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Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae in Sri Lanka:Experience from the National Reference Laboratory

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第3期15卷 114-120页

作者： Lilani Karunanayake Veeraraghavan balaji K.D.N.Gunawardana Rosemol Varghese Vayishnavi Ariram Malka Dassanayake Vaithehi Rajeevan Francis Lakmini Yapa Chamika Herath Nambage Shirani Chandrasiri Priyanka Wimalagunawardhana K.Dhananja Namalie C.T.Hapuarachchi Department of Bacteriology Medical Research InstituteColomboSri Lanka Department of Microbiology Christian Medical CollegeVelloreIndia Lady Ridgeway Children’s Hospital ColomboSri Lanka Department of Pathophysiology Faculty of Healthcare SciencesEastern UniversitySri Lanka Teaching Hospital AnuradhapuraSri Lanka District General Hospital MoneragalaSri Lanka Colombo South Teaching Hospital KalubowilaSri Lanka District General Hospital PolonnaruwaSri Lanka North Colombo Teaching Hospital RagamaSri Lanka District General Hospital MannarSri Lanka

Objective:To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of Neisseria(N.)meningitidis and Streptococcus(S.)pneumoniae in Sri Lankan ***:We retrospectively analyzed 11 blood culture specimens from suspected patients with invasive meningococcal disease and 26 *** clinical *** tested 6 antimicrobials against *** and 12 antimicrobials against *** serogroup was determined by realtime PCR and Quellung serotyping was used for pneumococcal ***:*** serogroup B was the most common in this ***-susceptibility to penicillin was seen in 75.0%(6/8)of *** to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin and cotrimoxazole was 62.5%(5/8),62.5%(5/8)and 87.5%(7/8),*** susceptibility was seen in cefotaxime and *** ***,the most common serotype was 19F in both invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal *** majority of strains showed multidrug *** non-susceptibility in non-meningeal strains were 13.6%and all meningeal strains were penicillin *** was highly resistant in both *** showed excellent susceptibility in non-invasive pneumococcal diseases ***,levofloxacin and vancomycin showed 100.0%susceptibility in all pneumococcal ***:Implementation of vaccines should be considered,especially for children and high-risk *** may contribute to reducing pneumococcal and meningococcal invasive disease burden and help prevent emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains.

关键词： Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Sri Lanka Antimicrobial resistance Serotypes Invasive bacterial diseases

A Critical Comparison of Mildly Acidic versus Alkaline Zinc Batteries

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Accounts of Materials Research 2023年第4期4卷 299-306页

作者： Vinod Mathew Noah B.Schorr balaji Sambandam Timothy N.Lambert Jaekook Kim Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186South Korea Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87185United States

Aqueous rechargeable batteries are cost-effective,easy to fabricate,and safe,deliver high energy output,and employ stable water-based electrolytes compared to organicbased lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Aqueous Zn electrochemistry,specifically,has attracted researchers since the *** Zn is a nearly ideal anode owing to its low cost(ca.2 USD kg^(−1)),existing supply chain,environmental benignity,relative safety,and high stability in water[−0.76 V vs standard hydrogen electrode(SHE)],as compared to Li.^(1−3) The high theoretical capacity(2e−@820 mAh g^(−1))and low polarizability(6×10^(−8)Ωm)further motivate Zn-based battery development,especially for stationary storage.2,4 Alkaline Zn batteries(AZBs)and neutral/mildly acidic Znion batteries(MZIBs)are proposed as rivals to the established Pb-acid and LIBs owing to their competitive theoretical energy densities(∼200−400 Wh L^(−1)).The efficiency of these inexpensive and safe battery technologies is dependent on the cathode type,Zn anode formulation,separator materials,and the electrolyte type(liquid,gel,solid state)and *** AZBs and MZIBs have commonalities,including Zn dendrite formation at high capacity utilization and inherent low voltage(Zn battery<3 V

关键词： battery Zinc electrolyte

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly（Lactide）s Using Novel Solid Cloisite Modified Tin Catalyst

