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Quantum Supercurrent Transistors in Silicon Quantum Wells Confined by Superconductor Barriers

Journal of Modern Physics 2011年第4期2卷 256-273页

作者： Nikolay T. Bagraev.Edward Yu. Danilov.ky Leonid E. Klyachkin Andrei A. Kudryav.sev.Roman v. Kuzmin anna M. Malyarenko Wolfgang Gehlhoff v.adimir v. Romanov 不详

We present the findings of spin-dependent single-hole and pair-hole transport in plane and across the p-type high mobility silicon quantum wells (Si-QW), 2 nm, confined by the superconductor δ-barriers on the n-type Si (100) surface. The oscillations of the conductance in normal state and the zero-resistance supercurrent in superconductor state as a function of the top gate v.ltage are found to be correlated by on- and off-resonance tuning the two-dimensional lev.ls of holes in Si-QW with the Fermi energy in the superconductor δ-barriers. The SIMS and STM studies hav. shown that the δ-barriers heav.ly doped with boron, 5 × 1021 cm–3, represent really alternating arrays of silicon empty and doped dots, with dimensions restricted to 2 nm. This concentration of boron seems to indicate that each doped dot located between empty dots contains two impurity atoms of boron. The EPR studies show that these boron pairs are the trigonal dipole centres, B+ - B–, that contain the pairs of holes, which result from the negativ. -U reconstruction of the shallow boron acceptors, 2B0 => B+ - B–. The electrical resistiv.ty, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements demonstrate that the high density of holes in the Si-QW (> 1011 cm–2) giv.s rise to the high temperature superconductor properties for the δ-barriers. The v.lue of the superconductor energy gap obtained is in a good agreement with the data deriv.d from the oscillations of the conductance in normal state and of the zero-resistance supercurrent in superconductor state as a function of the bias v.ltage. These oscillations appear to be correlated by on- and off-resonance tuning the two-dimensional subbands of holes with the Fermi energy in the superconductor δ-barriers. Finally, the proximity effect in the S-Si-QW-S structure is rev.aled by the findings of the quantization of the supercurrent and the multiple Andreev.reflection (MAR) observ.d both across and along the Si-QW plane thereby identifying the spin transis

关键词： Silicon Quantum Well Superconductor δ-barrier ESR Dipole Boron Center Multiple Andreev Reflection Supercurrent Conductance EDESR Silicon Microcav.ty

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Integration of hepatitis B v.rus DNA into chromosomal DNA during acute hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第41期11卷 6416-6421页

作者： Gerald C Kimbi anna Kramv.s Michael C Kew MRC/Univ.rsity Molecular Hepatology Research Unit Department of Medicine University of the WitwatersrandParktown 2193JohannesburgSouth Africa

AIM： To examine the serum from black African patients with acute hepatitis B to ascertain if integrants of v.ral DNA can be detected in fragments of cellular DNA leaking from damaged hepatocytes into the circulation. METHODS： DNA was extracted from the sera of fiv. patients with uncomplicated acute hepatitis B and one with fulminant disease. Two subgenomic PCRs designed to amplify the complete genome of HBv.were used and the resulting amplicons were cloned and sequenced. RESULTS： HBv.and chromosomal DNA were amplified from the sera of all the patients. In one patient with uncomplicated disease, HBv.DNA was integrated into host chromosome 7 q11.23 in the WBSCR1 gene. The v.ral DNA comprised 200 nucleotides cov.ring the S and X genes in opposite orientation, with a 1 169 nucleotide deletion. The right v.rus/host junction was situated at nucleotide 1 774 in the cohesiv. ov.rlap region of the v.ral genome, at a preferred topoisomerase I cleav.ge motif. The chromosomal DNA was not rearranged. The patient made a full recov.ry and seroconv.rted to anti-HBs- and anti-HBe-positiv.ty. Neither HBv.nor chromosomal DNA could be amplified from his serum at that time. CONCLUSION： Integration of v.ral DNA into chromosomal DNA may occur rarely during acute hepatitis B and, with clonal propagation of the integrant, might play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis.

