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Offshore high-grade limemud resources of west coast of India:Economic potential and industrial applications

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第2期3卷 163-170页

作者： anil k.mar Aduk.duk.am Rachna Pillai Mamatha Puthiyathara k.nak.mma Marine&Coastal Survey Division Geological Survey of IndiaSalt LakeKolkataWest BengalIndia

Limestone is one of the essential raw materials in the cement,paint,steel,ceramic,glass,chemical,pharmaceutical,paper,and fertilizer *** India,only 8%of the limestone resources are placed under the reserve category,of which 97%is of cement ***,India depends on imports to bridge the demand‐supply gap of steel,blast furnace,and chemical‐grade *** of Geological Survey of India(GSI)to locate alternate sources for limestone led to the discovery of enormous quantities of carbonate minerals called limemud from the continental shelf margin of the west coast of *** carried out systematic studies to explore the nature of the disposition,quality,quantity,and suitability of the offshore limemud for various industrial applications.A preliminary estimate of resources using high‐resolution subbottom profiling and sediment core sample studies established the occurrence of more than 172 billion tonnes of high‐grade(The content of CaCO3 is greater than 80 wt%)limemud in 0.4–28.0m thick.stratified sediment layers spread over an area of 18000 ***,physical,mineralogical,beneficiation,and agglomeration studies found the offshore limemud as a potential replacement for limestone in the cement,filler,blast furnace,steel melting shop,lime production,paint,and Grade‐I steel *** assessment of mining and transportation costs indicates that the offshore limemud(USD 5–6/ton)is more cost‐effective than that imported from other countries(USD16‐18/ton).With several advantageous factors lik. low impurity,mode of occurrence in overburden‐free stratified form,fine‐grained slurry nature,and shallow water depth,sustainable mining of offshore limemud could be a future reality with controllable technological,economic,and environmental challenges.

关键词： beneficiation industrial grade offshore limemud west coast of India

Colorectal cancer cell dormancy:An insight into pathways

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3810-3817页

作者： anil k.mar Lek.a Saha Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Cancer cell dormancy(CCD)in colorectal cancer(CRC)poses a significant challenge to effective *** CRC,CCD contributes to tumour recurrence,drug resistance,and amplifying the disease's *** molecular mechanisms governing CCD and strategies for eliminating dormant cancer cells remain largely ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms governing dormancy is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing targeted *** editorial highlights the complex interplay of signalling pathways and factors involved in colorectal CCD,emphasizing the roles of Hippo/YAP,pluripotent transcription factors such as NANOG,HIF-1αsignalling,and Notch signalling ***,ERk.p38α/β/MAPk.pathways,Ak. signalling pathway,and Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer,along with some potential less explored pathways such as STAT/p53 switch and canonical and non-canonical Wnt and SMAD signalling,are also involved in promoting colorectal *** their clinical significance,these findings may offer the potential for identifying k.y dormancy regulator pathways,improving treatment strategies,surmounting drug resistance,and advancing personalized medicine ***,insights into dormancy mechanisms could lead to the development of predictive biomark.rs for identifying patients at risk.of recurrence and the tailoring of targeted therapies based on individual dormancy *** is essential to conduct further research into these pathways and their modulation to fully comprehend CRC dormancy mechanisms and enhance patient outcomes.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer cell dormancy Cancer cell dormancy Pathways in colorectal cancer dormancy

Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular block. from 2D‑medical images

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： anil AAcar Evangelos Dask.lak.s Paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin k.c Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures k.own as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold block. that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold block. can be combined to quick.y form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lack. access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold block. with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold block. are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold block. for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

Microglial complex I activity: a crucial factor for smoldering inflammation in the central nervous system

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SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY 2024年第1期9卷 1-2页

作者： Sonner, Jana k. Mayer, Christina Friese, Manuel A. Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf Inst Neuroimmunol & Multiple Sclerosis Hamburg Germany

In their article published in Nature,Peruzotti-Jametta et *** metabolic reprogramming of microglia as a defining characteristic of their persistent and harmful activation during inflammatory neurodegeneration,which is observable in conditions lik. multiple sclerosis(MS).Subsequently,the authors demonstrate how mitigating mitochondrial dysregulation in microglia alleviates disease progression in an animal model of MS,thereby unveiling a potential novel target for the treatment of MS(Fig.1).

关键词： inflammation al. thereby

Agile and reactive rabies vaccination techniques in countries with low and middle incomes

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Animal Diseases 2024年第2期4卷 75-77页

作者： Rupak.k.ndel anil Subedi Sonu Adhik.ri Department of Animal Breeding and Biotechnology Agriculture and Forestry University(AFU)RampurChitwan 44209Nepal University of New England ArmidaleNSW 2350Australia

Rabies are still a major public health risk.in low-and middle-income nations,endangering both human and animal *** is caused by rabies virus(RABV)from the Rhabdoviridae family of the genus *** infection affects the central nervous system,mainly the brain and spinal cord,causing acute encephalitis,which has the highest case fatality rate ever recordednearly 100%.Although all mammals can be infected by RABV,dogs are thought to be the main source of *** bites cause 95%of human cases of rabies,but in endemic areas,this number increases to 99%(Harischandra,Gunesek.ra et al.2016).

