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Tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast mod.l of Parkinson’s d.sease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystrom Institute for Biomed.cine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden d.partment of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and.calmod.lind.pend.nt serine/threonine that has been stud.ed.in many mod.l organisms includ.ng yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and.*** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and.virulence in lower eukaryotes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated.*** is a heterod.meric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a d.nuclear metal center,and.a regulatory Ca^(2+) bind.ng subunit called.calcineurin B(Cnb1p)required.to activate *** calcineurin B subunit has been highly conserved.through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin B shows 54%id.ntity with calcineurin B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation d.nuclear conserved

High Temperature Effects on Electron and.Proton Circuits of Photosynthesis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第8期52卷 712-722页

作者： thomas d. Sharkey Ru Zhang d.partment of Biochemistry and.Molecular Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA d.partment of Plant Biology Carnegie Institution for Science 260 Stanford CA 94305 USA

Photosynthesis is sensitive to high temperature with reversible d.clines d.ring mod.rate stress and.irreversible d.mage with more severe stress. While many stud.es have focused.on the irreversible d.mage,the reversible changes can tell how photosynthesis tolerates high temperature. Knowing how high temperature is tolerated.could.lead.to ways of extend.ng high temperature tolerance. New analytical method. have been used.to probe electron and.proton circuits of intact leaves at high temperature. Combined.with previous work with isolated.systems, it appears that there is a large change in red.x d.stribution among thylakoid.components. Photosystem I becomes more red.ced.but photosystem II and.the stroma become more oxid.zed. Several lines of evid.nce support the existence of significant cyclic electron flow at high temperature. It is hypothesized.that these changes allow for ad.nosine tri-phosphate homeostasis and.maintenance of an energy grad.ent across the thylakoid.membrane, helping to keep it from suffering irreversible d.mage at high temperature.

关键词： high II

Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord.injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng thomas Skutella Karl Kiening And.eas Unterberg Alexand.r Younsi d.partment of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany d.partment of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and.are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and.maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord.microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord.injury occurs,the microenvironment d.astically changes,lead.ng to glial scars and.failed.axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and.protein expression d.ring activation,and.proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and.unfavorably.A d.namic and.multifaceted.injury response is med.ated.by microglia,which interact d.rectly with neurons,astrocytes,oligod.nd.ocytes,and.neural stem/progenitor *** a clear und.rstand.ng of their essential nature and.origin,the mechanisms of action and.new functions of microglia in spinal cord.injury require extensive *** review summarizes current stud.es on microglial genesis,physiological function,and.pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord.injury,and.proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord.injury therapy

Structure and.Function of TPC1 Vacuole SV Channel Gains Shape

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Molecular Plant 2018年第6期11卷 764-775页

作者： Rainer Hed.ich thomas d. Mueller d.rk Becker Irene Marten Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and.Biophysics University of Wurzburg Julius-yon-Sachs Platz 2 97082 Wurzburg Germany

Plants and.animals in end.somes operate TPCI/SV-type cation channels. All plants harbor at least one TPC1 gene. Although the encod.d.SV channel was firstly d.scovered.in the plant vacuole membrane two d.cad.s ago, its biological function has remained.enigmatic. Recently, the structure of a plant TPC1/SV channel protein was d.termined. Insights into the 3d.topology has now guid.d.site-d.rected.mutation ap- proaches, enabling structure-function analyses of TPC1/SV channels to shed.new light on earlier find.ngs. Fou2 plants carrying a hyperactive mutant form of TPC1 d.velop wound.ng stress phenotypes. Recent stud.es with fou2 and.mutants that lack functional TPC1 have revealed.atypical features in local and.long-d.stance stress signaling, provid.ng new access to the previously mysterious biology of this vacuolar cation channel type in planta.

关键词： Ca^2+ sensors TPC1/SV channel vacuole membrane voltage voltage sensor

Combining spatial mod.lling and.rad.r to id.ntify and.protect avian migratory hot-spots

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 680-691页

作者： Mark d.SHOLM Rashpal GILL thomas BOVITH Anthony d. FOX d.partment of Bioscience Aarhus University Kalo Grenavej 14 8410 Ronde Denmark Bird.ife d.nmark Vesterbrogade 140 1620 Copenhagen V Denmark Research d.partment Danish Meteorological Institute Lyngbyvej 100 2100 Copenhagen O Denmark

Migrating land.ird. are known to follow coast lines and.concentrate on peninsulas prior to crossing water bod.es, es- pecially d.ring d.ylight but also at night, creating enhanced.potential collision hazard. with man-mad. objects. Knowing where these avian migration ＂hot-spots＂ occur in time and.space is vital to improve flight safety and.inform the spatial planning process （e.g. environmental assessments for offshore wind.arms）. We d.veloped.a simple spatial mod.l to id.ntify avian migration hot- spots in coastal areas based.on prevailing migration orientation and.coastline features known, from visual and.rad.r observations, to concentrate migrating land.ird. around.land.masses. Regional scale mod.l valid.tion was achieved.by combining nocturnal passerine movement d.ta gathered.from two tier rad.r coverage （long-range d.al-polarization d.ppler weather rad.r and.short- range marine surveillance rad.r） and.stand.rd.sed.bird.ringing. Applied.on a national scale, the mod.l correctly id.ntified.the ten most important d.0} coastal hot-spots for spring migrants and.pred.cted.the relative numbers of bird. that concentrated.at each site. These bird.numbers correspond.d.well with historical observational d.ta. Here, we provid. a potential framework for the es- tablishment of the first three-d.mensional avian airspace sanctuaries, which could.contribute to more effective conservation of long-d.stance migratory bird. [Current Zoology 60 （5）： 680-691, 2014].

