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Cu（OTf）2 Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis（5-methyl-2-furyl）methanes by Condensation of 2-Methylfuran with Carbonyl Compounds under Solvent Free Conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第7期29卷 1483-1488页

作者： Muthyala, Manoj kumar Rao, V. Kameswara kumar, anil Department of Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani 333 031 India

A facile and efficient one-pot three-component synthesis of bis（5-methyl-2-furyl）methanes has been achieved via the reaction of 2-methylfuran with a series of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and aliphatic ketones in presence of copper（II） triflate under solvent free conditions. The bis（5-methyl-2-furyl）methanes were obtained in 34%--72% yields and the catalyst was recycled up to four successive cycles without much loss in catalytic activity.

关键词： Lewis acid copper(II) triflate 2-methylfuran bis(5-methyl-2-furyl)methane multicomponent condensation solvent free condition

Evaluation of corrosion resistance, mechanical integrity loss and biocompatibility of PCL/HA/TiO_(2) hybrid coated biodegradable ZM21 Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第11期10卷 3179-3204页

作者： Navdeep Singh Uma Batra Kamal kumar anil Mahapatro Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh 160012India Department of Mechanical Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh 160012India Department of Biomedical Engineering Wichita State UniversityWichitaKS 67260United States

A novel PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coating on ZM21 Mg alloy substrate has been investigated for corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and mechanical integrity loss in terms of bending, compressive and tensile strength in physiological media. The prepared hybrid coating was dip coated over ZM21 from HA/TiO_(2)and PCL solutions followed by creating a microporous PCL layer by utilizing Non-solvent Induced Phase Separation(NIPS) technique. The electrochemical measurement and in-vitro degradation study in SBF after 28 days showed that the PCL/HA/TiO_(2) hybrid coating reduced H2 evolution rate, weight loss, and corrosion rate by 64, 116 and 118 times respectively, as compared to uncoated ZM21 samples. The surface studies carried out using SEM-EDX, FTIR and XRD revealed formation of highly stable 3d flower-like HA crystals with Ca/P ratio of 1.60 in the PCL micropores. This dense apatite growth effectively protected the PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coated samples to maintain the good mechanical integrity even after 28 days of immersion as compared to HA/TiO_(2)composite coated, As-polished(A/P) and As-machined(A/M) samples. The failure analysis of samples under mechanical loading were performed using *** in-vitro cellular viability of L929 fibroblast cells on PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coating was found 50.47% higher with respect to control group,whereas bacterial viability was supressed by 57.15 and 62.35% against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli bacterial models. The comprehensive assessment indicates PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coating as a suitable candidate to delay early degradation and mechanical integrity loss of Mg-based alloys for devising biodegradable orthopaedic implant.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Surface modification Hybrid coating Mechanical integrity loss Degradation rate Biocompatibility

Synthesis and Characterization of CdO–SnO_2 Nanocomposites Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2018年第3期31卷 254-262页

作者： Kapil Sirohi Suresh kumar Virender Singh anil Vohra Department of Electronic Science Kurukshetra University

In this work,（1-x）CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites（≤0.15）have been synthesized via hydrothermal *** structural study reveals that CdO nanostructures possess crystalline phase and cubic *** CdO-SnO2 nanocomposites possess both cubic and orthorhombic structure with good *** crystallite size in the nanocomposites was found to be in the range of 9.6-19.6 *** emission scanning electronic microscopy and high-resolution tunnelling microscopy analysis confirm the presence of both cubic and orthorhombic structures which is also confirmed from X-ray diffraction *** transform infrared spectroscopy（FFIR）studies confirm that CdO-SnO2 nanocomposites possess the characteristics band of both CdO and SnO2 *** UV-visible absorption studies confirm that the optical absorption band in CdO-SnO2 nanocomposites possesses both blue and red shift as compared to that of CdO *** spectroscopy studies reveal the appearance of strong emission peak at 513,469 and 369 nm corresponding to green,blue and violet emission spectrum,respectively,in CdO-SnO2 *** FTIR studies confirm the presence of hydroxyl and water functional group due to atmospheric water vapours and chemical bonding in CdO and CdO-SnO2 *** spectroscopy confirms the presence of Raman bands of both CdO and SnO2 phases in the CdO-SnO2 nanocomposites.

