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Simul.tion-based feasibil.ty study of improved air conditioning systems for hospital.operating room

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Frontiers of Architectural.Research 2013年第4期2卷 468-475页

作者： Zhiqiang (John) Zhai anna l. Osborne Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Colorado at BoulderBoulder CO 80309-0428 USA

The goal.of the air distribution inside a hospital.operating room （OR） is to protect the patient and staff from cross-infection whil. maintaining occupant comfort and not affecting the facil.tation of surgical.tasks. In ORs, HEPA-fil.ered air and vertical.（downward） l.minar airfl.w are often used to achieve a unidirectional.fl.w of fresh air from ceil.ng, washing over the patient and fl.wing out of exhaust vents on the side wal.s, near the fl.or. However, previous research has shown that this method does not necessaril. achieve the desired unidirectional.fl.w pattern or adequatel. achieve optimal.air asepsis. The resul.s from this study show that maximizing the area of the l.minar fl.w diffusers remedies this issue and provides very l.w contamination l.vel.. The use of air curtains as specified by manufacturers of commercial.products may not provide satisfactory resul.s, with noticeabl. contamination l.vel. at the wound site.

关键词： Hospital.operatingroom Air conditionins Computationat fl.id dynamics

Subcel.ul.r l.cal.zation of Rho GTPases: impl.cations for axon regeneration

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1032-1033页

作者： Di anna l.Hynds Department of Biol.gy Texas Woman's University

Damage to neurons in the central.nervous system often l.ads to a permanent l.ss of function due to several.factors,incl.ding reduced capacity of axons to regenerate and an environment that inhibits axon regeneration because of disruption of myel.n and the formation of a growth-refractory gl.al.scar around the injury（Yoon and Tuszynski,2012）.

关键词： Rho Subcel.ul.r l.cal.zation of Rho GTPases GTPase

Grafting affects yiel. and phenol.c prof il. of Sol.num mel.ngena l. l.ndraces

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2016年第5期15卷 1017-1024页

作者： l.Sabatino G Iapichino A Maggio E D’ anna M Bruno F D’ anna Department of Agricul.ural.and Forest Sciences University of Palermo Department of Biol.gical Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Palermo Regional.Centres for Agricul.ural. Technol.gies (Ce.R.T.A.) University of Foggia

The infl.ence of grafting on agronomical.and qual.tative characteristics of four Sicil.an eggpl.nt l.ndraces was investigated. Grafted and ungrafted pl.nts were compared in the open fiel. in the northern coast of Sicil.. Sol.num torvum seedl.ngs were used as rootstock. Regardl.ss of genotypes tested, grafting significantl. increased total.fruit production, marketabl. production, and number of marketabl. fruits, but did not affect weight of marketabl. fruits and waste production. l.ndrace 2（Sciacca）, with bl.ck epidermal.tissue and pyriform fruit shape, when grafted onto S. torvum not onl. gave a higher yiel. performance than ungrafted pl.nts, but al.o showed a higher phenol.c antioxidant content. l.ndrace 4（Sicil.a）, with bl.ck epidermal.tissue and smal. cyl.ndrical.fruits al.o benefited, when grafted onto S. torvum, from a substantial.increase in antioxidant fruit content. As consumers＇ demand for fruits and vegetabl.s rich in compounds important for human heal.h is steadil. increasing, these l.ndrace/rootstock combinations shoul. deserve more attention by pl.nt nurseries invol.ed in grafted seedl.ng production and interested in the val.rization and conservation of eggpl.nt biodiversity.

关键词： eggpl.nt propagation technique yiel. pol.phenol. HPl. anal.sis

Forming Stages of Pol.crystal.ine TiN Fil.s Depending on the Nitrogen Concentration in Mixed Gas

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Material. Sciences and Appl.cations 2011年第1期2卷 6-13页

作者： anna l. Kameneva 不详

The infl.ence of nitrogen concentration in mixed gas on temperature conditions, structure and phase composition of the TiN fil. deposited by arc spraying has been investigated. By el.ctron microscopic investigations and X-ray diffraction phase anal.sis was recognized forming stages and structuring process of the fil. with main cubic phase (111) TiN. It was discovered that forming stages and process of structuring of ion-pl.sma TiN fil.s are affected by both fil. temperature and its rate of heating.

关键词： Pol.crystal.ine TiN Fil. Arc Spraying Temperature Conditions Forming Stages Structure and Phase Modification

l.ck of support for Rensch＇s rul. in an intraspecific test using red fl.ur beetl. （Tribo/ium castaneum） popul.tions

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 133-140页

作者： Ol.ver Y. Martin l.kasz Michal.zyk anna l. Mil.ard Brent C. Emerson Matthew J. G. Gage School.of Biol.gical.Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom ETH Zurich Experimental Ecology Institute of Integrative Biology D-USYS Universitatsstrasse 16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Department of Entomol.gy Institute of Zoology Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 9 30-387 Krakow Poland Isl.nd Ecol.gy and Evol.tion Research Group (IPNA-CSIC) CIAstrofisico Francisco Sanchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

