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Amur tiger conservation education program:A pilot study on program effectiveness

Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 403-407页

作者： anna s.mukhacheva Vasilissa V.DERUGINA Galina D.MAKsIMOVA svetlana V.sOUTYRINA sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik Primorskii KraiTerneiRussia Wildlife Conservation society BronxNew YorkUSA Youth Creative Arts Center of Ternei Uragus Ecological ClubTerneiPrimorskii KraiRussia

Anthropogenic impacts are the primary threats to Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and their *** living in proximity to tigers tend to view them negatively and,often,as a source of revenue on black *** aim to reduce human–tiger conflict by working with young students of Ternei County in the heart of tiger habitat in Primorskii Krai(Province).To inform and influence Ternei County’s future decision-makers,we developed“safe Conduct”,a year-long education program held in 6 villages,culminating in a multi-school *** tested the efficacy of safe Conduct as a potential model for tiger conservation educational *** measured levels of student knowledge about tiger ecology,their attitude towards tigers,and their willingness to engage in tiger conservation activites prior to,immediately after and 6 months following the completion of our *** supported the fundamental premise of safe Conduct that knowledge and attitude towards tigers are *** of tiger ecology and attitude towards tigers increased by the project’s completion;both remained high after 6 ***,commitment to participation in conservation efforts rose temporarily post-program and then *** varied by *** recommend that the reasons for the high performance measures of students in 2 villages be investigated,and that lessons learned be applied to villages that *** Conduct represents a potential model for environmental education programs in Ternei County and elsewhere to educate future generations,to eventually develop a strong commitment to Amur tiger conservation at the community level.

关键词： Amur tiger behavior change conservation children education programs

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A comparison of food habits and prey preference of Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)at three sites in the Russian Far East

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 354-364页

作者： Linda L.KERLEY anna s.mukhacheva Dina s.MATYUKHINA Elena s.ALMANOVA Galina P.sALKINA Dale G.MIQUELLE Zoological society of London Regent’s ParkLondonUK sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik TerneiPrimorskii KraiRussia FsBI“Land of Leopard ”VladivostokPrimorskii KraiRussia FsBI“United Lazovskii state Nature Zapovednik named after“Kaplanov”and Zov Tigra National Park ”Primorskii KraiRussia Wildlife Conservation society BronxNew YorkUSA

Prey availability is one of the principal drivers of tiger distribution and ***,formulating effective conservation strategies requires a clear understanding of tiger *** used scat analysis in combination with data on the abundance of several prey species to estimate Amur tiger diet and preference at 3 sites in the Russian Far *** also examined the effect of pseudoreplication on estimates of tiger *** collected 770 scats across the 3 *** to previous studies,we found that tigers primarily preyed on medium to large ungulates,with wild boar,roe,sika and red deer collectively comprising 86.7%of total biomass consumed on *** to Jacobs’index,tigers preferred wild boar,and avoided sika *** in preference indices derived from these scat analyses compared to indices derived from kill data appear to be due to adjustments in biomass intake when sex–age of a killed individual is known:a component missing from scat ***(multiple samples collected from a single kill site)also skewed results derived from scat *** analysis still appears useful in providing insight into the diets of carnivores when the full spectrum of prey species needs to be identified,or when sample sizes from kill data are not *** sample sizes of kill data are large(as is now possible with GPs-collared animals),kill data adjusted by sex–age categories probably provides the most accurate estimates of prey biomass *** results provide further confirmation of the centrality of medium ungulates,in particular wild boar,to Amur tiger diet,and suggest that the protection of this group of species is critical to Amur tiger conservation.

关键词： Amur tiger diet Jacobs’index predation Russian Far East

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Detection of Ca^(2+)-dependent acid phosphatase activity identifies neuronal integrity in damaged rat central nervous system after application of bacterial melanin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1147-1152页

作者： Tigran R. Petrosyan anna s. Ter-Markosyan anna s. Hovsepyan Yerevan state Medical University YerevanArmenia sPC"Armbiotechnology"sNPO NAs RA YerevanArmenia

The study aims to confirm the neuroregenerative effects of bacterial melanin （BM） on central nervous system injury using a special staining method based on the detection of Ca^2＋-dependent acid phosphatase activity. Twenty-four rats were randomly assigned to undergo either unilateral destruction of sensorimotor cortex （group I; n = 12） or unilateral rubrospinal tract transection at the cervical level （C3-4）（group II; n = 12）. In each group, six rats were randomly selected after surgery to undergo intramuscular injection of BM solution （BM subgroup） and the remaining six rats were intramuscularly in）ected with saline （saline subgroup）. Neurological testing confirmed that BM accelerated the recovery of motor function in rats from both BM and saline subgroups. Two months after surgery, Ca^2＋-dependent acid phosphatase activity detection in combination with Chilingarian＇s calcium adenoside triphosphate method revealed that BM stimulated the sprouting of fibers and dilated the capillaries in the brain and spinal cord. These results suggest that BM can promote the recovery of motor function of rats with central nervous system injury; and detection of Ca^2＋-dependent acid phosphatase activity is a fast and easy method used to study the regeneration-promoting effects of BM on the injured central nervous system.