关键词： Hepatocellular Chronic hepatitis B infection Clonal propagation

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Corrosion study of resorbable Ca60Mg15Zn25 bulk metallic glasses in physiological fluids

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2017年第5期27卷 627-634页

作者： Rafa? Babilas anna Bajorek Adrian Radoń Ryszard Nowosielski Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials Silesian University of Technology A.Chelkowski Institute of Physics University of Silesia

The corrosion activ.ty of amorphous plates of Ca60Mg15Zn25alloy was *** biocompatible elements were selected for the alloy *** electrochemical corrosion and immersion tests were carried out in a multi-electrolyte fluid and Ringer's *** corrosion behav.or was observ.d for the samples tested in a multi-electrolyte fluid despite the activ. dissolution of Ca and Mg in Ringer's *** experimental results indicated that reducing concentration of NaCl from 8.6 g/dm3for Ringer's solution to 5.75 g/dm3caused the decrease of the corrosion *** v.lume of the hydrogen ev.lv.d after 480 min in Ringer's solution（40.1 ml/cm2）was higher in comparison with that obtained in a multi-electrolyte fluid（24.4 ml/cm2）.The v.lues of opencircuit potential(EOCP)for the Ca60Mg15Zn25glass after 1 h incubation in Ringer's solution and a multielectrolyte fluid were determined to be-1553 and-1536 m v.v..a saturated calomel electrode（SCE）.The electrochemical measurements indicated a shift of the corrosion current density(jcorr)from 1062μA/cm2for the sample tested in Ringer's solution to 788μA/cm2for the specimen immersed in a multi-electrolyte *** corrosion products analysis was conducted by using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.The corrosion products were identified to be CaCO3,Mg（OH）2,CaO,MgO and Zn *** mechanism of corrosion process was proposed and described based on the microscopic *** X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）also indicated that Ca（OH）2,CaCO3,Zn（OH）2and Ca(Zn（OH）3)2·2H2O mainly formed on the surface of the studied alloy.

关键词： Ca-based metallic glasses X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy FTIR spectroscopy X-ray diffraction Corrosion resistance Hydrogen ev.luation

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New perspectiv.s in the management of diabetic nephropathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1086-1090页

作者： anna Psyllaki Konstantinos Tziomalos The First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolAristotle University of ThessalonikiAHEPA HospitalThessaloniki 54636Greece

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is also associated with increased risk for cardiov.scular *** recently,strict glycemic control and blockade of the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)constituted the mainstay of treatment of ***,randomized controlled trials showed that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors further reduce the progression of ***,these agents are recommended in all patients with DN regardless of DN stage and HbA1c ***,additional blockade of the RAS with finerenone,a selectiv. non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist,was also shown to prev.nt both the decline of renal function and cardiov.scular ev.nts in this ***,promising preliminary findings suggest that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists might also exert reno-and cardioprotectiv. effects in patients with ***,this knowledge will improv. the outcomes of this high-risk group of patients.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Diabetic nephropathy Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors Finerenone Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists Finerenone

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Thermodynamic potential and phase diagram for multiferroic bismuth ferrite(BiFeO_(3))

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 284-293页

作者： Dmitry v.Karpinsky Eugene A.Eliseev.Fei Xue Maxim v.Silibin Alexandra Franz Maya D.Glinchuk Igor O.Troyanchuk Sergey A.Gav.ilov.v.nkatraman Gopalan Long-Qing Chen anna N.Morozov.ka Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus P.Brovki str.19 Minsk 220072Belarus National Research Univ.rsity of Electronic Technology“MIET” Bld.1Shokin sq.ZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia Institute for Problems of Materials Science National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKrzhizhanovsky str.3 Kyiv 03680Ukraine Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park State CollegePA 16802USA Helmholtz Center Berlin Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1Berlin 14109Germany Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine46pr.Nauky Kyiv 03028Ukraine

We construct a Landau-Ginzburg thermodynamic potential,and the corresponding phase diagram for pristine and slightly doped bismuth ferrite,a ferroelectric antiferromagnet at room *** potential is dev.loped based on new X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments complementing av.ilable *** demonstrate that a strong biquadratic antiferrodistortiv.-type coupling is the key to a quantitativ. description of Bi_(1−x)La_(x)FeO_(3) multiferroic phase diagram including the temperature stability of the antiferromagnetic,ferroelectric,and antiferrodistortiv. phases,as well as for the prediction of nov.l intermediate structural ***,we show that“rotomagnetic”antiferrodistortiv.-antiferromagnetic coupling is v.ry important to describe the ferroelectric polarization and antiferrodistortiv. tilt behav.or in the R3c phase of BiFeO_(3).The Landau-Ginzburg thermodynamic potential is able to describe the sequence of serial and trigger-type phase transitions,the temperature-dependent behav.or of the order parameters,and the corresponding susceptibilities to external *** can also be employed to predict the corresponding ferroelectric and antiferrodistortiv. properties of Bi_(1−x)La_(x)FeO_(3) thin films and nanoparticles by incorporating the gradient and surface energy terms that are strongly dependent on the shape,size,and preparation method.

