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Design and simulation of optoelectronic oscillator with micro ring resonator and radio frequency amplifier modelling at 110 GHz

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Optoelectronics Letters 2021年第8期17卷 482-489页

作者： anil Kurian P Ugra Mohan Roy Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBangalore 560034India

There is an increasing need for high performance oscillators as the faster transmission networks demand for high frequency ***-electronic oscillators(OEO)enable us to make better oscillators in terms of size,weight and *** this paper,photonic integration is proposed for realizing the OEO with micro ring resonator(MRR)and radio-frequency(RF)amplifiers of monolithic microwave integrated circuit(MMIC),which can be used for generating 110 GHz sine *** OEO architecture is proposed and block diagram developed considering Silicon based MRR and three-stage RF amplifier based on Ga N high-electron-mobility transistor(HEMT).A simulation model is developed according to the Klein model of MRR and is validated against the calculated performance *** dimensions are calculated as with silicon on insulator(SOI)technology and a radius 5.27μm for the device is *** spectral range(FSR)of 48.52 nm and filter rejection ratio of 16.79 d B are obtained for this *** proposed RF amplifier is modelled with Ga N parameters derived from high frequency pinch-off model and with power amplifier *** gain for this amplifier is obtained as 10.6 d *** OEO design is developed in this project in such a way that the system can be manufactured with the existing methods.

关键词： amplifier resonator optoelectronic

A Context Sensitive Multilevel Thresholding Using Swarm Based Algorithms

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第6期6卷 1471-1486页

作者： Shreya Pare anil Kumar Varun Bajaj Girish Kumar Singh PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Jabalpur 482005MPIndia Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand 247667India

In this paper, a comprehensive energy function is used to formulate the three most popular objective functions:Kapur's, Otsu and Tsalli's functions for performing effective multilevel color image thresholding. These new energy based objective criterions are further combined with the proficient search capability of swarm based algorithms to improve the efficiency and robustness. The proposed multilevel thresholding approach accurately determines the optimal threshold values by using generated energy curve, and acutely distinguishes different objects within the multi-channel complex images. The performance evaluation indices and experiments on different test images illustrate that Kapur's entropy aided with differential evolution and bacterial foraging optimization algorithm generates the most accurate and visually pleasing segmented images.

关键词： Color image segmentation Kapur's entropy multilevel thresholding Otsu method swarm based optimization algorithms Tsalli's entropy

On-road emissions of CO,CO2 and NOx from four wheeler and emission estimates for Delhi

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 39-47页

作者： Jaiprakash Gazala Habib anil Kumar Akash Sharma Minza Haider Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India IEC College of Engineering and Technology Greater NoidaU.P.India

This study presents the emission factor of gaseous pollutants （CO, CO2, and NOx） from on-road tailpipe measurement of 14 passenger cars of different types of fuel and vintage. The trolley equipped with stainless steel duct, vane probe velocity meter, flue gas analyzer, Nondispersive infra red （NDIR） C02 analyzer, temperature, and relative humidity （RH） sensors was connected to the vehicle using a towing system. Lower CO and higher NOx emissions were observed from new diesel cars （post 2010） compared to old cars （post 2005）, which implied that new technological advancement in diesel fueled passenger cars to reduce CO emission is a successful venture, however, the use of turbo charger in diesel cars to achieve high temperature combustion might have resulted in increased NOx emissions. Based on the measured emission factors （g/kg0, and fuel consumption （kg）, the average and 95% confidence interval （CI） bound estimates of CO, CO2, and NOx from four wheeler （4W） in Delhi for the year 2012 were 15.7 （1.4-37.1）, 6234 （386-12,252）, and 30.4 （0.0-103） Gg/year, respectively. The contribution of diesel, gasoline and compressed natural gas （CNG） to total CO, C02 and NOx emissions were 7：84：9, 50：48：2 and 58：41：1 respectively. The present work indicated that the age and the maintenance of vehicle both are important factors in emission assessment therefore, more systematic repetitive measurements coveting wide range of vehicles of different age groups, engine capacity, and maintenance level is needed for refining the emission factors with CI.

关键词： Mobile sampling systemOn-road emissionEmission factorPassengers cars

Dynamics for a hybrid non-autonomous prey-predator system with generalist predator and impulsive conditions on time scales

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2023年第1期16卷 157-182页

作者： anil Kumar Muslim Malik Yun Kang School of BasicSciences Indian Institute of Technology Mandi India Science and Mathematics Faculty Arizona State University MesaArizona 85212USA

In this paper,we investigate the dynamical behavior for a hybrid non-autonomous predator-prey system with Holling Type II functional response,impulsive effects and generalist predator on time scales,where our proposed model commutes between a continuous-time dynamical system and discrete-time dynamical *** using com--parison theorems,we first study the permanence results of the proposed ***,we established the uniformly asymptotic stability for the almost periodic solution of the proposed ***,in the last section,we provide some examples with numerical simulation.

关键词： Hybrid non-autonomous prey-predator system Lyapunov functional impulsive effect time scales

N×N Clos Digital Cross-Connect Switch Using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata(QCA)

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2901-2917页

作者： Amita Asthana anil Kumar Preeta Sharan Amity University Lucknow226028India The Oxford College of Engineering Bangalore560019India

Quantum dot cellular automata(QCA)technology is emerging as a future technology which designs the digital circuits at quantum *** tech-nology has gained popularity in terms of designing digital circuits,which occupy very less area and less power dissipation in comparison to the present comple-mentary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)*** designing the rou-ters at quantum levels with non-blocking capabilities various multi-stage networks have been *** manuscript presents the design of the N×NClos switch matrix as a multistage interconnecting network using quantum-dot cellular automata *** design of the Clos switch matrix presented in the article uses three input majority gates(MG).To design the 4×4 Clos switch matrix,a basic 2×2 switch architecture has been proposed as a basic *** 2×2 switching matrix(SM)design presented in the manuscript utilizes three input majority ***,the 2×2 SM has been proposed usingfive input majority *** different approaches(1&2)have been presented for designing 2×2 SM usingfive input majority *** 2×2 SM design based on three input majority gate utilizes four zone clocking scheme to allow signal ***,the clocking scheme used in 2×2 SM using three input MG and in 2×2 SM approach 1 usingfive input MG is *** 2×2 SM approach 2 design,utilizes the clocking scheme in which clocks can be applied by electricfield generators easily and in turn the switch element becomes physically *** simulation results conclude that the 2×2 SM is suitable for designing a 4×4 Clos network.A higher order of input-output switching matrix,supporting more number of users can utilize the proposed designs.

关键词： Quantum dot cellular automata(QCA) clos switch network 2×2 switching matrix(SM) QCA designer majority gate(MG)

Buspirone along with melatonin attenuates oxidative damage and anxiety-like behavior in a mouse model of immobilization stress

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第8期12卷 582-589页

作者： anil Kumar Gurleen Kaur Puneet Rinwa Pharmacology Division University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences UGC Centre of Advanced Study Panjab University

AIM: Stress is recognized to precipitate anxiety and related psychological problems characterized by a wide range of biochemical and behavioral changes. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of melatonin and buspirone, and their combination, against six hours immobilization stress-induced, anxiety-like behavioral and oxidative damage in mice. METHOD: Male Laca mice were pre-treated with melatonin(2.5, 5 mg·kg–1), buspirone(5, 10 mg·kg–1), and their combination for consecutive five days. On the 6th day, animals were immobilized for six hours, and thereafter various behavioral tests were performed followed by biochemical tests. RESULTS: Immobilization stress significantly impaired body weight, locomotor activity, and caused anxiety-like behavior, along with increased oxidative damage. Pretreatment with melatonin and buspirone significantly improved the loss in body weight and locomotor activity, attenuated anxiety-like behavior(in both the mirror chamber and plus maze performance tasks), further restored the levels of brain total proteins, and caused antioxidant-like effects, as evidenced by reduced lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, and restoration of reduced glutathione and catalase activity, as compared to control animals. In addition, combination of melatonin(2.5, 5 mg·kg–1) with buspirone(5 mg·kg–1) significantly potentiated their protective effects, as compared to their effects individually. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that melatonin potentiates the beneficial effect of buspirone against immobilization stress-induced, anxiety-like behavioral and oxidative damage in mice possibly by involving a serotonergic mechanism.

关键词： Buspirone Melatonin Immobilization Anxiety Oxidative stress

Optimization of green sand mould system using Taguchi based grey relational analysis

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China Foundry 2018年第2期15卷 152-159页

作者： Srinivasa Rao Pulivarti anil Kumar Birru Mechanical Engineering Department National Institute of Technology

The strength of the mould cavity in sand casting is very much significant to attain high-quality castings. Optimization of green sand process parameters plays a vital role in minimizing casting defects. In the present research work, the effect of process parameters such as AFS grain fineness number, water, molasses, bentonite, fly ash, and ramming, and their levels on the resultant mould properties were investigated and optimized using Taguchi based grey relational analysis. The Taguchi L18 orthogonal array and analysis of variance(ANOVA) were used. The quality characteristics viz., green compression strength, permeability, bulk density, mould hardness and shatter index of green sand mould were optimized using grey relational grade, based on the experiments designed using Taguchi's Design of Experiments. ANOVA analysis indicated that water content is the most influential parameter followed by bentonite, and degree of ramming that contributes to the quality characteristics. The results are confirmed by calculating confidence intervals, which lies within the interval limits. Finally, microstructure observations and X-ray diffraction analysis have been performed for the optimal sand parametric combination. Results show that presence of maximum amount of SiO_2, which might be the reason for enhancement of the physical properties of the sand.

关键词： green sand bentonite fly ash molasses Taguchi based grey relational analysis grain fineness number

Role of bacteria in carcinogenesis, with special reference to carcinoma of the gallbladder

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5395-5404页

作者： Gopal Nath anil K Gulati Vijay K Shukla Department of Microbiology Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Department of General Surgery Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University

Carcinoma of the gallbladder (CaGB) is the fifth commonest gastrointestinal tract cancer and is endemic in several countries. The interplay of genetic susceptibility, infections, and life style factors has been proposed to be responsible for carcinogenesis of gallbladder. Persistence of infection leading to chronic inflammation, and production of certain toxins and metabolites with carcinogenic potentials, by certain bacteria has been speculated to be involved in the transformation of the gallbladder epithelium. Therefore, any bacteria that have evolved to acquire both of the above carcinogenic mechanisms can cause cancer. Salmonella typhi has been found to be prominently associated with CaGB. Chronic typhoid carriage (persistence) and production of mediators of chronic infl ammation and a genotoxic toxin (cytotoxic distending toxin, CdtB) are also known for this bacterium. Furthermore, the natural concentrating function of the gallbladder might amplify the carcinogenic effect of the mediators of carcinogenesis. In addition to S. typhi, certain species of Helicobacter (H. bilis and H. hepaticus) and Escherichia coli have also been implicated in carcinogenesis. As the isolation rate is verypoor with the presently available culture techniques, the existence of bacteria in a viable but non-cultivable state is quite likely; therefore, sensitive and specif ic molecular techniques might reveal the etiological role of bacterial infection in gallbladder carcinogenesis. If bacteria are found to be causing cancers, then eradication of such infections might help in reducing the incidence of some cancers.

关键词： Bacteria Chronic infl ammation Carcinogen Bacterial toxins Carcinoma gallbladder DNA damage

A robust deep structured prediction model for petroleum reservoir characterization using pressure transient test data

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Petroleum Research 2022年第2期7卷 204-219页

作者： Rakesh Kumar Pandey anil Kumar Ajay Mandal Department of Petroleum and Energy Studies School of Engineering and TechnologyDIT UniversityDehradun248009India Data Science Research Group School of ComputingDIT UniversityDehradun248009India Department of Petroleum Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad826004India

A robust deep learning model consisting of long short-term memory and fully connected neural net-works has been proposed to automatically interpret homogeneous petroleum reservoirs having infinite,no flow,and constant pressure outer boundary *** pressure change data recorded during the well test operation along with its derivative is input into the model to perform the classification for identifying the reservoir model and,further,regression to estimate output *** noise was added to analytical models while generating the synthetic training *** hyperparameters were regulated to perform model optimization,resulting in a batch size of 64,Adam optimization algorithm,learning rate of 0.01,and 80:10:10 data split ratio as the best choices of *** perfor-mance accuracy also increased with an increase in the number of samples during *** classification and regression metrics have been used to evaluate the performance of the *** paper also demonstrates the prediction performance of the optimized model using simulated and actual oil well pressure drawdown test *** proposed model achieved minimum and maximum relative errors of 0.0019 and 0.0308,respectively,in estimating output for the simulated test cases and relative error of 0.0319 for the real test case.

关键词： Well test Reservoir characterization Automatic interpretation Prediction model Hyperparameter tuning Performance indicator