关键词： nerve regeneration bacterial melanin histochemical analysis rubrospinal tract sensorimotor cortex Ca^2+-dependent acid phosphatase activity rats neural regeneration

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semantic segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s V V shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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Forget-me-not： Complex floral displays, inter-signal interactions, and pollinator cognition

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 215-224页

作者： Anne s. LEONARD anna DORNHAUs Daniel R. PAPAJ Center for Insect science / Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Flowers are multisensory displays used by plants to influence the behavior of pollinators. Although we know a great deal about how individual signal components are produced by plants and detected or learned by pollinators, very few experiments directly address the function of floral signal complexity, i.e. how the multicomponent nature of these signals benefits plant or pollinator. Yet, experimental psychology suggests that increasing complexity can enhance subjects＇ ability to detect, learn and remember stimuli, and the plant＇s reproductive success depends upon ensuring that pollinators learn their signals and so transport pollen to other similar （conspecific） flowers. Here we explore functional hypotheses for why plants invest in complex floral displays, focusing on hypotheses in which floral signals interact to promote pollinator learning and memory. specifically, we discuss how an attention-altering or context-providing function of one signal may promote acquisition or recall of a second signal. Although we focus on communication between plants and pollinators, these process-based hypotheses should apply to any situation where a sender benefits from enhancing a receiver＇s acquisition or recall of information .

关键词： Multimodal signal Learning Attention Bee Context Flower

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A review on transition metal oxides based photocatalysts for degradation of synthetic organic pollutants

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第5期139卷 389-417页

作者： Athira Krishnan anna swarnalal Divine Das Midhina Krishnan Viswanathan s.saji sMAshibli Department of Chemistry Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriKerala690525India Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala695581India

This review provides insight into the current research trend in transition metal oxides(TMOs)-based photocatalysis in removing the organic colouring matters from *** easy understanding,the research progress has been presented in four generations according to the catalyst composition and mode of application,viz:single component TMOs(the firstgeneration),doped TMOs/binary TMOs/doped binary TMOs(the second-generation),inactive/active support-immobilized TMOs(the third-generation),and ternary/quaternary compositions(the fourth-generation).The first two generations represent suspended catalysts,the third generation is supported catalysts,and the fourth generation can be suspended or *** review provides an elaborated comparison between suspended and supported catalysts,their general/specific requirements,key factors controlling degradation,and the methodologies for performance *** the plausible fundamental and advanced dye degradation mechanisms involved in each generation of catalysts were *** existing challenges in TMOs-based photocatalysis and how the researchers approach the hitch to resolve it effectively are *** research trends are also presented.

关键词： Photocatalysis Dye degradation Transition metal oxides and composites supported catalysts suspended catalysts

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Cyclicity of the Lower Buntsandstein in the eastern part of the Central European Basin:implications for Early Triassic palaeogeography and for geochronological calibration

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 252-292页

作者： anna Becker Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute 4 Rakowiecka str.00-975 WarsawPoland

Lower Buntsandstein small—scale cycles recognized in the Central European Basin(CEB) are readily used for astrochronological calibration of the Early Triassic time scales,although they are not well studied *** borehole sections from the eastern part of the CEB,forming a south-north transect perpendicular to the basin axis,were studied in terms to better understand the depositional history of the Lower Buntsandstein developed as the Baltic Formation in the studied Polish part of the *** sedimentary facies were recognized,based on lithological and sedimentological investigations of 655.7 m of drill cores from the Otyń IG 1,Gorzów Wielkopolski IG 1 and Kamień Pomorski IG 1 *** facies can be grouped according to a lithological criterion into facies of predominantly siliciclastic lithology(including 9facies types) and facies of predominantly carbonate lithology(including 2 facies types).Facies analysis allowed to distinguish 8 facies associations of:1) alluvial fan,2) playa,3) sandy-muddy coastal plain,4)embayment and distal delta,5) lagoon,6) sand bars or shoals,7) ooidal shoals or bars,and 8) ***-upward(DC) and shallowing-upward(sC) sedimentary cycles were recognized in parts of the Baltic Formation,with DCs dominating in the southernmost located Otyń IG 1,and sCs dominating in Gorz ow Wielkopolski IG 1,located in the axial part of the *** cycles are very *** statistical significance of the sedimentary cycles is relatively low according to Markov-chain analysis conducted with the phpsedistat software of stanova et al.(2009).Analysis of small—scale cycles performed on well logs of investigated boreholes and additional boreholes in the vicinity of Otyń IG 1,implementing the earlier study of Becker(2005),showed that the correlation of well-log cycles(GR cycles) and sedimentary cycles is not *** cycles can be roughly correlated with lithological carbonate—siliciclastic cycles(c-s cycles),refle