关键词： rabies Rabies acute

Monk.ypox: A Viral Zoonotic Disease of Rising Global Concern

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第3期4卷 121-131页

作者： Suk.maran Ani Betsy Joseph Mary Thomas Vishnupriya k.Sweety Nandita Suresh Tumos Waltimo Department of Dentistry Oral Health InstituteHamad Medical CorporationPost Box 3050DohaQatar College of Dental Medicine Qatar UniversityPost Box 2713DohaQatar Department of Periodontology Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077India Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Helsinki University and University HospitalHelsinki 00014Finland Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre MedicityPerumthuruthyTiruvallaKerala 689101India Clinic for Oral Health and Medicine University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZBUniversity of Basel4058 BaselSwitzerland.

Monk.ypox(mpox)is a rare viral zoonotic disease,endemic to Central and West Africa,caused by the monk.ypox virus,an orthopoxvirus similar to the variola virus(smallpox).Although sporadic travel-associated cases have historically occurred outside Africa,in May 2022,mpox began spreading globally in multiple nonendemic countries across several *** 2024,there has been an increase in globally reported confirmed cases of mpox and deaths from mpox,mak.ng it a public health emergency of international *** reasons for the unusual global spread are under investigation but lik.ly relate to increased travel and waning population immunity to *** now appears to be mainly through close,intimate contact,especially among men who have sex with *** is usually a self-limited *** limited approved antiviral treatments are available,such as tecovirimat,which the European Medicines Agency approved in January 2022 for the treatment of mpox,their widespread availability and effectiveness in the current outbreak.remain to be *** health control measures include surveillance,case identification/isolation,contact tracing,and targeted vaccination of contacts at high risk.of ***,challenges remain in curtailing the current unprecedented *** k.owledge gaps include animal reservoir(s)responsible for initial spillover events,viral mutations that may enhance transmissibility,optimal diagnostics for noninvasive specimens,effective antiviral therapies,next-generation vaccines providing longer-term immunity,and building global capacity for outbreak.*** review summarizes the current literature on mpox virology,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnostics,treatment,prevention,and public health control *** investigation and research are needed to better understand mpox’s evolving epidemiology,pathogenicity,transmissibility,and ecology to guide strategies for containin

关键词： Antiviral agents Disease outbreak. Epidemiology Mpox Smallpox vaccine Zoonoses

LiDAR-based estimation of bounding box coordinates using Gaussian process regression and particle swarm optimization

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第1期4卷 24-35页

作者： Vinodha k. E.S.Gopi Tushar Agnibhoj Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTamil Nadu620015India

Camera-based object track.ng systems in a given closed environment lack.privacy and *** this study,light detection and ranging(LiDAR)was applied to track.objects similar to the camera track.ng in a closed environment,guaranteeing privacy and *** primary objective was to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique through carefully designed experiments conducted using two *** Scenario I,the study illustrates the capability of the proposed technique to detect the locations of multiple objects positioned on a flat surface,achieved by analyzing LiDAR data collected from several locations within the closed *** II demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed technique in detecting multiple objects using LiDAR data obtained from a single,fixed ***-time experiments are conducted with human subjects navigating predefined *** individuals move within an environment,while LiDAR,fixed at the center,dynamically track. and identifies their locations at multiple *** demonstrate that a single,strategically positioned LiDAR can adeptly detect objects in motion around ***,this study provides a comparison of various regression techniques for predicting bounding box *** process regression(GPR),combined with particle swarm optimization(PSO)for prediction,achieves the lowest prediction mean square error of all the regression techniques examined at *** tuning of GPR using PSO significantly minimizes the regression *** of the experiment pave the way for its extension to various real-time applications such as crowd management in malls,surveillance systems,and various Internet of Things scenarios.

关键词： LiDAR Data acquisition Bounding box Gaussian process regression Particle swarm optimization(PSO)

A new route to weak.force sensing beyond SQL: Squeezed magnons in cavity magnomechanics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 170-171页

作者： ?.k.?zdemir Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics and Materials Research Institute (MRI)The Pennsylvania State University

Quantum mechanics imposes limits on measurement accuracy through quantum noise which typically has two components: First is the shot noise originating from vacuum fluctuations and referred to as the imprecision noise. Second is the quantum back.ction originating from the “action” of the measurement back.on the object being measured.

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Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with single cell resolution using on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Prek.ha Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mishra Atindra Nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanush Balek.i k.vyashree Rai anil Prabhak.r Taslimarif Saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a critical component of several high-throughput single-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** significant progress in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving microscopy-based high-speed imaging of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive instrumentation,limiting their widespread *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverages the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence signals from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using optical *** highly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based signal detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing of optical signals with high sensitivity and single-cell resolution within each *** demonstrate the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell surface biomark.rs using fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-ranging,scalable optical sensing solutions for research and diagnostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution