central to ending the pandemic.COVID-19 vaccines(and SARS-CoV-2 infection)elicit antibodies that are directed against the viral spike(S)protein and neutralize the virus.However,the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with S protein mutations that confer resistance to neutralization might compromise vaccine efficacy[1].

关键词： antibodies vaccine death

Isoform-and cell-state-specific APOE homeostasis and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2456-2466页

作者： Karina Lindner anne-Claude Gavin Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Diabetes Center Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Apolipoprotein E is the major lipid transporter in the brain and an important player in neuron-astrocyte metabolic coupling.It ensures the survival of neurons under stressful conditions and hyperactivity by nourishing and detoxifying them.Apolipoprotein E polymorphism,combined with environmental stresses and/or age-related alterations,influences the risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.In this review,we discuss our current knowledge of how apolipoprotein E homeostasis,i.***.its synthesis,secretion,degradation,and lipidation,is affected in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease apolipoprotein E autophagy cholesterol lipid detoxification lipid transport lysosomal failure metabolic impairment triacylglycerol

Chrononutrition in traditional European medicine-Ideal meal timing for cardiometabolic health promotion

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期22卷 115-125页

作者： Nora Selena Eberli Ludivine Colas anne Gimalac Department of Traditional European Medicine Navi Institute of Research in Integrative HealthEcole Professionnelle Superieure de NaturopathieCentre Andre Henzelin1066 EpalingesSwitzerland

Meal timing plays a crucial role for cardiometabolic health,given the circadian regulation of cardiometabolic function.However,to the best of our knowledge,no concept of meal timing exists in traditional European medicine(TEM).Therefore,in this narrative review,we aim to define the optimal time slot for energy intake and optimal energy distribution throughout the day in a context of TEM and explore further implications.By reviewing literature published between 2002 and 2022,we found that optimal timing for energy intake may be between 06:00 and 09:00,12:00 and 14:00,and between 15:00 and18:00,with high energy breakfast,medium energy lunch and low energy dinner and possibly further adjustments according to one’s chronotype and genetics.Also,timing and distribution of energy intake may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy to optimize coction,a concept describing digestion and metabolism in TEM.

关键词： Circadian rhythm Chrononutrition Naturopathy Traditional European medicine Metabolic syndrome Meal timing

A numerical model to simulate the transient frictional viscoelastic sliding contact

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 319-339页

作者： Dongze WANG Gregory de BOER anne NEVILLE Ali GHANBARZADEH School of Mechanical Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Sliding motion has always been one of the major concerns when it comes to the analysis of viscoelastic contact problems.A new model simulating the transient sliding contact of smooth viscoelastic surfaces is developed in this paper.By taking the dry contact friction and the coupling between shear tractions and normal pressure into account,the effect of the early partial slip period,which is often neglected in the study of viscoelastic sliding contact problems,is investigated numerically.Compared with solutions based on the frictionless assumption,the steady-state pressure profile is found to be slightly different under the effect of the partial slip regime,including a lower peak pressure and the shift of the contacting region in the direction opposite to the sliding motion.Furthermore,the time required for the viscoelastic contact to reach its steady state is delayed owing to the partial slip period preceding the global sliding motion.

关键词： contact mechanics frictional sliding viscoelasticity viscoelastic friction

Perspectives for delivery of therapeutics by extravasation of biodegradable microspheres in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 969-970页

作者： anne-Eva van der Wijk Ed VanBavel Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Department of Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurovascular Disorders ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Microcirculation ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Development of therapeutics for brain diseases has remained challenging,in particular due to the difficulty of passing the blood-brain barrier.As a result,the current arsenal of therapeutics targeting the brain is limited to small,lipid-soluble drugs and there is a lack of options for treating neuroblastomas,Alzheimer’s disease,and many other devastating pathologies.Despite the advances in strategies for crossing the blood-brain barrier such as the use of nanoparticles(Hersh et al.,2022;Duan et al.,2023),such delivery systems have not yet reached clinical practice.Therefore,novel platforms for the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier remain highly desired.This specifically holds for large molecules such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins,as well as nucleotide-based therapeutics and cell therapies.Research efforts in this field are increasing exponentially,with thousands of publications in the last few years.

关键词： therapeutics holds spite

Templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose anne Acedera Alicia Theresse Dumlao DJ Donn Matienzo Maricor Divinagracia Julie anne del Rosario Paraggua Po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering(LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energy Engineering Program College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)have been regarded as alternative hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based catalysts.TMPs have been produced in various morphologies,including hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic materials.Templated synthesis routes are often responsible for such morphologies.This paper reviews the latest advances and existing challenges in the synthesis of TMP-based OER and HER catalysts through templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of TMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using different templates is presented.The discussion proceeds according to application,first by HER and further divided among the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerging dynamic hydrogen bubble template.OER catalysts are then reviewed and grouped according to their morphology.Finally,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous TMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of TMPs,design of environmentally benign templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism through advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are suggested.

关键词： OER HER Transition metal phosphide Templated synthesis Electrocatalysts