Rensch＇s rul. proposes a universal.al.ometric scal.ng phenomenon across species where sexual.size dimorphism （SSD） has evol.ed： in taxa with mal.-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD shoul. increase with overal. body size, and in taxa with femal.-biased dimorphism, degree of SSD shoul. decrease with increasing average body size. Rensch＇s rul. appears to hol. widel. across taxa where SSD is mal.-biased, but not consistentl. when SSD is femal.-biased. Furthermore, studies addressing this question within species are rare, so it remains uncl.ar whether this rul. appl.es at the intraspecific l.vel. We assess body size and SSD within Tribol.um castaneum （Herbst）, a species where femal.s are l.rger than mal.s, using 21 popul.tions derived from separate l.cations across the worl., and maintained in isol.ted l.boratory cul.ure for at l.ast 20 years. Body size, and hence SSD patterns, are highl. susceptibl. to variations in temperature, diet qual.ty and other environmental.factors. Crucial.y, here we nul.ify interference of such confounds as al. popul.tions were maintained under identical.conditions （simil.r densities, standard diet and exposed to identical.temperature, rel.tive humidity and photoperiod）. We measured thirty beetl.s of each sex for al. popul.tions, and found body size variation across popul.tions, and （as expected） femal.-biased SSD in al. popul.tions. We test whether Rensch＇s rul. hol.s for our popul.tions, but find isometry, i.e. no al.ometry for SSD. Our resul.s thus show that Rensch＇s rul. does not hol. across popul.tions within this species. Our intraspecific test matches previous interspecific studies showing that Rensch＇s rul. fail. in species with femal.-biased SSD.

关键词： al.ometry body size Col.optera sexual.sel.ction sexual.size dimorphism Tenebrionidae

Embracing ol.godendrocyte diversity in the context of perinatal.injury

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1575-1585页

作者： Jessie Newvil.e l.uren l.Jantzie l.e anna Cunningham Department of Neurosciences University of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA Department of Pediatrics University of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Emerging evidence is fuel.ng a new appreciation of ol.godendrocyte diversity that is overturning the traditional.view that ol.godendrocytes are a homogenous cel. *** of distinct origins,maturational.stages,and regional.l.cations may differ in their functional.capacity or susceptibil.ty to *** of the most unique qual.ties of the ol.godendrocyte is its abil.ty to produce *** abnormal.ties have been ascribed to a remarkabl. array of perinatal.brain injuries,with concomitant ol.godendrocyte *** this review,we discuss new insights into the diversity of the ol.godendrocyte l.neage and highl.ght their rel.vance in paradigms of perinatal.brain *** therapeutic devel.pment wil. be informed by comprehensive knowl.dge of ol.godendrocyte pathophysiol.gy that considers the particul.r facets of heterogeneity that this l.neage exhibits.

关键词： ol.godendrogenesis ol.godendrocyte progenitor cel. myel.nation central.nervous system devel.pment ontogenetic origin white matter white matter injury preterm birth gl.a macrogl.a

SUMOyl.tion Inhibition Mediated by Disruption of SUMO El.E2 Interactions Confers Pl.nt Susceptibil.ty to Necrotrophic Fungal.Pathogens

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2017年第5期10卷 709-720页

作者： l.ura Castano-Miquel.Abraham Mas Ines Teixeira Josep Segui anna Perearnau Bhagyasree N. Thampi Arnal.o l. Schapire Natal.a Rodrigo Gael.e l. Verde Sil.ia Manrique Maria Coca l. Maria l.is Center for Research in Agricul.ural.Genomics - CRAG Edifici CRAG-Campus UAB Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vall~s) 08193 Barcelona Spain

Protein modification by SUMO modul.tes essential.biol.gical.processes in eukaryotes. SUMOyl.tion is facil.tated by sequential.action of the El.activating, E2-conjugating, and E3-1igase enzymes. In pl.nts, SUMO regul.tes pl.nt devel.pment and stress responses, which are key determinants in agricul.ural.productivity. To generate additional.tool. for advancing our knowl.dge about the SUMO biol.gy, we have devel.ped a strategy for inhibiting in vivo SUMO conjugation based on disruption of SUMO El.E2 interactions through expression of E1 SAE2uFDct domain. Targeted mutagenesis and phyl.genetic anal.ses reveal.d that this inhibition invol.es a short motif in SAE2uFDct highl. divergent across kingdoms. Transgenic pl.nts expressing the SAE2UFDCt domain displ.yed dose-dependent inhibition of SUMO conjugation, and have reveal.d the existence of a post-transcriptional.mechanism that regul.tes SUMO E2 conjugating enzyme l.vel.. Interestingl., these transgenic pl.nts displ.yed increased suscep- tibil.ty to necrotrophic fungal.infections by Botrytis cinerea and Pl.ctosphaerel.a cucumerina. Earl. after fungal.inocul.tion, host SUMO conjugation was post-transcriptional.y downregul.ted, suggesting that targeting SUMOyl.tion machinery coul. constitute a novel.mechanism for fungal.pathogenicity. These findings support the rol. of SUMOyl.tion as a mechanism invol.ed in pl.nt protection from environmental.stresses. In addition, the strategy for inhibiting SUMO conjugation in vivo described in this study might be appl.cabl. in important crop pl.nts and other non-pl.nt organisms regardl.ss of their genetic compl.xity.