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2012年第1期6卷 54-60页

作者： balaji Sidram Selukar Asutosh Kumar Pandey Smita Sunil Nande Avinash Santram Bansode and Baijayantimala Gamaik Polymer Science and Engineering Division National Chemical Laboratory Pune 411008 India

A novel cloisite modified solid catalyst was prepared in a single step from commercially available starting materials for the first time. The ring opening polymerization of L-lactide and D-lactide using this cloisite modified solid catalyst resulted in homopolymers of 75,000 and PDI = 1.6 and the maximum molecular weight （Mw） i.e. 180,000 with PDI = 1.9 were obtained. The catalytic activity ofcloisite modified solid catalyst was compared with the conventional stannous octoate catalyst and found superior to stannous octoate in all respect such as conversion, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution etc.. Moreover, the maximum molecular weight i.e. 180,000 was obtained at 220 ℃, whereas, transesterification reaction predominate in presence of stannous octoate The linear structure was confirmed by quantitative ^13C NMR Spectroscopy. Blend films were obtained by casting mixed solutions of poly （D-lactide） and poly （L-lactide） at various compositions, and stereocomplex was formed at 50/50 composition with molecular weight of 75,000.

关键词： Solid cloisite modified tin catalyst stannous octoate ROP stereocomplex.

Antiobesity Activity of <i>Bauhinia purpurea</i>Extract: Effect on Hormones and Lipid Profile in High Calorie Diet Induced Obese Rats

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第11期5卷 861-873页

作者： Tiruttani Kuppireddy Padmaja Parim Brahma Naidu Ghali Eswara Naga Hanuma Kumar Saravanan Ganapathy Meriga balaji Department of Biochemistry Sri Venkateswara University Tirupati India Department of Biochemistry Center for Biological Sciences K.S.R. College of Arts & Sciences Tiruchengode India

Obesity is well recognized as a global public health concern and the quest continues to explore natural product-based novel therapeutics. Bauhinia purpurea finds its place in traditional medicine as an effective anti-ulcer, antiplatelet, wound healing and hypolipidemic agent. The present study investigated the effects of ethanolic extract of Bauhinia purpurea (EEB) on the changes in body weight, lean mass, fat free mass, fat percent, tissue and plasma lipid profiles, plasma glucose, insulin and insulin resistance as well as on the activity of amylase, lipase, leptin and adiponectin levels in high caloric diet (HCD) induced obese rats. After induction of obesity with HCD, rats were administered orally with EEB (100, 200 and 300 mg·kg-1 BW) or orlistat (5 mg·kg-1 BW) once daily for 42 days. HCD substantially increased the body weight, fat free mass, fat percent, glucose, insulin resistance, tissue and plasma lipid profiles (Except HDL), leptin and the activities of amylase and lipase. EEB at a dose of 300 mg·kg-1 BW exerted its therapeutic effects similar to orlistat in decreasing body weight, insulin resistance, levels of glucose, leptin, plasma and tissue lipids, lipase and amylase but increasing HDL and adiponectin in HCD fed obese rats, which could be due to bioactive factors present in EEB, as revealed by LC-MS analysis. These findings suggest that EEB administration suppresses high-caloric-diet-induced obesity and it can be developed as a potential candidate for the treatment of obesity and associated complications.

关键词： Obesity Leptin Fat Free Mass Dyslipidemia Inslin Resistance

Simulation of rice paddy systems in SWAT:A review of previous applications and proposed SWAT+rice paddy module