关键词： Hydrothermal Nanocomposite CdO-SnO2 XRD FESEM HRTEM Optical properties

Investigating TiO_(2)-HA-PCL hybrid coating as an efficient corrosion resistant barrier of ZM21 Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第2期9卷 627-646页

Surface modification for improving corrosion resistance of Mg alloys is highly demanded for degradable orthopedic and cardiovascular *** research reports the design and development of TiO_(2)–HA composite and novel TiO_(2)–HA–PCL hybrid coating belonging to the unique class of inorganic organic hybrid with striking features that are explored for the first time in the corrosion resistance of Mg ***–gel dip coating combined with non-solvent induced phase separation is used to create the hybrid ***_(2)–HA–PCL hybrid coating introduces strong hydrogen bonding between TiO_(2)–HA inorganic matrix and PCL organic layer in addition to the Vander wall electrostatic interaction of the later with the Mg substrate which in turn enhance adhesion strength to about 1.5 times of TiO_(2)–HA *** corrosion potentials for TiO_(2)–HA–PCL and TiO_(2)–HA were found to be-0.407 V and-1.017 V(vs Ag/Ag Cl),*** current densities of TiO_(2)–HA–PCL and TiO_(2)–HA were found to be 7.31×10^(-8)A/cm^(2)and 4.03×10^(-4)A/cm^(2)*** corrosion resistance of coatings was confirmed by immersion testing by weight loss,pH changes and H_(2)evolution measurements at interval of 7 days till 28 *** present TiO_(2)–HA–PCL coating in comparison to TiO_(2)–HA coating demonstrate nearly 6%less weight *** outcome of the present work was compared with the similar coatings in recent *** work done ingresses enhancing the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys,which fulfill the dreams of future degradable orthopedic and cardiovascular devices.

关键词： Corrosion resistance TiO_(2)-HA-PCL Contact angle Adhesion strength

Chaos detection in SIR model with modified Beddington–De Angelis type incidence rate and saturated treatment

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2021年第6期12卷 56-74页

作者： Shikha jain Sachin kumar Department of Mathematics University of Delhi Delhi 110007India

In this paper, we construct an SIR epidemic model with a modified Beddington–DeAngelis type incidence rate and saturated treatment rate. We modify the incidence rateto incorporate the isolation of infected individuals after detection, and separation of somesusceptible individuals from the rest to avoid the infection, without an increase in thenumber of classes. We find that the system has a unique disease-free equilibrium (DFE)which is locally asymptotically stable when the reproduction number is less than *** multiple endemic equilibria may exist irrespective of the basic reproduction *** existence of bistability is encountered. Supercritical transcritical (forward), as wellas subcritical transcritical (backward) bifurcation, may occur at R0 = 1 where contactrate, β = β∗ acts as the bifurcation parameter. Therefore, DFE need not be globallystable. The conditions for the existence of Andronov–Hopf bifurcation are deduced withmaximum treatment capacity, c = c0 as the bifurcation parameter. The impacts of isolation of confirmed infected cases and separation of some susceptible from rest are studiednumerically as well as the effect of saturation in treatment. The existence of chaoticbehavior is deduced by showing the maximum Lyapunov exponent to be positive as wellas the sensitivity to initial conditions. The computation of the Kalpan–Yorke dimensionto be fractional confirms the existence of fractal-type strange attractor. The positiveKolmogorov–Sinai entropy further strengthens the claim of the existence of chaos.

关键词： Beddington–De Angelis type incidence rate saturated treatment stability bifurcation Lyapunov exponent chaos

Rice Bran Oil: Emerging Trends in Extraction, Health Benefit, and Its Industrial Application

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 217-232页

作者： Sneh PUNIA Manoj kumar anil kumar SIROHA Sukhvinder Singh PUREWAL Department of Food Science Chaudhary Devi Lal UniversitySirsaHaryana 125055India Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton TechnologyMumbai 400019India Department of Food Science and Technology Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical UniversityBathinda 151001India

Rice bran oil(RBO)is unique among edible vegetable oils because of its unique fatty acid composition,phenolic compound(γ-oryzanol,ferulic acid)and vitamin E(tocopherol and tocotrienol).It has become a great choice of cooking oil because of its very high burning point,neutral taste and delicate ***-conventional methods of RBO extraction are more efficient and environmentally friendly than conventional extraction *** in RBO extraction using innovative extraction strategies like super/sub-critical CO_(2),microwave-assisted,subcritical H_(2)O,enzyme-assisted aqueous and ultrasoundassisted aqueous extraction methods have proven to significantly improve the yields along with improved nutritional profile of *** compositions and strategies for stabilization of RBO are well *** constituents are present in the RBO contribute to antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antidiabetic and anti-cancerous properties to *** has helped RBO to become an important substrate for the application in food(cooking oil,milk product and meat product)and non-food industries(polymer,lubricant,biofuel,structural lipid and cosmetic).This review provided comprehensive information on RBO extraction methods,oil stabilization,existing applications and health benefits.

关键词： rice bran oil extraction functionalization stabilization food/non-food application fatty acid

Phosphate uptake and translocation in a tropical Canna-based constructed wetland

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 122-128页

作者： anil kumar Haritash Sarbari Dutta Ashish Sharma Department of Environmental Engineering Delhi Technological UniversityBawana RoadShahbad DaulatpurDelhi 110042India

Introduction:Considering the problem of eutrophication of the water bodies,phosphate removal from water has emerged as a research of topical *** present study aims to investigate the efficacy of Canna lily-based constructed wetland to remove phosphate from *** translocation of phosphate in plant tissue and its biochemical transformation in sediments is also studied to understand its accumulation and recirculation within the ***:The removal of phosphate stabilized at around 50%in the present study and plant uptake was found to be the major removal *** removal was 167 mg/m2 day for total phosphate and 84 mg/m2 day for available phosphate for an initial loading rate of 200 mg/m2 day and 85 mg/m2 day,respectively,at a HRT of 24 *** of the phosphate concentrated in above ground tissue of plant and its relative accumulation was maximum in *** of phosphate in sediments confirmed removal by sediments with an accumulation of apatite phosphate(Ca and Mg bound),but release of non-apatite form(Fe and Al bound).Conclusion:The study concludes that Canna-based constructed wetland can be an effective tool for phosphate removal from wastewater and sediments particularly under tropical *** harvesting of above ground tissue of Canna can result in nutrient export from the system,whereas autochthonous addition may result in recirculation.

关键词： Phosphate removal Canna lily Wetland Sediments Wastewater

Grain refinement of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C master alloy on pure Al and Al-9.8Si-3.4Cu alloy

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China Foundry 2018年第4期15卷 314-319页

作者： chinna apparao kummari anil kumar birru Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyManipur 795004India

The refinement potential of AI-3.5FeNb-I.5C master alloy on pure aluminium and AI-9.8Si-3.4Cu alloy has been investigated. Different amounts of AI-3.5FeNb-I.5C master alloy were added to estimate the optimal addition level. It was found that the addition of AI-3.5FeNb-I.5C grain refiner can promote significantly the refinement of grains in the pure aluminium, particularly at 0.1wt.%, with the mean primary aluminium a-grain size reducing to 187＋3 IJm from about 1-3 mm. Similarly, the microstructural study of the AI-9.8Si-3.4Cu alloy die casting at different weight percentages （viz. 0.0wt.%, 0.1wt.% and 1.0wt.%） of AI-3.5FeNb-I.5C master alloy shows that the AI-3.5FeNb-I.5C master alloy as a grain refiner is also acceptable for AI-Si cast alloys when the silicon content is more than 4wt.%. As a result of inoculation with AI-3.5FeNb-1.5C master alloy, the average grain size of a-AI is reduced to 22＋3 #m from about 71＋3 IJm and grain refining efficiency is not characterized by any visible poisoning effect, which is the major limitation in the grain refinement of AI-Si cast alloys by applying AI-Ti-B ternary master alloys. Mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are significantly improved by 9.6% and 9.7%, respectively.

关键词： casting Al-Si alloy Al-3.5Fe Nb-1.5C microstructure grain refiner Al3Nb NbC

Fuzzy Logic Based Group Maturity Rating for Software Performance Prediction

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第4期4卷 406-412页

作者： A.K.Verma anil R Om Prakash jain Indian Institute of Technology Bombay PowaiMumbai 400076India Larsen & Toubro Infotech Limited PowaiMumbai 400072India

Driven by market requirements, software services organizations have adopted various software engineering process models （such as capability maturity model （CMM）, capability maturity model integration （CMMI）, ISO 9001：2000, etc.） and practice of the project management concepts defined in the project management body of knowledge. While this has definitely helped organizations to bring some methods into the software development madness, there always exists a demand for comparing various groups within the organization in terms of the practice of these defined process models. Even though there exist many metrics for comparison, considering the variety of projects in terms of technology, life cycle, etc., finding a single metric that caters to this is a difficult task. This paper proposes a model for arriving at a rating on group maturity within the organization. Considering the linguistic or imprecise and uncertain nature of software measurements, fuzzy logic approach is used for the proposed model. Without the barriers like technology or life cycle difference, the proposed model helps the organization to compare different groups within it with reasonable precision.

关键词： Group maturity rating fuzzy logic fuzzy sets historical data software projects.