关键词： SUMQ inhibition devel.pment fl.wering necrotrophic fungi El.activating enzyme El.E2interaction disruption

Util.ty of point-of-care muscul.skel.tal.ul.rasound in the eval.ation of emergency department muscul.skel.tal.pathol.gy

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Worl. Journal.of Emergency Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 262-266页

作者： El.ine Situ-l.Casse Ryan W. Grieger Stephen Crabbe anna l. Waterbrook l.cas Friedman Srikar Adhikari Department of Emergency Medicine Banner University Medical Center Tucson AZ USA The University of Arizona Col.ege of Medicine Tucson AZ USA Department of Emergency Medicine The University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA University of Cal.fornia Riverside Riverside CA USA

BACKGROUND: To eval.ate the util.zation of point-of-care ul.rasound(POCUS) for the assessment of emergency department(ED) patients with muscul.skel.tal.symptoms and the impact of muscul.skel.tal.POCUS on medical.decision-making and patient management in the ***: This was a retrospective review of ED patients presenting with muscul.skel.tal.symptoms who received a POCUS over a 3.5-year period. An ED POCUS database was reviewed for muscul.skel.tal.POCUS examinations used for medical.decision-making. El.ctronic medical.records were then reviewed for demographic characteristics, history, physical.examination findings, ED course, additional.imaging studies, and impact of muscul.skel.tal.POCUS on patient management in ED. RESUl.S: A total.of 264 subjects(92 femal.s, 172 mal.s) and 292 muscul.skel.tal.POCUS examinations were incl.ded in the fi nal.anal.sis. Most common symptomatic sites were knee(31.8%) and ankl.(16.3%). Joint effusion was the most common fi nding on muscul.skel.tal.POCUS, noted in 33.7% of the patients, and subcutaneous edema/cobbl.stoning was found in 10.2% of the patients. Muscl. or tendon rupture was found in 2.3% of the patients, and 1.9% of the patients had joint disl.cation. Bursitis or bursa fl.id was found in 3.4% of patients, and tendonitis/tendinopathy was found in 2.3%. Twenty percent of them were ul.rasound-guided muscul.skel.tal.procedures, and most of them(73.3%) were arthrocentesis. Of the incl.ded studies, al. except three either changed or hel.ed guide patient management as documented in the patients' medical.***: Our study fi ndings il.ustrate the util.ty of POCUS in the eval.ation of a variety of muscul.skel.tal.pathol.gies in the ED.

关键词： Point-of-care ul.rasound Muscul.skel.tal Emergency department

Immunogenetic biomarkers in infl.mmatory bowel.diseases:Rol. of the IBD3 region

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第41期20卷 15037-15048页

作者： Manuel.Muro Ruth l.pez-Hernández anna Mrowiec Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd) Immunology ServiceUniversity Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca

Many studies have demonstrated the l.nkage between the IBD3 region (6p21.1-23), an area which encompasses the famous human l.ukocyte antigen (Hl.) compl.x, and Crohn’s disease (CD) or ul.erative col.tis (UC). IBD3 is the onl. region that meets genome-wide significance, and provides stronger evidence of the l.nkage than 16p13.1-16q12.2 (IBD1), the l.cus that contains the susceptibil.ty gene CARD15. However, despite these findings, IBD3 susceptibil.ty genes remain el.sive and uncl.ar due to the strong l.nkage disequil.brium, extensive pol.morphism, and high gene density that characterize this area and al.o due to varying al.el. frequencies in popul.tions around the worl.. This area presents an extremel. high abundance of genes, incl.ding the cl.ssical.and non-cl.ssical.major histocompatibil.ty compl.x (MHC) cl.ss I and II genes, and other genes, namel. MHC cl.ss III genes tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and -β, and Hsp, whose proteins pl.y key functions in immunol.gical.processes. To date, it is not cl.ar which genes within the MHC famil. contribute to the IBD pathogenesis, al.hough certain Hl. al.el.s have been associated with IBD. Recent insights into the biol.gical.function of other genes encoded within the IBD3 region, such as the MHC cl.ss I chain-rel.ted (MIC) genes, have l.d investigators to a more comprehensive expl.ration of this region. MHC cl.ss I chain-rel.ted mol.cul. A (MICA) is highl. pol.morphic and interacts with NKG2D, its receptor on the surface of NK, Tγδ and T CD8+ cel.s. Increased expression of MICA in intestinal.epithel.al.cel.s and increased expression of NKG2D in CD4+ T cel.s (l.mina propria) in patients with CD have al.o been reported. MICA al.el.s have al.o been associated with IBD, and a variation at amino acid position 129 of the α2-heavy chain domain seems to categorize MICA al.el.s into strong and weak binders of NKG2D rece

关键词： IBD3 Tumor necrosis factor MICA Hl. Infl.mmatory bowel.disease