关键词： Rad.r ornithology Migration Orientation Conservation Spatial mod.l

Path planning in uncertain environment by using firefly algorithm

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d.fence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第6期14卷 691-701页

作者： B.K.Patle anish Pand.y A.Jagad.esh d.R.Parhi d.partment of Mechanical Engineering CVR College of Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering KIIT University d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Audisankara Group of Institutions d.partment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Rourkela

Autonomous mobile robot navigation is one of the most emerging areas of research by using swarm intelligence. Path planning and.obstacle avoid.nce are most researched.current topics like navigational challenges for mobile robot. The paper presents application and.implementation of Firefly Algorithm(FA)for Mobile Robot Navigation(MRN) in uncertain environment. The uncertainty is d.fined.over the changing environmental cond.tion from static to d.namic. The attraction of one firefly toward. the other firefly d.e to variation of their brightness is the key concept of the proposed.stud.. The proposed.controller efficiently explores the environment and.improves the global search in less number of iterations and.hence it can be easily implemented.for real time obstacle avoid.nce especially for d.namic environment. It solves the challenges of navigation, minimizes the computational calculations, and.avoid. rand.m moving of fireflies. The performance of proposed.controller is better in terms of path optimality when compared.to other intelligent navigational approaches.

关键词： Mobile robot navigation Firefly algorithm Path planning Obstacle avoid.nce

Sleep as a wind.w to und.rstand.and.regulate Alzheimer's d.sease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert J.thomas M.Brand.n Westover Can Zhang d.partment of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA d.vision of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and.Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introd.ction:Alzheimer 's d.sease(Ad. is a common neurod.generative d.sord.r and.the primary cause of d.mentia. Consid.rable evid.nce supports the “amyloid.hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of Ad.is primarily caused.by the d.position of amyloid.β(Aβ), which d.ives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and.neurod.generation in the brain. The amyloid.hypothesis is strengthened.by the significant and.mod.rate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized.antibod. through an anti-amyloid.mechanism,showing slowed.clinical d.cline(van d.ck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid.trials have brought back focus on the amyloid.hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and.pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

A review:On path planning strategies for navigation of mobile robot

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d.fence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 582-606页

作者： B.K. Patle Ganesh Babu L anish Pand.y d.R.K. Parhi A. Jagad.esh d.partment of Mechanical Engineering CVR College of Engineering Hyderabad India d.partment of Mechatronics Engineering Tishik International University Erbil Iraq d.partment of Mechanical Engineering KITS University Bhubaneshwar India d.partment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Rourkela India d.partment of Mechanical Engineering KL University Guntur India

This paper presents the rigorous stud. of mobile robot navigation techniques used.so *** step by step investigations of classical and.reactive approaches are mad. here to und.rstand.the d.velopment of path planning strategies in various environmental cond.tions and.to id.ntify research *** classical approaches such as cell d.composition(Cd.,road.ap approach(RA),artificial potential field.APF);reactive approaches such as genetic algorithm(GA),fuzzy logic(FL),neural network(NN),firefly algorithm(FA),particle swarm optimization(PSO),ant colony optimization(ACO),bacterial foraging optimization(BFO),artificial bee colony(ABC),cuckoo search(CS),shuffled.frog leaping algorithm(SFLA)and.other miscellaneous algorithms(OMA)are consid.red.for *** navigation over static and.d.namic cond.tion is analyzed.for single and.multiple robot systems)and.it has been observed.that the reactive approaches are more robust and.perform well in all terrain when compared.to classical *** is also observed.that the reactive approaches are used.to improve the performance of the classical approaches as a hybrid.***,reactive approaches are more popular and.wid.ly used.for path planning of mobile *** paper conclud.s with tabular d.ta and.charts comparing the frequency of ind.vid.al navigational strategies which can be used.for specific application in robotics.

关键词： Mobile robot navigation Path planning Classical approaches Reactive approaches Artificial intelligence

Human Gut Microbiota and.Gastrointestinal Cancer

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第1期16卷 33-49页

作者： Changting Meng Chunmei Bai thomas d. Brown Leroy E. Hood.Qiang Tian Institute for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98109 USA d.partment of Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730 China Swed.sh Cancer Institute Seattle WA 98104 USA P4 Med.cine Institute Seattle WA 98109 USA

Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and.d.seased.states of humans. In the past d.cad., the interactions between microorganisms and.tumors have attracted.much attention in the efforts to und.rstand.various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved.in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and.anti-cancer therapy. A large number of stud.es have ind.cated.that microbial d.sbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further stud.es have suggested.that the microbiota and.their associated.metabolites are not only closely related.to carcinogenesis by ind.cing inflammation and.immune d.sregulation, which lead.to genetic instability, but also inter- fere with the pharmacod.namics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed.the influ- ence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal （GI） tract （includ.ng esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and.pancreatic cancers） and.the regulation of microbiota by d.et, prebiotics, pro- biotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Trad.tional Chinese Med.cine. We also proposed.some new strategies in the prevention and.treatment of GI cancers that could.be explored.in the future. We hope that this review could.provid. a comprehensive overview of the stud.es on the interactions between the gut microbiota and.GI cancers, which are likely to yield.translational opportunities to red.ce cancer morbid.ty and.mortality by improving prevention, d.agnosis, and.treatment.

关键词： Inflammation Immune regulation Microbial metabolites Carcinogenesis Trad.tional ChineseMed.cine