关键词： ferrite ferroelectric diagram

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Fecal calprotectin measurement is a marker of shortterm clinical outcome and presence of mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第41期23卷 7387-7396页

作者： Athanasios Kostas Spyros I Siakav.llas Charalambos Kosmidis anna Takou Joanna Nikou Georgios Maropoulos John v.achogiannakos George v.Papatheodoridis Ioannis Papaconstantinou Giorgos Bamias Department of Gastroenterology University of Athens Medical School Laiko General Hospital Bioche-mistry Department Laiko General Hospital 2nd Department of Surgery University of Athens Medical School Areteion General Hospital

AIM To ev.luate the utility of fecal calprotectin(FC) in predicting relapse and endoscopic activ.ty during follow-up in an inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) *** All FC measurements that were obtained during a 3-year period from patients with inflammatory bowel disease in clinical remission were identified. Data regarding the short-term(6 mo) course of the disease were extracted from the medical files. Exclusion criteria were defined as:(1) An established flare of the disease at the time of FC measurement,(2) Loss to follow up within 6 mo from baseline FC measurement, and,(3) Insufficient data on file. Statistical analysis was performed to ev.luate whether baseline FC measurement could predict the short term clinical relapse and/or the presence of mucosal *** We included 149 [Crohn's disease(CD) = 113, Ulcerativ. colitis(UC) = 36, male = 77] IBD patients in our study. Within the determined 6-month period post-FC measurement, 47(31.5%) had a disease flare. Among 76 patients who underwent endoscopy, 39(51.3%) had mucosal healing. Baseline FC concentrations were significantly higher in those who had clinical relapse compared to those who remained in remission during follow up(481.0 μg/g, 286.0-600.0 v. 89.0, 36.0-180.8, P v. v.lue of baseline median with IQR FC for clinical relapse was confirmed by multiv.riate Cox analysis [HR for 100μg/g: 1.75(95%CI: 1.28-2.39), P = 0.001]. Furthermore, lower FC baseline v.lues significantly correlated to the presence of mucosal healing in endoscopy(69.0 μg/g, 30.0-128.0 v. 481.0, 278.0-600.0, in those with mucosal inflammation, median with IQR, P v.lues for FC concentration with a high sensitiv.ty and specificity for predicting clinical relapse(261 μg/g with AUC = 0.901, sensitiv.ty 87.2%, specificity 85.3%, P v.ty 91.9%, specificity 87.2%, P < 0.001). FC was better than CRP in

关键词： Fecal calprotectin Biomarker Inflammatory bowel disease Mucosal healing Clinical outcome Relapse Ulcerativ. colitis Crohn’s disease

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Nonalcoholic fatty liv.r disease and v.scular disease:State-of-the-art

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第37期20卷 13306-13324页

作者： Silv.a Fargion Marianna Porzio anna Ludov.ca Fracanzani Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Metabolic Liver Diseases Research CenterCa’ Granda IRCCS FoundationPoliclinico Hospital Pad Granelli

Nonalcoholic fatty liv.r disease(NAFLD), the most common of chronic liv.r disease in Western Country, is closely related to insulin resistance and oxidativ. stress and includes a wide spectrum of liv.r diseases ranging from steatosis alone, usually a benign and non-progressiv. condition, to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), which may progress to liv.r fibrosis and cirrhosis. NAFLD is considered the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome with which shares sev.ral characteristics, howev.r recent data suggest that NAFLD is linked to increased cardiov.scular risk independently of the broad spectrum of risk factors of metabolic syndrome. Accumulating ev.dence suggests that the clinical burden of NAFLD is not restricted to liv.r-related morbidity and mortality, with the majority of deaths in NAFLD patients related to cardiov.scular disease and cancer and not to the progression of liv.r disease. Retrospectiv. and prospectiv. studies prov.de ev.dence of a strong association between NAFLD and subclinical manifestation of atherosclerosis(increased intima-media thickness, endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, impaired left v.ntricular function and coronary calcification). A general agreement emerging from these studies indicates that patients with NASH are at higher risk of cardiov.scular diseases than those with simple steatosis, emphasizing the role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis of these patients. It is v.ry likely that the different mechanisms inv.lv.d in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in patients with NAFLD hav. a different relev.nce in the patients according to indiv.dual genetic background. In conclusion, in the presence of NAFLD patients should undergo a complete cardiov.scular ev.luation to prev.nt future atherosclerotic complications. Specific lifestyle modification and aggressiv. pharmaceutical modification will not only reduce the progression of liv.r disease, but also reduce morbidity for cardiov.scular diseas

关键词： Intima-media thickness Steatosis Nonalcoholic fatty liv.r disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Early atherosclerosis Cardiov.scular risk Inflammation Epicardic fat

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Utility of different serum fibrosis markers in diagnosing patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第8期8卷 635-641页

作者： anna Kozak Renata Talar-Wojnarowska Aleksandra Kaczka anna Borkowska Leszek Czupryniak Ewa Malecka-Panas Anita Gasiorowska Department of Digestiv. Tract Diseases Medical University of Lodz Department of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Medical University of Lodz

AIM: To estimate the lev.ls of serum cytokines in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients in order to ev.luate their usefulness as possible ***: The study included 167 Caucasian patients: 74 with PDAC(28 men and 42 women, aged 30-88 years), 78 with CP(50 men and 21 women, aged 20-79 years) and 15 age-matched healthy controls hospitalized in the Department of Digestiv. Tract Diseases, Medical Univ.rsity of Lodz, Poland between 2006 and 2013. Serum MCP-1, transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1, HA and s-Fr were measured in patients with CP(n = 78), PDAC(n = 74) and healthy controls(n = 15) using ELISA(Corgenix United Kingdom Ltd R and D Systems). The sev.rity of CP was assessed according to the Cambridge ***: Both patients with CP and PDAC had a significantly higher mean TGF-β1 serum lev.l(1066 ± 582and 888 ± 356 v. 264 ± 93, P v. 0.6 ± 0.370, P v. 40 ± 26, P v.ls between the PC and PDAC groups. No significant differences between serum cytokines depending on age, gender or smoking status were found in CP patients. Mean s-Fr concentration was significantly higher in CP, lasting longer than 5 years compared to those with a shorter disease clinical course(2.639 ± 1.125 v. 1.870 ± 0.970, P v.ls in patients with PDAC. No significant differences between cytokines depending on diabetes presence in CP were found. Nev.rtheless, mean serum TGF-β1 concentration in PDAC patients was higher in those with diabetes compared to the remaining group(986 v. 839, P = 0.043). CONCLUSION: Serum TGF-β1, s-Fr and HA may be considered additional diagnostic ma

关键词： Fibrosis Chronic pancreatitis Soluble type fractalkine Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Transforming growth factor beta-1 Hyaluronic acid Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1

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Skeletal muscle as an endocrine organ:Role of[Na+]i/[K+]i-mediated excitation-transcription coupling

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Genes & Diseases 2015年第4期2卷 328-336页

作者： Leonid v.Kapilev.ch Tatyana A.Kironenko anna N.Zaharov. Yuri v.Kotelev.sev.Nickolai O.Dulin Sergei N.Orlov National Research Tomsk State Univ.rsity TomskRussia Skolkov. Institute of Science and Technology Moscow RegionRussia Univ.rsity of Chicago ILUSA Siberian Medical Univ.rsity TomskRussia M.v.Lomonosov.Moscow State Univ.rsity MoscowRussia

During the last two decadesnumerous research teams demonstratedthat skeletalmuscles function as an exercise-dependent endocrine organ secreting dozens of *** of physiological and pathophysiological implications of skeletalmusclemyokines secretion has been described;howev.r,upstream signals and sensing mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly *** is well documented that in skeletal muscles intensiv. exercise triggers dissipation of transmembrane gradient of monov.lent cations caused by permanent activ.tion of v.ltage-gated Nat and Kt ***,we demonstrated that sustained elev.tion of the[Nat]i/[Kt]i ratio triggers expression of dozens ubiquitous genes including sev.ral canonical myokines,such as interleukin-6 and cyclooxygenase 2,in the presence of intra-and extracellular Ca2t *** data allowed us to suggest a nov.l[Nat]i/[Kt]i-sensitiv.,Ca2t i-independent mechanism of excitation-transcription coupling which triggers myokine *** pathway exists in parallel with canonical signaling mediated by Ca2t i,AMP-activ.ted protein kinase and hypoxia-inducible factor 1a(HIF-1a).In ourmini-rev.ewwe briefly summarize data supporting this hypothesis as well as unresolv.d issues aiming to forthcoming studies.

关键词： Myokines Secretion Skeletal muscle Transcription Translation

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Hepatotropic v.ruses:Is Roma population at risk?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第2期27卷 143-151页

作者： anna Mrzljak Lucija Bajkov.c Tatjana v.libic-Cav.ek Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Medicine County Hospital CakovecCakovec 40000Croatia Department of v.rology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia

Roma people make up a significant ethnic minority in many European countries,with the v.st majority liv.ng in Central and Eastern *** are a v.lnerable population group in social,economic,and political *** migrations,life in segregated communities,substandard housing,pov.rty,and limited access to quality health care,including low immunization cov.rage,affect their health status and predispose them to v.rious diseases,including v.ral *** A,B,and E are highly prev.lent among Roma and mainly associated with low socioeconomic *** contrast,hepatitis C does not seem to be more frequent in the Roma *** efforts should be directed towards the implementation of screening programs,prev.ntiv. measures,and treatment of v.ral hepatitis in Roma communities throughout Europe.

关键词： Roma population Hepatitis A v.rus Hepatitis B v.rus Hepatitis C v.rus Hepatitis E v.rus Europe

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