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Discrete twinning dynamics and size-dependent dislocation-to twin transition in body-centred cubic tungsten

Journal of materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 33-40页

作者： Jiangwei Wang anik h.m.faisal Xiyao Li Youran hong Qi Zhu hongbin Bei Ze Zhang Scott X mao Christopher R.Weinberger Center of Electron microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of mechanical Engineering Colorado State UniversityCO 80523USA School of materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano materials Institute of WenzhouZhejiang UniversityWenzhou 325006China

Body-centred cubic(BCC) metals are known to have unstable intrinsic stacking faults and high resistance to deformation twinning, which can strongly influence their twinning behaviour. Though twinning mechanisms of BCC metals have been investigated for more than 60 years, the atomistic level dynamics of twinning remains under debate, especially regarding its impact on competition between twinning and slip. here, we investigate the atomistic level dynamics of twinning in BCC tungsten(W) nanowires using in situ nanomechanical testing. Quantitative experimental studies directly visualize that deformation twins in W nanowires have a minimum size of six-layers and grow in increments of approximately three-layers at a time, in contrast to the layer-by-layer growth of deformation twins in face-centred cubic metals. These unique twinning dynamics induces a strong competition with ordinary dislocation slip,as exhibited by a size-dependent dislocation-to-twin transition in W nanowires, with a transition size of ~40 nm. Our work provides physical insight into the dynamics of twinning at the atomic level, as well as a size-dependent dislocation-twinning competition, which have important implications for the plastic deformation in a broad class of BCC metals and alloys.

关键词： Body-centred cubic Deformation twin Twinning dynamics Dislocation-to-twin transition In situ nanomechanical testing

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Trehalose:A sugar molecule involved in temperature stress management in plants

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Ali Raza Savita Bhardwaj md Atikur Rahman Pedro García-Caparrós madiha habib faisal Saeed Sidra Charagh Christine h.Foyer Kadambot h.m.Siddique Rajeev K.Varshney College of Agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(FAFU)Fuzhou 350002FujianChina Department of Botany School of Bioengineering and BiosciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwara 144411India Department of Botany MCM DAV CollegeKangraHimachal Pradesh 176001India Grassland and Forage Division National Institute of Animal ScienceRural Development AdministrationCheonan 31000Republic of Korea Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering University of AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology National Agricultural Research CentrePark Rd.Islamabad 45500Pakistan Agriculture Health and Environment DepartmentNatural Resources InstituteFaculty of Engineering&ScienceUniversity of GreenwichKent ME44TBUK State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbaston B152TTUK The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyPerth 6009Australia WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Centre for Crop and Food InnovationFood Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia

Trehalose(Tre)is a non-reducing disaccharide found in many species,including bacteria,fungi,invertebrates,yeast,and even plants,where it acts as an osmoprotectant,energy source,or protein/membrane *** relatively small amounts in plants,Tre concentrations increase following exposure to abiotic ***-6-phosphate,a precursor of Tre,has regulatory functions in sugar metabolism,crop production,and stress *** the various abiotic stresses,temperature extremes(heat or cold stress)are anticipated to impact crop production worldwide due to ongoing climate *** small amounts of Tre can mitigate negative physiological,metabolic,and molecular responses triggered by temperature *** also interacts with other sugars,osmoprotectants,amino acids,and phytohormones to regulate metabolic reprogramming that underpins temperature stress *** plants expressing Tre-synthesis genes accumulate Tre and show improved stress ***-wide studies of Tre-encoding genes suggest roles in plant growth,development,and stress *** review discusses the functions of Tre in mitigating temperature stress—highlighting genetic engineering approaches to modify Tre metabolism,crosstalk,and interactions with other molecules—and in-silico approaches for identifying novel Tre-encoding genes in diverse plant *** consider how this knowledge can be used to develop temperature-resilient crops essential for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Abiotic stress Gene expression Genetic engineering Osmolyte Trehalose-6-phosphate

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Strong ground motion characteristics observed in the February 6,2023 m_(W)7.7 Türkiye earthquake

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Earthquake Science 2024年第3期37卷 241-262页

作者： faisal mehraj Wani Jayaprakash Vemuri Chenna Rajaram Department of Civil Engineering Ecole Centrale College of EngineeringMahindra UniversityHyderabadTelangana 500043India Department of Civil Engineering Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyalAndhra Pradesh 518501India

Türkiye is located in a seismically active region,where the Anatolian,African,and Arabian tectonic plates *** seismic hazards cause the region to be struck repeatedly by major *** February 06,2023,a devastating m_(W)7.7 earthquake struck Türkiye at 01:17 am local time(01:17 UTC).In this regard,near and far-field ground motion data within the distance of 120 km are compiled and later characterized to identify the key ground motion intensity ***,the vertical components of ground motions were examined to capture the complete three-dimensional nature of the seismic ***,the effect of Pulse-Like(PL)and Non-Pulse-Like(NPL)ground motion on a representative RC frame structure built as per the Türkiye code was *** results indicate that PL behavior was observed in both horizontal and vertical components of ground motions and PL behavior were noted both near the epicenter and at higher distances from the ***,the ratio of the peak vertical acceleration to peak horizontal acceleration at certain stations was found to be close to ***,the non-linear time history analysis of the representative reinforced concrete frame structure for ground motions recorded at stations located equidistant from the epicenter,indicated that PL ground motions led to more significant damage compared to NPL ground motions.