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 1-24页

作者： Philip W.Gassman Jaehak Jeong Julien Boulange balaji Narasimhan Tasuku Kato Hiroaki Somura Hirozumi Watanabe Sadao Eguchi Yuanlai Cui Atsushi Sakaguchi Le Hoang Tu Rui Jiang Min-Kyeong Kim Jeffrey G.Arnold Wei Ouyang Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011-1070USA Blackland Research&Extension Center Texas A&M AgriLifeTempleTexas 76502USA Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Sciences Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Faculty of EngineeringOkayama UniversityOkayama 700-8530Japan Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukuba 305-8604Japan State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Biological&Environmental Sciences Faculty of AgricultureYamaguchi UniversityYamaguchi 753-8515Japan Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of AgricultureCollege of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Rural Development Administration Jeonju54875Republic of Korea Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceTempleTexas 76502USA School of Environment State Key Laboratory of Water Environment SimulationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)is an ecohydrological watershed-scale model which was initially developed in the early 1990s to simulate the impacts of land use,management systems,and climate on hydrology and/or water *** adopted in the U.S.,the use of the model then spread to Europe and then later to Asia and other *** range of applications that SWAT has been applied to have also expanded dramatically,which influenced ongoing model development which has been virtually continuous over the past two decades.A key component of many SWAT applications in Asia is accounting for rice paddy production that is common in some subregions within the ***,most of these studies do not provide explicit details of how rice production was simulated in *** research has revealed that significant problems occur when trying to represent rice paddy systems in standard versions of SWAT,due to limitations in algorithms based on the runoff curve number approach or the pothole *** response,key modifications have been made to SWAT in recent studies that have resulted in more accurate representation of rice paddy *** developments point to the need for the incorporation of an enhanced rice paddy module within SWAT to better capture rice paddy hydrological and pollutant dynamics,which would support improved use of the model in Asia and other rice production *** related to simulating rice production in SWAT are discussed as follows:1)an overview of global rice production;2)history of SWAT development;3)typical approaches for simulating rice production;4)problems associated with the typical approaches;5)recent code modifications to address deficiencies in replicating rice paddy systems;6)recommendations for developing a standard rice paddy module for future SWAT codes.

关键词： SWAT rice paddies potholes hydrology pollutants modified SWAT models

深亚微米时代用于可编程逻辑器件设计的物理综合技术

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今日电子 2001年第4期 34-36页

作者： Jeff Garrison balaji Thirumalai Synplicity公司 Altera公司

随着系统复杂度的提高和产品进入市场时间的缩短,在传统的专用集成电路(ASIC)高成本和漫长的开发周期面前受到挫折的设计者,正在转向百万门级的可编程逻辑器件(PLD).越来越高的PLD复杂度和越来越低的开发成本,使得基于PLD的应用类型和... 详细信息

随着系统复杂度的提高和产品进入市场时间的缩短,在传统的专用集成电路(ASIC)高成本和漫长的开发周期面前受到挫折的设计者,正在转向百万门级的可编程逻辑器件(PLD).越来越高的PLD复杂度和越来越低的开发成本,使得基于PLD的应用类型和数量的急剧增加,从大批量生产的消费电子产品到网络和电信设备,无不如此.

关键词：可编程逻辑器件亚微米集成电路设计物理综合技术

Perioperative Management of Cleft Palate Repair in a Patient with Williams Syndrome: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2013年第1期3卷 57-60页

作者： balaji Asegaonkar Jiten J. Kulkarni Rajgopal J. Totla Pulkeshi Kulkarni Shilpa Asegaonkar Santosh Totla Consultant Anesthesiologist Aurangabad India Consultant Ophthalmologist Aurangabad India Department of Anesthesiology M. G. M. Medical College Aurangabad India Department of Biochemistry Goverment Medical College Aurangabad India Department of Plastic and Pediatric Surgery M. G. M. Medical College Aurangabad India

The Background: Williams syndrome is a neurodevelopmental multisystem genetic disorder characterized by dysmorphic features and a wide range of congenital cardiac, renal, musculoskeletal anomalies. Presence of cleft palate in these patients is an unusual condition. More than 22 cases of sudden cardiac death reported in literature especially during anesthetic management in the patients of Williams syndrome. So these patients present major perioperative challenges to anesthesiologist. The authors report successful anesthetic care for repair of cleft palate in presence of uncorrected patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and mild supraventricular aortic stenosis (SVAS) in a 3.5-year-old female child diagnosed with Williams syndrome. Case report: Diagnosed case of Williams syndrome with characteristic facial dysmorphic features, SVAS and rare malformation of PDA, was scheduled for cleft palate repair. After keen preoperative assessment, general anesthesia was administered for the procedure with continuous monitoring for vital parameters. Because of dysmorphic features, difficulty was faced during intubation. Otherwise intraoperative procedure was uneventful. Postoperative analgesia was managed with intravenous paracetamol. Conclusion: Being a multisystem disorder, each patient of WS requires meticulous preoperative evaluation and high level of intraoperative and postoperative continuous monitoring regardless of any surgical procedure. Surgical correction of cleft palate in such patients demands very high anesthetic and surgical skills as both share common airway. Present case report highlights the significance of aggressive perioperative management in WS which can result in successful outcome.

关键词： Williams Syndrome PDA SVAS Cleft Palate Repair Perioperative Management

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甲基磺酸在电镀相关金属精饰领域的应用

电镀与涂饰 2004年第5期23卷 40-45页

作者： R. balaji Malathy Pushpavanam 罗慧梅广州市二轻研究所广州510170

　近10年来甲基磺酸已广泛替代氟硼酸应用于电子设备表面锡焊电沉积领域,其它一些涉及铅的电化学工艺,如贝特工艺电解精炼铅等,目前多采用氟硅酸体系电解液。由于甲基磺酸(MSA)体系电解液在环保方面具有明显优势,越来越多以MSA替代现有... 详细信息

　近10年来甲基磺酸已广泛替代氟硼酸应用于电子设备表面锡焊电沉积领域,其它一些涉及铅的电化学工艺,如贝特工艺电解精炼铅等,目前多采用氟硅酸体系电解液。由于甲基磺酸(MSA)体系电解液在环保方面具有明显优势,越来越多以MSA替代现有电解液方面的研究。另外,市场上部分钢板镀锡工艺也转向采用甲基磺酸镀锡电解液。此外,在镀银、镀镍、镀铜、镀镉及镀锌等领域,MSA的应用市场也在不断发展。本文介绍了甲基磺酸的化学、物理特性,及其在金属精饰方面的应用和优势。

关键词：甲基磺酸金属镀覆废水处理环保电子

A Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Solifenacin, Tamsulosin and Tadalafil in Relieving Double-J Stent Related Symptoms

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第3期10卷 42-51页

作者： Appiya Ramamoorthy balaji Pritam Pritish Patnaik Javangula Venkata Surya Prakash Sattanathan Vetrichandar Krishnan Vembu Arasi Arun Kumar Paranjothi Vetrivel Natarajan Department of Urology & Renal Transplantation Government Stanley Medical College & Hospital Chennai India

Objective: To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of Solifenacin, Tamsulosin, and Tadalafil in treating ureteral stent related symptoms (SRS) in patients with indwelling Double-J ureteral stents. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 146 consecutive patients in the department of urology, Government Stanley Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India between Sept 2017-March 2019, with SRS after taking informed consent and confirming DJ Stent position by X-ray KUB post-operatively. Patients were randomized into 4 groups: Group A (Placebo), Group B (Solifenacin 5 mg), and Group B (Tamsulosin 0.4 mg) and group D (Tadalafil 5 mg) at end of 1st week till the removal of DJ stent at end of 3 weeks. All patients were assessed for bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using the validated Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) at 1st week and 3 weeks after the starting of medications. Appropriate statistical analysis as carried out and the level of significance was set at P Results: LUTS, general health, and work performance improved with Solifenacin, Tamsulosin and Tadalafil and all the three were comparable in relieving urinary symptoms. Tadalafil was better at relieving body pain, additional problems and sexual problems better than Tamsulosin. Tadalafil showed comparable improvement in LUTS, better sexual health and decreased body pain compared to solifenacin, whereas the latter had better general health, additional problems & work performance scores. Conclusion: Solifenacin is more effective than Tamsulosin in alleviating LUTS associated with SRS and both show a distinctive advantage over placebo. PDE inhibitor Tadalafil can also be tried for SRS and is as effective as antimuscarinics and α-blockers in relieving urinary symptoms and is more efficacious in relieving sexual symptoms and body pain.

关键词： Double J Stent Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) Stent Related Symptoms (SRS) Solifenacin Tadalafil Tamsulosin Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ)