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Incense smoke(IS)inhalation exposure system:Physicochemical characterization,IS particle deposition and clearance in human airway using MPPD model

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 271-285页

作者： vyas Kumar Hafsa Hashmi Anshita Nasreen Ghazi Ansari Jyotsna Singh Inhalation toxicology Facility Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow22001UPIndi Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcsSIR) Ghaziabad201002UPIndia Analytical Chemistry Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow226001UPIndia

Incense smoke(IS)is source of indoor air pollution and key risk for diverse human *** in-formation is available regarding controlled IS rodent inhalation exposure system and IS particulate matter(PM)deposition in human *** aimed to demonstrate stable ISPM physicochemical parameters of 10 incense products inside the customized whole body inhalation exposure chamber(without animal)connected to smoke generation unit via aerosol mixing *** analyzed for size segregated PM emission,ISPM in vitro aerodynamics(MMAD and GSD determination),fine and ultrafine particle's SEM,SEM-EDX and PAH *** real life exposure scenario by utilizing MMAD,GSD and PM concentration after tier 1 exposure assessment as key input parameters,ISPM dosimetry in infant(3 months)and adult(21 years male and female)human airways was calculated using multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD 3.04)*** median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD)and geo-metric standard deviation(GSD)ranged between 0.55 and 2.10μm and 1.22 to 1.77(polydisperse)***1.0 and PM0.1 showed multiple morphology and presence of heavy and trace *** like acenaphthylene,anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected(0.84-143.17μg/g).MPPD results showed higher ISPM deposition in pulmonary region and lowest in trachea bronchial *** deposition in tissue was higher in lower,peripheral lung as compared to upper and central lung *** body inhalation exposure system showed stable IS atmosphere(physi-cochemical parameters)indicating the device suitability in future inhalation *** ISPM deposition fraction and clearance data showed deep lung penetrating and retention behavior with higher risk in infant followed by female and then *** modeled particle deposition and clearance data may be useful in risk assessment analysis of IS.

关键词： Inhalation Incense smoke Multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD) Particle deposition Particulate matter(PM) Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) Human airway

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Optimization of variables and assessment of in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperlipidemic activity of Eudragit RS nanoparticles containing simvastatin

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 189-198页

作者： Bina Gidwani Vishal Jain Veenu Joshi Ravindra Kumar Pandey Shiv Shankar Shukla Amber vyas Columbia Institute of Pharmacy Raipur(C.G.)India University Institute of Pharmacy Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India Center for Basic Science and Research Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India

Simvastatin, a BCS class II drug, is associated with poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism and short half-life. In the present work, nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated. Optimization of formulation and process parameters was done through the use of independent and dependent variables. Preliminary studies were done to determine suitable range of the concentration of Eudragit polymer (10%–30%) and the ratio of drug to polymer (1:1 to 1:5) for the formation of nanoparticles by emulsification and a solvent evaporation technique. Results revealed that the mean size of nanoparticles was affected by stirring speed from 5000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 12000 RPM. the results of increase in association efficiency and percent yield with increase in amount of drug from 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg in selected range were observed. In-vitro release studies showed that two formulations possess highest initial burst and slow sustained drug release. there was 2.93-fold decrease in total cholesterol and 3.27-fold increases in triglyceride level during in-vivo study.

关键词： Simvastatin Eudragit RS 100 Nanoparticles Hyperlipidemia

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Multidimensional evaluation of salt tolerance in groundnut genotypes through biochemical responses

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 102-110页

作者： Rushita D.Parmar Vaishali G.Varsani Vijay Parmar Suhas vyas Dushyant Dudhagara Department of Life Sciences Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta UniversityJunagadhGujaratIndia

the manuscript explores the complex interplay between groundnut genotypes,salt tolerance and hormonal influence,shedding light on the dynamic responses of three specific groundnut genotypes,KDG-128,tG-37 A and GG-20,to salt treatments and gibberellic acid(GA3).the study encompasses germination,plant growth,total protein content and oil content as key *** comprehensive analysis,it identifies tG-37 A and KDG-128 as salt-tolerant genotypes,and GG-20 as salt-susceptible genotypes,which highlighting the potential for targeted breeding efforts to develop more resilient groundnut ***,the quantification of protein and oil content under different treatments provides vital data for optimizing nutritional profiles in groundnut *** Component Analysis(PCA) underscores the significance of the first principal component(PC1)in explaining the majority of variance,capturing primary trends and differences in plant *** of Variance(ANOVA) and hierarchical analysis confirm the presence of statistically significant differences in protein and oil content among the ***'s correlation coefficient matrix analysis reveals strong positive correlations between plant length and protein content,plant length and oil content,and a moderately positive correlation between protein content and oil *** findings provide valuable insights into groundnut physiology,salt tolerance,and nutritional composition,with implications for future research in sustainable agriculture and crop improvement.