关键词： Pulse-Like Non-Pulse-Like 2023 Türkiye earthquake V/h ratio reinforced concrete

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Influence of erbium on structural,and charged particles,photons,and neutrons shielding properties of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) perovskite ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 724-732页

作者： m.K.h.hamad Nidal Dwaikat m.h.A.mhareb m.I.Sayyed R.m.hamad Y.S.m.Alajerami m.A.Almessiere Gameel Saleh Ahmad hussein Alomari K.A.Ziq Department of Basic Sciences School of Social and Basics SciencesAl Hussein Technical UniversityKing Abdullah II St 242Amman11831Jordan Department of Physics College of Engineering and PhysicsInterdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced MaterialsKing Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP0.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceIsra UniversityAmman11622Jordan Department of Nuclear medicine Research Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia medical Imaging Department Applied Medical Sciences FacultyAl Azhar University-Gaza CityPo.Box 1277Palestine Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Energy&minerals Regulatory Commission Amman11821Jordan

Five perovskite ceramics samples of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) with x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,and 0.20 were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction *** prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR),and UV-Vis *** shielding properties against ionizing radiation were also *** XRD analysis shows the perovskite cubic structure as the major phase in all *** FTIR reveals a distinctive band around 614-620 cm^(-1) ascribed to the antisymmetric O-Sn-O ***-Vis spectroscopy was used to determine the bandgap according to diffuse reflectance,and the results display a fixed enhancement in the bandgap from 3.2 to 3.3 eV for all ***-ray shielding properties of the synthesized samples were experimentally measured and compared with XCOm computational *** relative differences(Δ,%)between experimental and theo retical values are low and fall within the 0.446%-7.10%*** addition of Er leads to the enhanced density,neutron,and gamma shielding *** contrast,charged particles’shielding parameters gradually reduce with rising Er *** results suggest that Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) samples can be used in different radiation shielding applications.

关键词： Perovskite Ceramics Gamma ray shielding mass stopping power Rare earths

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Predicting short-term thromboembolic risk following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using supervised machine learning

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1108页

作者： hassam Ali faisal Inayat Vishali moond Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Arslan Afzal Zauraiz Anjum hamza Tahir muhammad Sajeel Anwar Dushyant Singh Dahiya muhammad Sohaib Afzal Gul Nawaz Amir h Sohail muhammad Aziz Department of Gastroenterology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Department of Internal medicine Saint Peter's University Hospital and Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Department of Internal medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Internal medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal medicine Jefferson Einstein HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19141United States Department of Internal medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnsonNY 13790United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansasKS 66160United States Department of Internal medicine Louisiana State University HealthShreveportLA 71103United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States

BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)is a widely recognized bariatric procedure that is particularly beneficial for patients with class III *** aids in significant weight loss and improves obesity-related medical *** its effectiveness,postoperative care still has *** evidence shows that venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a leading cause of 30-d morbidity and mortality after ***,a clear unmet need exists for a tailored risk assessment tool for VTE in RYGB *** To develop and internally validate a scoring system determining the individualized risk of 30-d VTE in patients undergoing *** Using the 2016–2021 metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation Quality Improvement Program,data from 6526 patients(body mass index≥40 kg/m^(2))who underwent RYGB were analyzed.A backward elimination multivariate analysis identified predictors of VTE characterized by pulmonary embolism and/or deep venous thrombosis within 30 d of *** resultant risk scores were derived from the coefficients of statistically significant *** performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating curves through 5-fold *** Of the 26 initial variables,six predictors were *** included a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a regression coefficient(Coef)of 2.54(Ph of stay(Coef 0.08,Phrombosis(Coef 1.61,Phemoglobin A1c>7%(Coef 1.19,Phistory(Coef 1.43,Phese variables were weighted according to their regression coefficients in an algorithm that was generated for the model predicting 30-d VTE risk *** risk model's area under the curve(AUC)was 0.79[95%confidence interval(CI):0.63-0.81],showing good discriminatory power,achieving a sensitivity of 0.60 and a specificity of *** training,the same model performed satisfactorily

关键词： Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Venous thromboembolism machine learning Bariatric surgery Predictive modeling

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Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 872-912页

