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Catalytic Cracking of Waste Polypropylene in a Nitrogen Fluidized Bed Reactor

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第4期4卷 20-25页

作者： anil vyas Suresh Kumar Singh Komal Sharma Sukhwant Singh Chemical Engineering Department Jai Narain Vyas University Jodhpur India Civil Engineering Department Jai Narain Vyas University Jodhpur India Chemical Engineering Department MNIT Jaipur India

Polypropylene (PP) is rated first as volume leader in the plastic sector. Its non-biodegradable property poses serious environmental problem in case of disposal. The catalytic cracking of PP was performed with various catalysts i.e. ZSM-5, Zeolite, RB and SPS. The cracking was observed under different feed to catalyst ratio i.e. 1:1 to 5:1. The fluidized bed reactor was fabricated with arrangement to measure the temperature ranging from 100。C to 800。C. The effective of feed to catalyst ratio was found 3:1 at a temperature range of 420。C - 510。C and catalyst ZSM-5 gives maximum liquid conversion of waste PP. Conversion of PP to liquid fuel will not only resolve the problem of disposal of waste polypropylene plastic but also give a value aided product.

关键词： Waste PP Pyrolysis Catalytic Cracking ZSM-5 Zeolite Liquid Fuel

Incense smoke(IS)inhalation exposure system:Physicochemical characterization,IS particle deposition and clearance in human airway using MPPD model

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 271-285页

作者： vyas Kumar Hafsa Hashmi Anshita Nasreen Ghazi Ansari Jyotsna Singh Inhalation Toxicology Facility Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow22001UPIndi Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcsSIR) Ghaziabad201002UPIndia Analytical Chemistry Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow226001UPIndia

Incense smoke(IS)is source of indoor air pollution and key risk for diverse human *** in-formation is available regarding controlled IS rodent inhalation exposure system and IS particulate matter(PM)deposition in human *** aimed to demonstrate stable ISPM physicochemical parameters of 10 incense products inside the customized whole body inhalation exposure chamber(without animal)connected to smoke generation unit via aerosol mixing *** analyzed for size segregated PM emission,ISPM in vitro aerodynamics(MMAD and GSD determination),fine and ultrafine particle's SEM,SEM-EDX and PAH *** real life exposure scenario by utilizing MMAD,GSD and PM concentration after Tier 1 exposure assessment as key input parameters,ISPM dosimetry in infant(3 months)and adult(21 years male and female)human airways was calculated using multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD 3.04)*** median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD)and geo-metric standard deviation(GSD)ranged between 0.55 and 2.10μm and 1.22 to 1.77(polydisperse)***1.0 and PM0.1 showed multiple morphology and presence of heavy and trace *** like acenaphthylene,anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected(0.84-143.17μg/g).MPPD results showed higher ISPM deposition in pulmonary region and lowest in trachea bronchial *** deposition in tissue was higher in lower,peripheral lung as compared to upper and central lung *** body inhalation exposure system showed stable IS atmosphere(physi-cochemical parameters)indicating the device suitability in future inhalation *** ISPM deposition fraction and clearance data showed deep lung penetrating and retention behavior with higher risk in infant followed by female and then *** modeled particle deposition and clearance data may be useful in risk assessment analysis of IS.

关键词： Inhalation Incense smoke Multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD) Particle deposition Particulate matter(PM) Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) Human airway