关键词： Triassic Lower Buntsandstein Cyclicity Central European Basin

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Cornea modelling

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 11-25页

作者： anna Pandolfi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Politecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanoItaly

Background:Biomechanics introduces numerous technologies to support clinical practice in ophthalmology,with the goal of improving surgical outcomes and to develop new advanced technologies with minimum impact on clinical ***,a few misconceptions on the way that computational methods should be applied to living tissues contributes to a lack of confidence towards computer-based ***:Corneal biomechanics relies on sound theories of mechanics,including concepts of equilibrium,geometrical measurements,and complex material *** peculiarities of biological tissues require the consideration of multi-physics,typical of the eye environment,and to adopt customized geometrical models constructed on the basis of advanced optical imaging and in-vivo ***:Patient-specific models are able to predict the outcomes of refractive surgery and to exploit the results of in-vivo test to characterize the material properties of the corneal ***:Corneal biomechanics can become an important support to clinical practice,provided that methods are based on the actual multi-physics and use customized geometrical and mechanical models.

关键词： Corneal biomechanics Physiologic configuration Tonometry modelling Refractive surgery modelling

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Optical disassembly of cellular clusters by tunable ‘tug-of-war’ tweezers

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Light(science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 444-450页

作者： anna s Bezryadina Daryl C Preece Joseph C Chen Zhigang Chen Department of Physics and Astronomy San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCA 94132USA school of Mathematics and Physics The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of NanoEngineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Biology San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCA 94132USA The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics TEDA Applied Physical Institute and School of PhysicsNankai UniversityTianjin 300457China

Bacterial biofilms underlie many persistent infections,posing major hurdles in antibiotic *** we design and demonstrate‘tug-of-war’optical tweezers that can facilitate the assessment of cell–cell adhesion—a key contributing factor to biofilm development,thanks to the combined actions of optical scattering and gradient *** a customized optical landscape distinct from that of conventional tweezers,not only can such‘tug-of-war’tweezers stably trap and stretch a rod-shaped bacterium in the observing plane,but,more importantly,they can also impose a tunable lateral force that pulls apart cellular clusters without any tethering or mechanical *** a proof of principle,we examined a sinorhizobium meliloti strain that forms robust biofilms and found that the strength of intercellular adhesion depends on the growth *** technique may herald new photonic tools for optical manipulation and biofilm study,as well as other biological applications.

关键词： bacterial adhesion biofilm optical forces optical manipulation tug-of-war optical tweezers

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Prestroke physical activity is associated with admission haematoma volume and the clinical outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第6期8卷 511-520,I0081-I0084页

作者： Adam Viktorisson Dongni Buvarp anna Danielsson Thomas skoglund Katharina s sunnerhagen sahlgrenska University Hospital GothenburgSweden Department of Clinical Neuroscience University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Health and Rehabilitation University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Neurosurgery Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Sahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden

Background Prestroke physical activity(PA)has been linked to improved outcomes after intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH),but its association with ICH volume is *** aimed to investigate associations of prestroke PA with location-specific haematoma volume and the clinical outcome of *** All patients with primary ICH,admitted to three hospitals between 2014 and 2019,were *** performing light PA≥4 hour/week the year before stroke were considered physically *** volumes were assessed from admission brain *** associations were estimated using multivariate linear and logistic regression *** volume was explored as mediator to the relationship between prestroke PA and mild stroke severity(0-4 points on the National Institutes of Health stroke scale),a good 1-week functional status(0-3 points on the modified Rankin scale)and 90-day *** direct effects(ADE)and average causal mediation effects(ACME)were *** Of 686 primary ICH cases,349 were deep,240 lobar and 97 *** PA predicted smaller haematoma volumes in deep ICH(β=−0.36,sE=0.09,psE=0.09,p=0.016).Prestroke PA was also associated with mild stroke severity(OR 2.53,95%CI 1.59 to 4.01),a good 1-week functional status(OR 2.12,95%CI 1.37 to 3.30)and 90-day survival(OR 3.48,95%CI 2.06 to 5.91).Haematoma volume partly mediated the relationships between PA and stroke severity(ADE 0.08,p=0.004;ACME 0.10,pstatus(ADE 0.07,p=0.03;ACME 0.10,psurvival(ADE 0.14,psions Light PA≥4 hour/week prior to ICH was associated with smaller haematoma volumes in deep and lobar *** active patients with ICH had a higher likelihood of mild stroke,a good 1-week functional status and 90-day survival,in part mediated by smaller haematoma volumes on admission.

关键词： admitted severity clinical

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