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ANTIOXIDANT DEPLETION AND OIT VALUES OF HIGH ImPACT PP STRANDS

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2009年第3期27卷 435-445页

作者： Werner W.müller Ines Jakob Chunshan Li Renate Tatzky-Gerth Federal Institute for materials Research and Testing(BAm) D-12200 BerlinGermany

The service life of a polyolefin product depends to large extent on the type and amount of the antioxidants added. During the manufacturing,storage and use of the product the antioxidants are depleted by physical processes and chemical degradation,and this impairs its long-term *** initial and in-use oxidation stability is often characterized and monitored by the measurement of the oxidative induction time(OIT),and service life predictions are based on the rate of decrease of the OIT *** study the correlation between the OIT value and the actual antioxidant concentration,eight random arrays of high-impact polypropylene(PP)strands stabilized using six different antioxidant packages(composed of Irgafos 168,Irganox 1010 and 1330,Chimassorb 944)were immersed in hot water(80℃and 90℃)and oven aged in air (80℃)for more than two years,and the change of OIT values and antioxidant concentrations was *** phosphitic and phenolic stabilizers water immersion is generally a more critical aging condition than oven aging in air,while for the hindered amine stabilizers(HAS)the opposite was *** expected,a linear correlation between OIT values and concentrations was found for the'classical'package of phosphitic and phenolic *** the case of Irganox 1330,the change of the OIT values during aging was considerably slower than the change of *** when zero concentration was reached according to the vanishing peak height in the chromatogram,a considerable OIT value was still *** may be due to unidentified degradation products of Irganox 1330 which still act as antioxidants in the long *** of HAS(Chimassorb 944)seems to enhance the initial OIT of stabilized phenolic samples and the long-term effectiveness of the phenolic stabilization under air oven aging ***,the marked long-term effectiveness of the HAS itself and the slow change with time of the concentration were not detectable by OIT measurements

关键词： Polypropylene Stabilizers Oxidative resistance Antioxidant depletion Oxidative induction time

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Barriers and Facilitators in Interorganizational Disaster Response: Identifying Examples Across Europe

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第1期11卷 46-58页

作者： Claudia Berchtold maike Vollmer Philip Sendrowski Florian Neisser Larissa müller Sonja Grigoleit Department for Technology Analysis and Strategic Planning(TASP) Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis53879 EuskirchenGermany

Disaster response actors are facing new challenges, which encompass not only new and ever more complex threats but also the need to collaborate across organizational boundaries and even state *** on scale, these interactions have to work across governance setups, political and legal conditions, organizational cultures, as well as personal preferences and experiences that vary among actors, organizations, and countries. But which concrete measures are taken by crisis management actors at different scales to bridge these challenges and which of these could serve others as example to address comparable challenges in their contexts? This study made attempts to analyze whether certain solutions across organizations and states exist that facilitate effective interorganizational crisis management in the member states of the European Union(EU). It is based on selected expert interviews with representatives of different types of disaster response organizations(health services,police services, fire services, and other crisis management organizations) from seven EU member states(Germany,Netherlands, United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy, Austria, and Greece).

关键词： Disaster response European union Interorganizational crisis management Transboundary cooperation

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“When you’re down, stay down”:A lesson for all competitive alpine skiers supported by an ACL rupture measured in vivo

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 14-20页

作者： Jörg Spöorri Erich müller Josef Kröoll Sports medical Research Group Department of OrthopaedicsBalgrist University HospitalUniversity of ZurichZurich 8008Switzerland University Centre for Prevention and Sports medicine Department of OrthopaedicsBalgrist University HospitalUniversity of ZurichZurich 8008Switzerland Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgHallein-Ri 5400Austria

Background:During an experiment,a ski racer equipped with various measurement devices suffered an anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)rupture in his right *** aim of this study was to describe the underlying injury mechanism from a functional ***:Eight giant slalom turns(i.e.,4 left turns),followed by 1 left turn at which the ACL injury occurred,were recorded by 2 video cameras,electromyography of 4 relevant muscle groups,inertial measurement units to measure knee and hip angles,and pressure insoles to determine ground reaction ***:Due to a loss of balance,the ski racer began to slide sideways at the apex of a left *** sliding,his right(outside)leg was actively abducted upward without touching the *** ski racer then attempted to stand up again by dropping his leg back towards the snow *** end of this dropping was accompanied by a decrease in electromyographic activity in the knee stabilizing *** the inside edge of the outer ski caught the snow surface,a rapidly increasing peak force,knee flexion,and an aggressive sudden activation of the vastus medialis muscle were observed,while biceps femoris and rectus femoris further decreased their activation *** likely resulted in excessive anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur,causing damage to the ***:Our example emphasizes that ski racers should not get up until they stop ***:“When you’re down,stay down.”