关键词： Groundnut Salt tolerance Genotypes Salt-hormone interaction Protein and oil content Statistical analysis

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Impact of D-dimer on in-hospital mortality following aortic dissection:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第6期16卷 355-362页

作者： Sashwath Srikanth Shabnam Abrishami Lakshmi Subramanian Ashwini Mahadevaiah ank.t.vyas Akhil Jain Sangeetha Nathaniel Subramanian Gnanaguruparan Rupak Desai Department of Medicine ECU Health Medical CenterGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Research Independent Outcomes ResearchLos AngelesCA 90036United States Harvard t.H.Chan School of Public Health Harvard UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Department of Vascular Medicine Ochsner Clinic FoundationNew OrleansLA 70121United States Department of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77079United States Department of Cardiology Heart and Vascular ClinicNewarkDE 19713United States Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States

BACKGROUND the utility of D-dimer(DD)as a biomarker for acute aortic dissection(AD)is ***,its predictive value for in-hospital mortality remains uncertain and subject to conflicting *** to conduct a meta-analysis of AD-related in-hospital mortality(ADIM)with elevated DD *** We searched PubMed,Scopus,Embase,and Google Scholar for AD and ADIM literature through May *** was assessed using I2 statistics and effect size(hazard or odds ratio)analysis with random-effects *** size,study type,and patients’mean age were used for subgroup *** significance threshold was Pthirteen studies(3628 patients)were included in our *** pooled prevalence of ADIM was 20%(95%CI:15%-25%).Despite comparable demographic characteristics and comorbidities,elevated DD values were associated with higher ADIM risk(unadjusted effect size:1.94,95%CI:1.34-2.8;adjusted effect size:1.12,95%CI:1.05-1.19,Ptudies involving patients with a mean age ofted an increased mortality risk(effect size:1.43,95%CI:1.23-1.67,Pt difference was observed in studies with a mean age>60 *** and larger sample size studies(n>250)demonstrated a heightened likelihood of ADIM associated with elevated DD levels(effect size:2.57,95%CI:1.30-5.08,Pt size:1.05,95%CI:1.00-1.11,P=0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis shows elevated DD increases in-hospital mortality risk in AD patients,highlighting the need for larger,prospective studies to improve risk prediction models.

关键词： D-dimer Aortic dissection Mortality Biomarker Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Unveiling resveratrol’s potential:Navigating the landscape of autoimmune diseases

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Clinical traditional Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第3期5卷 87-95页

作者： Keshava Jetha Arya vyas Ashutosh tripathi Jeet Gandhi Vivek Chavda Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical technology L.M.College of PharmacyAhmedabad380009GujaratIndia Ph.D.Section Gujarat Technological UniversityAhmedabad382424GujaratIndia Ph.D.Section Kadi Sarva VishvavidyalayaGandhinagar382024GujaratIndia

Background:Autoimmune diseases pose a multifaceted challenge in the realm of medical science,warranting in-novative approaches for their ***,a naturally ccurring compound found in various dietary sources,has captured attention for its potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory ***-standing the interplay between autoimmune diseases and resveratrol is crucial for exploring novel therapeutic ***:this review aims to explore the intricate relationship between autoimmune diseases and *** seeks to provide insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of autoimmune diseases,emphasizing the necessity for innovative therapeutic ***,it aims to comprehensively discuss the pharmacological properties of resveratrol and its potential applications in managing autoimmune ***:A structured review approach was employed to organize the content into distinct *** literature searches were conducted to gather information on autoimmune diseases,the pharmacology of resvera-trol,and its effects on immune regulation,inflammation,and oxidative *** and clinical evidence regarding the efficacy of resveratrol in managing specific autoimmune diseases was critically ***:Resveratrol demonstrates immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects,which are rel-evant to autoimmune disease *** properties impact immune cell regulation,pro-inflammatory cytokines,inflammatory mediators,and oxidative stress,potentially ameliorating autoimmune *** studies present promising evidence for the efficacy of resveratrol in conditions such as rheumatoid arthri-tis,systemic lupus erythematosus,multiple sclerosis,and inflammatory bowel disease,albeit further research is necessary to determine its safety and optimal ***:the review underscores the promising potential of resveratrol in autoimmune disease *** targeting k

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Resveratrol Immunomodulation Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Clinical trials translational research

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Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： David A.t.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

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Preparation of microparticles and nanoparticles using membrane-assisted dispersion,micromixing,and evaporation processes