Colorectal cancer cell dormancy:An insight into pathways

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3810-3817页

作者： anil Kumar Lekha Saha Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Cancer cell dormancy(CCD)in colorectal cancer(CRC)poses a significant challenge to effective *** CRC,CCD contributes to tumour recurrence,drug resistance,and amplifying the disease's *** molecular mechanisms governing CCD and strategies for eliminating dormant cancer cells remain largely ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms governing dormancy is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing targeted *** editorial highlights the complex interplay of signalling pathways and factors involved in colorectal CCD,emphasizing the roles of Hippo/YAP,pluripotent transcription factors such as NANOG,HIF-1αsignalling,and Notch signalling ***,ERK/p38α/β/MAPK pathways,AKT signalling pathway,and Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer,along with some potential less explored pathways such as STAT/p53 switch and canonical and non-canonical Wnt and SMAD signalling,are also involved in promoting colorectal *** their clinical significance,these findings may offer the potential for identifying key dormancy regulator pathways,improving treatment strategies,surmounting drug resistance,and advancing personalized medicine ***,insights into dormancy mechanisms could lead to the development of predictive biomarkers for identifying patients at risk of recurrence and the tailoring of targeted therapies based on individual dormancy *** is essential to conduct further research into these pathways and their modulation to fully comprehend CRC dormancy mechanisms and enhance patient outcomes.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer cell dormancy Cancer cell dormancy Pathways in colorectal cancer dormancy

Optimization of variables and assessment of in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperlipidemic activity of Eudragit RS nanoparticles containing simvastatin

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 189-198页

作者： Bina Gidwani Vishal Jain Veenu Joshi Ravindra Kumar Pandey Shiv Shankar Shukla Amber vyas Columbia Institute of Pharmacy Raipur(C.G.)India University Institute of Pharmacy Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India Center for Basic Science and Research Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India

Simvastatin, a BCS class II drug, is associated with poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism and short half-life. In the present work, nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated. Optimization of formulation and process parameters was done through the use of independent and dependent variables. Preliminary studies were done to determine suitable range of the concentration of Eudragit polymer (10%–30%) and the ratio of drug to polymer (1:1 to 1:5) for the formation of nanoparticles by emulsification and a solvent evaporation technique. Results revealed that the mean size of nanoparticles was affected by stirring speed from 5000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 12000 RPM. The results of increase in association efficiency and percent yield with increase in amount of drug from 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg in selected range were observed. In-vitro release studies showed that two formulations possess highest initial burst and slow sustained drug release. There was 2.93-fold decrease in total cholesterol and 3.27-fold increases in triglyceride level during in-vivo study.

关键词： Simvastatin Eudragit RS 100 Nanoparticles Hyperlipidemia

Offshore high-grade limemud resources of west coast of India:Economic potential and industrial applications

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第2期3卷 163-170页

作者： anil Kumar Adukadukkam Rachna Pillai Mamatha Puthiyathara Kanakamma Marine&Coastal Survey Division Geological Survey of IndiaSalt LakeKolkataWest BengalIndia

Limestone is one of the essential raw materials in the cement,paint,steel,ceramic,glass,chemical,pharmaceutical,paper,and fertilizer *** India,only 8%of the limestone resources are placed under the reserve category,of which 97%is of cement ***,India depends on imports to bridge the demand‐supply gap of steel,blast furnace,and chemical‐grade *** of Geological Survey of India(GSI)to locate alternate sources for limestone led to the discovery of enormous quantities of carbonate minerals called limemud from the continental shelf margin of the west coast of *** carried out systematic studies to explore the nature of the disposition,quality,quantity,and suitability of the offshore limemud for various industrial applications.A preliminary estimate of resources using high‐resolution subbottom profiling and sediment core sample studies established the occurrence of more than 172 billion tonnes of high‐grade(The content of CaCO3 is greater than 80 wt%)limemud in 0.4–28.0m thick stratified sediment layers spread over an area of 18000 ***,physical,mineralogical,beneficiation,and agglomeration studies found the offshore limemud as a potential replacement for limestone in the cement,filler,blast furnace,steel melting shop,lime production,paint,and Grade‐I steel *** assessment of mining and transportation costs indicates that the offshore limemud(USD 5–6/ton)is more cost‐effective than that imported from other countries(USD16‐18/ton).With several advantageous factors like low impurity,mode of occurrence in overburden‐free stratified form,fine‐grained slurry nature,and shallow water depth,sustainable mining of offshore limemud could be a future reality with controllable technological,economic,and environmental challenges.

关键词： beneficiation industrial grade offshore limemud west coast of India

Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis Paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

Multidimensional evaluation of salt tolerance in groundnut genotypes through biochemical responses

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 102-110页

作者： Rushita D.Parmar Vaishali G.Varsani Vijay Parmar Suhas vyas Dushyant Dudhagara Department of Life Sciences Bhakta Kavi Narsinh Mehta UniversityJunagadhGujaratIndia

The manuscript explores the complex interplay between groundnut genotypes,salt tolerance and hormonal influence,shedding light on the dynamic responses of three specific groundnut genotypes,KDG-128,TG-37 A and GG-20,to salt treatments and gibberellic acid(GA3).The study encompasses germination,plant growth,total protein content and oil content as key *** comprehensive analysis,it identifies TG-37 A and KDG-128 as salt-tolerant genotypes,and GG-20 as salt-susceptible genotypes,which highlighting the potential for targeted breeding efforts to develop more resilient groundnut ***,the quantification of protein and oil content under different treatments provides vital data for optimizing nutritional profiles in groundnut *** Component Analysis(PCA) underscores the significance of the first principal component(PC1)in explaining the majority of variance,capturing primary trends and differences in plant *** of Variance(ANOVA) and hierarchical analysis confirm the presence of statistically significant differences in protein and oil content among the ***'s correlation coefficient matrix analysis reveals strong positive correlations between plant length and protein content,plant length and oil content,and a moderately positive correlation between protein content and oil *** findings provide valuable insights into groundnut physiology,salt tolerance,and nutritional composition,with implications for future research in sustainable agriculture and crop improvement.

关键词： Groundnut Salt tolerance Genotypes Salt-hormone interaction Protein and oil content Statistical analysis

Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with single cell resolution using on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preksha Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mishra Atindra Nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanush Balekai Kavyashree Rai anil Prabhakar Taslimarif Saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a critical component of several high-throughput single-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** significant progress in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving microscopy-based high-speed imaging of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive instrumentation,limiting their widespread *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverages the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence signals from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using optical *** highly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based signal detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing of optical signals with high sensitivity and single-cell resolution within each *** demonstrate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell surface biomarkers using fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-ranging,scalable optical sensing solutions for research and diagnostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution

高速火焰喷涂VC-CuNiCr涂层的耐腐蚀性能

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第5期31卷 1385-1397页

作者： SINGH Vikrant BANSAL Anuj SINGLA anil Kumar KUMAR Vijay Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal Sangrur 148106India Industrial and Production Engineering Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar 144011India

本研究采用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)沉积技术,将碳化钒(VC)和铜镍铬(CuNiCr)复合涂层应用于SS316不锈钢上,以解决不锈钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀问题。在室温环境下,在3.5%氯化钠溶液中进行电化学腐蚀,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS... 详细信息

本研究采用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)沉积技术,将碳化钒(VC)和铜镍铬(CuNiCr)复合涂层应用于SS316不锈钢上,以解决不锈钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀问题。在室温环境下,在3.5%氯化钠溶液中进行电化学腐蚀,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS)对有涂层和未覆涂层样品的表面形貌进行检测。结果表明,涂层内由铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)和铬(Cr)组成的金属间黏合剂在氯化钠介质的影响下发生变质,从而导致出现衬底间的局部点蚀现象。有趣的是,在涂层配方中加入碳化钒(VC)显著地增强了表面的耐腐蚀性能,从而阻止了密闭腐蚀凹坑的出现。在不同类的涂层中,加入VC的效果最好,最小的腐蚀速率为72.38×10^(-3)mm/a,相比之下,SS316基底的腐蚀速率最快。

关键词：高速火焰喷涂碳化钒铜镍铬电化学腐蚀氯化钠溶液