关键词： Alpine skiing Athletes Injury mechanism Injury prevention Knee injuries

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CO_(2)capture costs of chemical looping combustion of biomass:A comparison of natural and synthetic oxygen carrier

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 296-310页

作者： Benjamin Fleiß Juraj Priscak martin Hammerschmid Josef Fuchs Stefan müller Hermann Hofbauer Institute of Chemical Environmental and Bioscience EngineeringTU WienVienna1060 ViennaAustria BEST–Bioenergy and Sustainable Technologies GmbH Graz8010 StyriaAustria

Chemical looping combustion has the potential to be an efficient and low-cost technology capable of contributing to the reduction of the atmospheric concentration of CO_(2) in order to reach the 1.5/2°C goal and mitigate climate *** this process,a metal oxide is used as oxygen carrier in a dual fluidized bed to generate clean CO_(2) via combustion of *** commonly,natural ores or synthetic materials are used as oxygen carrier whereas both must meet special requirements for the conversion of solid *** oxygen carriers are characterized by higher reactivity at the expense of higher costs versus the lower-cost natural *** determine the viability of both possibilities,a techno-economic comparison of a synthetic material based on manganese,iron,and copper to the natural ore ilmenite was *** synthetic oxygen carrier was characterized and tested in a pilot plant,where high combustion efficiencies up to 98.4%and carbon capture rates up to 98.5%were *** techno-economic assessment resulted in CO_(2) capture costs of 75 and 40€/tCO_(2) for the synthetic and natural ore route respectively,whereas a sensitivity analysis showed the high impact of production costs and attrition rates of the synthetic *** synthetic oxygen carrier could break even with the natural ore in case of lower production costs and attrition rates,which could be reached by adapting the production process and recycling *** comparison to state-of-the-art technologies,it is demonstrated that both routes are viable and the capture cost of CO_(2) could be reduced by implementing the chemical looping combustion technology.

关键词： Chemical looping combustion BECCS Techno-economic assessment CO_(2)capture costs Oxygen carrier development Synthetic materials Ilmenite

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Electrochemical inactivation of cyanobacteria and microcystin degradation using a boron-doped diamond anode-A potential tool for cyanobacterial bloom control

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 248-261页

作者： Andrej meglic anja Pecman Tinkara Rozina Domen Lestan Bojan Sedmak Arhel Ltd. Pustourhoua c.63SI-1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Centre for Soil and Environmental Sciences Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 101SI-1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Envit Ltd. Vojkova c.63SI-1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology National Institute of BiologyVecna pot 111SI-1000 LjubljanaSlovenia

Cyanobacterial blooms are global phenomena that can occur in calm and nutrient-rich （eutrophic） fresh and marine waters. Human exposure to cyanobacteria and their biologically active products is possible during water sports and various water activities, or by ingestion of contaminated water. Although the vast majority of harmful cyanobacterial products are confined to the interior of the cells, these are eventually released into the surrounding water following natural or artificially induced cell death. Electrochemical oxidation has been used here to damage cyanobacteria to halt their proliferation, and for microcystin degradation under in-vitro conditions. Partially spent Jaworski growth medium with no addition of supporting electrolytes was used. Electrochemical treatment resulted in the cyanobacterial loss of cell-buoyancy regulation, cell proliferation arrest, and eventual cell death. microcystin degradation was studied separately in two basic modes of treatment： batch-wise flow, and constant flow, for electrolytic-cell exposure. Batch-wise exposure simulates treatment under environmental conditions, while constant flow is more appropriate for the study of boron-doped diamond electrode efficacy under laboratory conditions. The effectiveness of microcystin degradation was established using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector analysis, while the biological activities of the products were estimated using a colorimetric protein phosphatase-1 inhibition assay. The results indicate potential for the application of electro-oxidation methods for the control of bloom events by taking advantage of specific intrinsic ecological characteristics of bloom-forming cyanobacteria. The applicability of the use of boron-doped diamond electrodes in remediation of water exposed to cyanobacteria bloom events is discussed.

