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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第3期5卷 459-461页

作者： Alan M.Hawxby David P.mason Andrew s.Klein Division of Transplant and Thoracic surgery Department of surgery The Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMDUSA

BACKGROUND: Because of the critical worldwide shortage of cadaveric organ donors, transplant professionals have increasingly turned to living donors. Partial hepatectomy for adult living donor liver transplantation has been performed since the late 1990s. Most often,the complications of living donor hepatectomy have been related to the biliary tract, specifically biliary leaks. METHODs: A 54-year-old man underwent donor right hepatectomy for living donor liver transplantation. Three years after liver donation he presented with upper abdominal pain and fullness. Radiographic workup revealed a diaphragmatic hernia of the right hemithorax. REsULTs: After thoracoscopic evaluation of the right hemithorax, diaphragmatic hernia was repaired. Currently the patient remains well several months after the repair with complete resolution of abdominal pain, normal chest X-ray examination demonstrating no recurrence of diaphragmatic hernia, and normal liver functions tests. CONCLUsIONs: Multiple complications of living donor liver transplantation have been described the transplant literature. Diaphragmatic hernia is a formerly-undescribed complication of right donor hepatectomy for transplantation.

关键词： living donor liver transplantation donor complications diaphragmatic hernia

Ediacaran Macrofossils in shunyang Valley,sixi,Three Gorges District,Hubei Province,China

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Journal of Earth science 2017年第4期28卷 614-621页

作者： Roger mason Yuejie Li Kenan Cao Yu Long Zhen-Bing she school of Earth sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China state Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Previously undescribed Ediacaran macrofossils are documented in and close to a quarry southwest of Zigui in shunyang Valley, near sixi Village, Yangtze Three Gorges region, Hubei Prov- ince, China. Discoidal impressions, vendotaenids, and a new branching form occur in bedded carbon- ates through the entire 235 m thickness of the Dengying Formation. The quarry and nearby outcrops in the stream valley have significant potential for further discoveries of Ediacaran macrofossils.

关键词： Ediacaran macrofossil Dengying Formation sixi.

Vertical stratification of ichneumonid wasp communities： the effects of forest structure and life-history traits

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Insect science 2015年第5期22卷 688-699页

作者： Filippo Di Giovanni Pierfilippo Cerretti Franco mason Emma Minari Lorenzo Marini Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin' Universita di Roma 'La Sapienza' Piazzale A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy Centro Nazionale per lo studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversita Forestale Corpo Forestale dello Stato via Carlo Ederle 161A 37100 Verona Italy and DAFNAE Universit& di Padova viale dell'Universita 16 35020 Legnaro Padua Italy

Parasitoid wasp communities of the canopy of temperate forests are still largely unexplored. Very little is known about the community composition ofparasitoids between canopy and understory and how much of this difference is related to forest structure or parasitoid biological strategies. In this study we investigated upon the difference in the community composition of the parasitic wasps Ichneumonidae between canopy and understory in a lowland temperate forest in northern Italy. We used general linear models to test whether parasitic strategy modifies species vertical stratification and the effect of forest structure. We also tested differences in β-diversity between canopy and understory traps and over time within single forest layers. We found that stand basal area was positively related to species richness, suggesting that the presence of mature trees can influence local wasp diversity, providing a higher number of microhabitats and hosts. The ichneumonid community of the canopy was different from that of the understory, and theβ-diversity analysis showed higher values for the canopy, due to a higher degree of species turnover between traps. In our analyses, the vertical stratification was different between groups of ichneumonids sharing different parasitic strategies. Idiobiont parasitoids of weakly or deeply concealed hosts were more diverse in the understory than in the canopy while parasitoids of spiders were equally distributed between the two layers. Even though the ichneumonid community was not particularly species-rich in the canopy of the temperate forests, the extension of sampling to that habitat significantly increased the number of species recorded.

关键词： β-diversity biological traits canopy forest structure Ichneumonidae vertical stratification

sand dunes as potential sources of dust in northern China

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science China Earth sciences 2016年第4期59卷 760-769页

作者： Mark R sWEENEY LU HuaYu CUI MengChun Joseph A mason FENG Han XU ZhiWei Department of Earth sciences University of South Dakota Laboratory of Earth surface Process and Environment School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-Madison

While saltation bombardment of sand grains on a fine substrate can produce considerable dust, the well-sorted nature of sand dunes tends to preclude them from consideration as major dust sources. Recent research, however, has revealed that sand dunes can, in some cases, be large sources of dust. We used the PI-sWERL(Portable In-situ Wind Erosion Laboratory) to measure in the field the potential of sand dunes and other desert landforms to emit particulate matter st in the Tengger, Ulan Buh, and Mu Us deserts of northern China. Combined with high resolution particle size measurements of the dune sand, an assessment of sand dunes as a dust source can be made. Large active transverse dunes tend to contain little to no stored PM-10, yet they produce a low dust flux. Coppice dunes stabilized by vegetation contain appreciable PM-10 and have very high dust emission potential. There is a positive correlation between the amount of PM-10 stored in a dune and its potential dust flux. saltation liberates loose fines stored in dunes, making them very efficient dust emitters compared to landforms such as dry lake beds and washes where dust particles are unavailable for aeolian transport due to protective crusts or sediment cohesion. In cases where large dunes do not store PM-10 yet emit dust when active, two hypotheses can be considered:(1) iron-oxide grain coatings are removed during saltation, creating dust, and(2) sand grains collide during saltation, abrading grains to create dust. Observations reveal that iron oxide coatings are present on some dune sands. PI-sWERL data suggests that low dust fluxes from dunes containing no stored dust may represent an estimate for the amount of PM-10 dust produced by removal of iron oxide coatings. These results are similar to results from dunes in the United states. In addition, PI-sWERL results suggest that dust-bearing coppice dunes, which cover vast areas of China's sandy deserts, may become major sources of dust in the f

关键词： Coppice dunes Transverse dunes Dust PI-sWERL Desert

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells: From single-junction to modules

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Carbon Energy 2019年第1期1卷 109-123页

作者： Rui He Xiaozhou Huang mason Chee Feng Hao Pei Dong Department of Mechanical Engineering George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA school of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina

Perovskite solar cells(PsCs)have attracted more and more attention in the scientific community due to their high performance and simple fabrication *** the past few years,emerging technologies have made manufacturing large-scale PsC modules ***,stability and fabrication issues still limit the modularization and commercialization of *** materials have been widely used in PsCs to overcome these challenges due to their excellent optical,electrical,and mechanical *** addition,the hydrophobic properties of certain carbon materials are highly effective at protecting the perovskite film from moisture and improving the stability of *** these superior properties have made carbon one of the most promising materials to fabricate future highperformance PsC modules with long service *** this review,recent developments of carbon-based materials in different layers of single-junction PsCs will first be discussed,with an emphasis on functionalities related to PsCs’stability and ***,current improvements and future discussions in the manufacturing of monolithic PsC modules will be reviewed in detail.

关键词： carbon modules perovskite solar cells stability

Fast,accurate,and transferable many-body interatomic potentials by symbolic regression

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 161-171页

作者： Alberto Hernandez Adarsh Balasubramanian Fenglin Yuan simon A.M.mason Tim Mueller Department of Materials science and Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

The length and time scales of atomistic simulations are limited by the computational cost of the methods used to predict material *** recent years there has been great progress in the use of machine-learning algorithms to develop fast and accurate interatomic potential models,but it remains a challenge to develop models that generalize well and are fast enough to be used at extreme time and length *** address this challenge,we have developed a machine-learning algorithm based on symbolic regression in the form of genetic programming that is capable of discovering accurate,computationally efficient many-body potential *** key to our approach is to explore a hypothesis space of models based on fundamental physical principles and select models within this hypothesis space based on their accuracy,speed,and *** focus on simplicity reduces the risk of overfitting the training data and increases the chances of discovering a model that generalizes *** algorithm was validated by rediscovering an exact Lennard-Jones potential and a sutton-Chen embedded-atom method potential from training data generated using these *** using training data generated from density functional theory calculations,we found potential models for elemental copper that are simple,as fast as embedded-atom models,and capable of accurately predicting properties outside of their training *** approach requires relatively small sets of training data,making it possible to generate training data using highly accurate methods at a reasonable computational *** present our approach,the forms of the discovered models,and assessments of their transferability,accuracy and speed.

关键词： symbolic simplicity transfer

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoid solmonella in military personnel,1988-2013

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第6期8卷 387-392页

作者： Apichai srijan Woradee Lurchachaiwong Boonchai Wongstitwilairoong Ladaporn Bodhidatta Carl mason Brett swierczewski Department of Enteric Diseases Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical SciencesBangkokThailand Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical sciences current affiliation of the Henry M.Jackson FoundationBethesdaMDUSA

Objective:To describe the spanning 25 years data for the occurrence, magnitude, and trends regarding antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidalsalmonella (NTs) isolated from non-immune travelers to Thailand participating in joint military ***:A total of 355 NTs isolates, obtained from 2052 fecal samples from Us soldiers deployed for military maneuvers in Thailand during 1988-2013, were examined for NTs serogroup/serotypes and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disk diffusion to these 10 antibiotics:ampicillin, azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin (sTR), tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Identified AZM-resistant NTs isolates were further evaluated for their minimal inhibitory concentration by the E-test ***:NTs infections accounted for 17.3％ (355/2052), including 11 serogroups and 50 different serotypes. The most prevalent serogroup wassalmonella group C2-C3 (35.8％, 127/355) followed by groups B (21.1％, 75/355) and C1 (18.6％, 66/355). Identified serotypes includedsalmonellahadar (n=60),salmonellarissen (n=45), andsalmonella blockley (n=34). Among the predominate serogroups, antimicrobial resistance was consistently high against TET (76.9％, 273/355) followed by sTR (40.8％, 145/355). Onesalmonella senftenberg isolate demonstrated decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Most isolates (94.6％) were resistant to one or more antimicrobials, and the most common multidrug resistance was TET-sTR-nalidixic acid (11.5％, 41/355).Conclusions:The prevalence of NTs serotypes and the growing magnitude of antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from deployed Us military in Thailand are documented from 1988-2013. This study demonstrates the antibiotic resistance profiles, highlighting the effectiveness of AZM that is a first-line treatment for travelers to southeast Asia. AZM-resistant NTs isolates are periodically observed over a 25-year period. Hence, the ongoing surveilla

关键词： Non-typhoid salmonella Antimicrobial resistance Azithromycin Deployed military Public health Thailand

The role of radiotherapy in localised and locally advanced prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第2期6卷 153-161页

作者： Michel Bolla Ann Henry Malcom mason Thomas Wiegel Department of Radiation Oncology Grenoble Alpes UniversityGrenobleFrance Department of Clinical Oncology St.James’s University HospitalLeedsUK Cardiff University Velindre HospitalWhitchurchUK Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital UlmGermany

For a patient suffering from non-metastatic prostate cancer,the individualized recommendation of radiotherapy has to be the fruit of a multidisciplinary approach in the context of a Tumor Board,to be explained carefully to the patient to obtain his informed *** beam radiotherapy is now delivered by intensity modulated radiotherapy,considered as the gold *** a radiotherapy perspective,low-risk localized prostate cancer is treated by image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy,or brachytherapy if patients meet the required eligibility ***-risk patients may benefit from intensity modulated radiotherapy combined with 4e6 months of androgen deprivation therapy;intensity modulated radiotherapy alone or combined with brachytherapy can be offered to patients unsuitable for androgen deprivation therapy due to co-morbidities or unwilling to accept it to preserve their sexual ***-risk prostate cancer,***-risk localized and locally advanced prostate cancer,requires intensity modulated radiotherapy with long-term(≥2 years)androgen deprivation therapy with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone ***-operative irradiation,either immediate or early deferred,is proposed to patients classified as pT3pN0,based on surgical margins,prostate-specific antigen values and quality of *** the techniques and their degree of sophistication,quality assurance plays a major role in the management of radiotherapy,requiring the involvement of physicians,physicists,dosimetrists,radiation technologists and computer *** patients must be informed about the potential morbidity of radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy and followed regularly during and after treatment for tertiary prevention and evaluation.A close cooperation is needed with general practitioners and specialists to prevent and mitigate side effects and maintain quality of life.

关键词： Localized prostate cancer Locally advanced prostate cancer Brachytherapy Intensity modulated radiotherapy short-term and longterm androgen deprivation therapy

Dielectric elastomer artificial muscle materials advancement and soft robotic applications

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smartMat 2023年第4期4卷 178-198页

作者： Yuxuan Guo Qicong Qin Ziqing Han Roshan Plamthottam mason Possinger Qibing Pei Department of Materials science and Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Conventional robotic systems are built with rigid materials to deal with large forces and predetermined *** robotics,however,is an emerging field seeking to develop adaptable robots that can perform tasks in unpredictable environments and biocompatible devices that close the gap between humans and *** elastomers(DEs)have emerged as a soft actuation technology that imitates the properties and performance of natural muscles,making them an attractive material choice for soft ***,conventional DE materials suffer from electromechanical instability(EMI),which reduces their performance and limits their applications in soft *** review discusses key innovations in DE artificial muscles from a material standpoint,followed by a survey on their representative demonstrations of soft ***,we introduce modifications of DE materials that enable large strains,fast responses,and high energy densities by suppressing ***,we examine materials that allow variable stiffness and self‐healing abilities in DE ***,we review dielectric elastomer actuator(DEA)applications in soft robotics in four categories,including automation,manipulation,locomotion,and human interaction.

关键词： artificial muscle carbon nanotube dielectric elastomer electroactive polymer soft robotics

Numerical simulation of Heat Transfer in Rectangular Microchannel

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第2期1卷 231-241页

作者： Jun Yao Yufeng Yao Peter J.mason Mayur K.Patel Faculty of Engineering Kingston University104 Friars AvenueRoehampton ValeLondon SW153DWUnited Kingdom school of Computing and Mathematical sciences University of Greenwich30 Park RowGreenwichLondon SE109LSUnited Kingdom

Numerical simulation of heat transfer in a high aspect ratio rectangular microchannel with heat sinks has been conducted,similar to an experimental *** channel heights measuring 0.3 mm,0.6 mm and 1 mm are considered and the Reynolds number varies from 300 to 2360,based on the hydraulic ***ulation starts with the validation study on the Nusselt number and the Poiseuille number variations along the channel streamwise *** is found that the predicted Nusselt number has shown very good agreement with the theoretical estimation,but some discrepancies are noted in the Poiseuille number *** observation however is in consistent with conclusions made by other researchers for the same flow *** continues on the evaluation of heat transfer characteristics,namely the friction factor and the thermal *** is found that noticeable scaling effect happens at small channel height of 0.3 mm and the predicted friction factor agrees fairly well with an experimental based *** simulation further reveals that the thermal resistance is low at small channel height,indicating that the heat transfer performance can be enhanced with the decrease of the channel height.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics rectangular microchannel scaling effect thermal resistance