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 30-44页

作者： Goran t.Vladisavljevic Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershire LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties through various micromixing,emulsification,and evaporation *** emul-sification processes,the membrane pores are used for dispersed phase injection and size-controlled generation of droplets and droplet-templated *** micromixing processes,membrane is utilised as a micromixer for mixing two miscible liquids,usually solvent and antisolvent-rich solutions,which leads to the creation of supersaturation and subsequent nanoprecipitation or *** mem-brane evaporation processes,membrane is used to prevent phase dispersion while allowing efficient molecular diffusion of solvent and/or antisolvent vapour through gas-filled *** dispersion processes can be operated continuously by decoupling shear stress on the membrane surface from cross flow using tube insets,flow pulsations,swirling flow,membrane oscillations or membrane *** generation and solidification can be performed continuously in a single pass by connecting membrane module with a downstream *** dispersion processes can be used for pro-duction of nanoparticles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,ethosomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and metallic nanoparticles,and *** main advantages of membrane-assisted particle generation are in low energy consumption,controlled geometry and hydrodynamic conditions at the microscale level,flexible throughput due to modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes with various wall porosities,wetta-bilities,pore sizes,and pore morphologies to suit different applications.

关键词： Nanoparticles Microparticles Nanoemulsions Microemulsions Microporous membrane Crystallisation Flash nanoprecipitation Emulsification Zero liquid discharge

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Beta-lactam antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections in Vietnam:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 243-255,I0001-I0003页

作者： Dat t Nguyen Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada

Objective:to investigate the evolving patterns of antimicrobial resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics in Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infection patients in Vietnam,covering the period from 2005 to ***:29 Descriptive studies published between 2010 and 2022 in English and Vietnamese were included in the *** on resistance rates to beta-lactam antibiotics,including cephalosporins and carbapenems,were extracted and *** pooled resistance rates were calculated using random-effects *** trends in resistance were assessed using linear regression ***:Among the beta-lactam antibiotics studied,Escherichia coli exhibited varying levels of resistance,with cephalosporins showing higher resistance rates compared to *** pooled resistance rates were 66%for cefotaxime,65%for ceftriaxone,54%for ceftazidime,and 56%for *** contrast,carbapenems demonstrated lower resistance rates,with weighted pooled resistance rates ranging from 3%to 4%for meropenem,ertapenem,and *** rates were also observed for amoxicillin/clavulanate(35%),ticarcillin/clavulanate(26%),and piperacillin/tazobactam(12%).Significant annual increases in resistance were noted for imipenem(0.56%,Pthis study highlights the critical issue of antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections in Vietnam and emphasizes the importance of prudent antibiotic use and the regular monitoring of resistance *** insights are useful for guiding healthcare professionals in optimizing treatment strategies and for policymakers in formulating evidence-based clinical guidelines to combat antibiotic resistance effectively.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Urinary tract infection Vietnam

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A novel strategy for ionomer coating of Ag nanoparticles used for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in a membrane electrode assembly

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： Alexis t.Bell Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California

the electrochemical reduction of the CO2reaction （CO2RR） offers an attractive means for converting the carbon content of CO2, released from a stationary source or the atmosphere, into fuels and chemicals [1]. Utiliz...

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A deep neural network based surrogate model for damage identification in full-scale structures with incomplete noisy measurements

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 393-410页

作者： tram BUI-NGOC Duy-Khuong LY tam t tRUONG Chanachai tHONGCHOM t.NGUYEN-tHOI Laboratory for Computational Mechanics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Faculty of Mechanical-Electrical and Computer Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Faculty of Civil Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Department of Computer Science Aarhus UniversityAarhus 8000Denmark thammasat University research unit in structural and foundation engineering Department of Civil EngineeringThammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand Laboratory for Applied and Industrial Mathematics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam thammasat School of Engineering Thammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand

the paper introduces a novel approach for detecting structural damage in full-scale structures using surrogate models generated from incomplete modal data and deep neural networks(DNNs).A significant challenge in this field is the limited availability of measurement data for full-scale structures,which is addressed in this paper by generating data sets using a reduced finite element(FE)model constructed by SAP2000 software and the MAtLAB programming *** surrogate models are trained using response data obtained from the monitored structure through a limited number of measurement *** proposed approach involves training a single surrogate model that can quickly predict the location and severity of damage for all potential *** achieve the most generalized surrogate model,the study explores different types of layers and hyperparameters of the training algorithm and employs state-of-the-art techniques to avoid overfitting and to accelerate the training *** approach’s effectiveness,efficiency,and applicability are demonstrated by two numerical *** study also verifies the robustness of the proposed approach on data sets with sparse and noisy measured ***,the proposed approach is a promising alternative to traditional approaches that rely on FE model updating and optimization algorithms,which can be computationally *** approach also shows potential for broader applications in structural damage detection.

关键词： vibration-based damage detection deep neural network full-scale structures finite element model updating noisy incomplete modal data

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