关键词： Cyanobacterial bloom controlBoron-doped diamond anodeElectro-oxidationmicrocystin degradationProtein phosphatase-1 inhibitionWater remediation

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Psychosocial factors affecting the etiology and management of type 1 diabetes mellitus:A narrative review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1518-1529页

作者： anja Turin maja DrobničRadobuljac Department for Child Psychiatry University Children’s HospitalUniversity Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Department of Psychiatry Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents *** etiopathogenesis results from the interplay of genetic and environmental *** the latter,psychological stress has been implicated in disease onset as well as disease *** studies,including large population-based studies,have highlighted the role of stressful life events in the etiopathogenesis of *** this article,we also emphasize the importance of attachment in the early child-caregiver relationship,which can be seen as a measure of the quality of the relationship and is crucial for stress and emotional *** serves as a model for all subsequent relationships in one’s *** summarize some of the few studies performed in the field of attachment and T1D etiopathogenesis or management.T1D management demands a lifelong therapeutic regimen to prevent acute and chronic *** addition to psychological stress,psychological factors such as family functioning,developmental adjustment,autonomy,mental health problems and other factors have been found to relate to metabolic *** factors need to be understood not as a single directional causality-based principle but as a dynamic bi-or multidirectional system that is affected by the normal developmental transitions of childhood and adolescence.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Psychosocial factors Stressful life events Etiology Disease management Attachment

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A novel method of quantifying the coating progress in a three-dimensional prismatic spouted bed

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 137-145页

作者： Swantje Pietscha Finn Ole Poppinga Stefan Heinrich michael müller michael Schonherr Frank Kleine Jager Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyDenickestraβe 1521073 HamburgGermany BASF SE RCP/TT67056 LudwigshafenGermany

An optical method of experimentally quantifying the coating progress in a laboratory prismatic spouted bed is presented. microcrystalline cellulose particles with size dp = 0.57 mm are used as core material. Waterborne coating suspensions with methylene blue as a dye are used and sprayed via a two-fluid nozzle in bottom-spray configuration. A high-speed camera with a color filter is positioned in front of the observation window of the three-dimensional plant and records the flow pattern in the process chamber with a certain frequency. With increasing surface coverage, the particles become bluer and darker. The change in brightness is detected by digital image analysis. In the implemented algorithm, the spherical particles are detected, cut from the background and normalized regarding their lighting and area. The detection of coated pixels on the single particles allows the calculation of the coating fraction and coating uniformity after a Kalman filter has been applied to reduce noise. It is shown that the method can be used to determine the time needed to reach the maximum blue value indicating a complete coating of the particle bed. Besides the minimum coating duration, information on the spraying performance (e.g., the time point of a possibly occurring blockage of the nozzle) can be obtained from the data. Two exemplary experiments are presented, showing a connection of the slope of the coating fraction and the uniformity of the coating of the particles in the apparatus that results in the recommendation of a slow liquid injection for obtaining consistent coating layers as desired in many applications.

关键词： Spouted bed Particle coating Granulation Digital image analysis

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A critical review on natural compounds interacting with the plant plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPase and their potential as biologicals in agriculture

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第2期64卷 268-286页

作者： Nanna W.Havshφi anja T.Fuglsang Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Section for Transport BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergCopenhagenDK-1871 Denmark

The plant plasma membrane(Pm)H^(+)-ATPase is an essential enzyme controlling plant growth and *** is an important factor in response to abiotic and biotic stresses and is subject to tight *** are in demand for new sustainable natural growth regulators and as a key enzyme for regulation of transport into the plant cell the Pm H^(+)-ATPase is a potential target for *** this review,we have evaluated the known non-protein natural compounds with regulatory effects on the Pm H^(+)-ATPase,focusing on their mechanism of action and their potential as biologicals/growth regulators in plant production of future sustainable agriculture.

关键词： biologicals cyclic-lipodepsipeptides H^(+)-ATPase H+pump natural compounds phosphatidylinositol plasma membrane pore forming compound tenuazonic acid

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Investigation of the anomaly in η-photoproduction off the neutron

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1345-1348页

作者： D. Werthmüller Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 CH-4056 Basel Switzerland

Quasi-free photoproduction of wmesons off the neutron and off the proton has been studied using a deuterium target and bremsstrahlung photons produced by mAmI-C with incident energies up to 1.5 GeV. The wmesons were detected in coincidence with the recoil nucleons thus a fully exclusive measurement was performed. Preliminary results show a bump-like structure in the excitation function for the neutron close to W ≈ 1675 meV which is not seen for the proton. Considering the experimental resolution and using a Breit-Wigner fit the width of this structure was approximated below 50 meV.

关键词： photoproduction eta-meson narrow nucleon resonance

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Predicting maximum Lifespan Limits at mean menopausal Age

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Journal of mathematical Research with Applications 2025年第1期 133-142页

作者： m.SUmATHI S.ANTONY CARLA Department of mathematics N.M.S.S.Vellaichamy Nadar College Research Scholar (Part-time) Madurai Kamaraj University

The age at which a woman enters natural menopause has also been associated to death from any cause. menopause is a natural component of aging that happens between the ages of 45 and 55, with the average menopausal age being 51. Previous research has revealed the age at which women reach menopause, but there is no evidence to support the link between menopause and longevity. We made a study in assessing the limits of maximum lifespan at menopausal age in our previous article. In this paper, we aim to predict the maximum lifespan of women at mean menopausal age.

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