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Multiple Impact of Integrated Watershed Management in Low Rainfall Semi-Arid Region: A Case Study from Eastern Rajasthan, India

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第1期5卷 27-36页

作者： Prabhakar Pathak anil kumar chourasia Suhas P. Wani Raghavendra Sudi Resilient Dryland Systems International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad India

The agriculture in low rainfall areas of eastern Rajasthan, India is characterized by high risks from drought, degraded natural resources and pervasive poverty, food insecurity and malnutrition. In this region, water is the main limiting factor for upgrading rainfed agriculture. For such areas integrated watershed management is recognized as a potential approach for agriculture growth and rehabilitation of fragile and degraded lands. At Gokulpura-Goverdhanpura village in Bundi eastern Rajasthan, India an integrated watershed project was implemented using the holistic systems approach. This paper discusses the impacts of this watershed program on bio-physical, socio-economic, environmental and ecological parameters. Results indicate that due to watershed interventions the groundwater availability has substantially increased which brought changes in cropping patterns with high value crops. Significant increases in irrigated area, cropping intensity along with diversification of crops from traditional to commercial cash crops were recorded. The watershed program also significantly improved the socio-economic status of the watershed community. It has increased the income and reduced poverty of the people in the watershed. The watershed interventions generated good employment opportunities and significantly reduced the migration of both skilled and unskilled labor from the watershed village to urban areas. It has also improved the environmental quality and ecological status in the watershed. The watershed interventions increased the vegetative index or greenery, reduced runoff, soil loss, and land degradations and improved the bio-diversity in fragile ecosystems. Overall, the integrated watershed program at Gokulpura-Goverdhanpura provided resilience by ensuring continued and sustainable multiple outputs, besides soil and water conservation and other positive environmental effects.

关键词： Groundwater Management Bio-Physical Impact Socio-Economic Impact Environmental and Ecological Impact Semi-Arid Tropics

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Seasonal dynamics,kinetics,and effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol-17βon some steroidogenic enzymes in the ovary of the catfish Heteropneustes fossilis

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第5期7卷 462-473页

作者： Tapan kumar chourasia Radha Chaube Keerikkattil Paily Joy Department of Zoology Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India Hokkaido University Fisheries Sciences.3-1-1 Minato-ChoHakodateHokkaido041-8611Japan. Department of Biotechnology Cochin University of Science and TechnologyKochi682022India

The synthesis of bioactive steroids is catalyzed by an array of enzymes of diverse properties and *** the present study,seasonal dynamics and kinetics of key steroidogenic enzymes,17α-hydroxylase(Cyp17a),3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(Hsd3b),20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(Hsd20a)and 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(Hsd20b)were investigated in the female catfish Heteropneustes ***,the effects of the estrogen metabolite 2-hydroxyestradiol-17β(2-OHE2)and human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)on activities of the above enzymes,cytochrome P450 aromatase(Cyp19a1),and steroid products including testosterone and cortisol were *** enzymes under investigation showed significant seasonal variations across the annual ovarian cycle with low activity in the gonad resting *** enzymes Hsd3b and Cyp17a showed high activity during early oogenesis but the activities of Hsd20a and Hsd20b were higher towards late oogenesis in the spawning ***3b and Cyp17a elicited high apparent Km values(low substrate affinity)and high apparent Vmax in the vitellogenic phase compared to the postvitellogenic ***20a did not elicit any significant differences in the kinetic parameters between the two ***20b showed high apparent Km values(low substrate affinity)and high Vmax in the postvitellogenic *** incubation of ovarian slices with 2-OHE2 for 24 h increased dose-dependently Hsd3b,Cyp17a,Hsd20a and Hsd20b activities,similar to *** levels of the corresponding C21 steroid products,progesterone(P4),17α-hydroxyprogesterone(17-OHP4),17,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one(17,20α-DP)and 17,20β-dihydoxy-4-pregnen-3-one(17,20β-DP),and cortisol were ***,2-OHE2 decreased significantly the C19 and C18 steroids,testosterone and E2 levels,and Cyp19a *** co-incubation with hCG and 2-OHE2 produced a synergistic effect on the enzyme activities except that of *** co-incubation reversed the inhibitory effect of *** data show that

关键词： Catfish ovary Steroidogenic enzyme activity and kinetics 2-Hydroxyestradiol-17β Steroidogenic shift Human chorionic gonadotropin

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Bioactive peptides in fermented foods and their application:a critical review

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2023年第1期3卷 88-109页

作者： Rounak chourasia Loreni Chiring Phukon Md Minhajul Abedin Srichandan Padhi Sudhir P.Singh Amit kumar Rai Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development(DBT‑IBSD) Regional CentreTadongSikkimIndia Centre of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing(DBT-CIAB) Sector‑81S.A.S.NagarMohaliPunjabIndia Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development(DBT-IBSD) Mizoram NodeAizawlMizoramIndia

Bioactive peptides are released during the production of fermented dairy,vegetables,fruits,legumes,fish,and meat *** proteolytic specificity of lactic acid bacteria,Bacillus spp.,yeasts,and mold,apart from their ability to synthesize bioactive peptides,plays an important role in the generation of specific bioactive peptides in traditional fermented *** fermentation using defined starter strains has been explored for the development of bioactive peptides enriched novel fermented foods with potential *** peptides enriched foods exert diverse health benefits,such as antioxidant,antihypertensive,antidiabetic,and immunomodulatory *** peptides can be used as alternatives to synthetic compounds due to negligible side effects and high valuation in the nutraceutical and functional food ***,challenges associated with the identification,quantification,organoleptic properties,and bioavailability of bioac-tive peptides need to be addressed before exploiting the potential of bioactive peptides in the functional food *** the present review,we have discussed the production of bioactive peptides in diverse fermented *** and sequence specificity of peptides and their effect on the expression of distinct health beneficial effects have been *** potential of utilizing these bioactive peptides for the development of novel functional fermented foods is *** advances in peptide identification,quantification,debittering of peptides,and increasing peptide bioavailability have been explained.

关键词： Bioactive peptides Fermented foods Health benefits Nutraceuticals Functional foods Bioavailability

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Seismic response of precast reinforced concrete wall subjected to cyclic in-plane and constant out-of-plane loading

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1128-1143页

作者： Shubham SINGHAL Ajay chourasia Soraj kumar PANIGRAHI Yogesh KAJALE Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Central Building Research InstituteRoorkee 247667India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India BG Shirke Construction Technology Pvt.Ltd. Pune 411036India

This paper provides insight into the seismic behavior of a full-scale precast reinforced concrete wall under in-plane cyclic loading combined with out-of-plane loading replicated by sand backfill to simulate the actual condition of basement *** tested wall exhibited flexural cracks,owing to the high aspect ratio and considerable out-of-plane movement due to lateral pressure from the *** wall performed satisfactorily by exhibiting competent seismic parameters and deformation characteristics governed by its ductile response in the nonlinear phase during the test with smaller residual *** analysis was conducted to validate experimental findings,which complied with each *** numerical model was used to conduct parametric studies to study the effect of backfill density and aspect ratio on seismic response of the proposed precast wall *** in-plane capacity of walls reduced,while deformation characteristics were unaffected by the increase in backfill *** increase in aspect ratio leads to a reduction in in-plane capacity and an increase in *** between the ratio of in-plane yield capacity and design shear load of walls are proposed for the backfill density,which may be adopted to determine the in-plane yield capacity of the basement walls based on their design shear.

关键词： precast wall basement wall out-of-plane response quasi-static test sand backfill seismic parameters

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