作者： mudasir A.Kumar Sadaf K.Baba hana Q.Sadida Sara Al.marzooqi Jayakumar Jerobin faisal h.Altemani Naseh Algehainy mohammad A.Alanazi Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra Rakesh Kumar Ammira S.Al-Shabeeb Akil muzafar A.macha Rashid mir Ajaz A.Bhat Watson-Crick Centre for molecular medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaKashmir 192122India Department of human Genetics-Precision medicine in Diabetes Obesity and Cancer ProgramSidra MedicineDohaQatar Qatar metabolic Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of medical Laboratory Technology Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia School of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraIndia

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-sized,membranous structures secreted into the extracellular *** exhibit diverse sizes,contents,and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological *** serum is a rich source of these EVs,though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses *** vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins,mRNAs,miRNAs,DNA,and lipids across distances,influencing numerous physiological and pathological events,including those within the tumor microenvironment(TmE).Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents,drug delivery systems,and disease *** in cancer diagnostics,EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic ***,various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools,highlighting their potential clinical *** need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains *** into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the *** this review,we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions,including cancers(encompassing head and neck,lung,gastric,breast,and hepatocellular carcinoma),neurodegenerative disorders,diabetes,viral infections,autoimmune and renal diseases,emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.

关键词： diseases sized sizes

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mental health status among COVID-19 patients survivors of critical illness in Saudi Arabia:A 6-month follow-up questionnaire study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2560-2567页

作者： Abdullah m Alhammad Namareq F Aldardeer Abdulaziz Alqahtani mohammad h Aljawadi Bushra Alnefaie Raghad Alonazi mansour Almuqbil Abdulrahman Alsaadon Rakan m Alqahtani Rashid Alballaa Bader Alshehri mohammed I Alarifi Fahad D Alosaimi Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Services King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreJeddah 21499Saudi Arabia Corporate Department of Pharmacy Services King Saud University Medical CityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia College of Pharmacy King Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Critical Care medicine College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Psychiatry College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological ***,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There is a paucity of data from the middle East assessing the post-ICU discharge mental health status of patients who had *** To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe *** This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the ICU or under ICU consultation for>24 h for *** patients were contacted via *** patient’s anxiety and depression six months after ICU discharge were assessed using the hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(hADS).The primary outcome was the mean hADS *** secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or *** Patients who were admitted to the ICU because of COVID-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the *** mean age was 56.3±17.2 *** patients(62.5%)were *** main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)*** mean overall hADS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-ICU discharge was 11.4(SD±8.5).A hADS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),*** from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(OR)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;Pmonths after ICU discharge,30% of patients who had COVID-19 demonstrated a hADS score that confirmed anxiety and *** compare the psychological status of patients following an ICU admission(with vs without COVID-19),further studies are warranted.

关键词： COVID-19 Critically ill Anxiety Depression hADS Saudi Arabia

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Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula:a comprehensive review of the history,classification systems,management,and prognosis

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2024年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： Ali Alkhaibary Ahoud Alharbi Nada Alnefaie hajar Alammar Alshaymaa m.Arishy Noor Alghanim Yazeed m.Aldhfyan Arwa Albaiahy Yahya h.Khormi Wael Alshaya Saad AlQahatani Ahmed Aloraidi Ahmed Alkhani Sami Khairy College of medicine King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesRiyadhSaudi Arabia King Abdullah International medical Research Center RiyadhSaudi Arabia Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKing Abdulaziz Medical CityMinistry of National Guard-Health AffairsRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosurgery National Neurosciences InstituteKing Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of medicine Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosurgery King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas account for the majority of spinal vascular *** are typically located in the thoracolumbar region and are diagnosed in the middle-aged and elderly *** spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas have been postulated to be acquired,their exact development remains ***,the arteriovenous shunt is situated close to the spinal nerve root,inside the dura mater,where the blood from the radiculomeningeal artery and radicular vein *** history,there have been multiple classification systems of spinal arteriovenous shunts since *** were mainly based on the evolution of diagnostic studies as well as the treatment of these *** classification systems have undergone significant changes over the *** intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula,spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is progressive in *** neurological manifestations,due to venous congestion,tend to be insidious as well as *** include sensory deficits,such as paresthesia,bilateral and/or unilateral radicular pain affecting the lower limbs,and gait *** dural arteriovenous fistulas can be suspected on magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA).The management includes surgery,endovascular therapy,and in selected cases,*** treatment goal of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is to halt the progression of the *** prognosis depends on both the duration of symptoms as well as the clinical condition prior to *** present article comprehensively reviews the pathophysiology,changes in classification systems,natural history,clinical manifestations,radiological features,management,and prognosis.

关键词： Connection Endovascular myelopathy Vascular

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Exploring the tectonostratigraphy of the Pakistan himalaya with new detrital zircon geochronology and neodymium isotope data from the Kaghan Valley

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 117-132页

作者： W.Joel Schiffer Delores m.Robinson Shah faisal harold h.Stowell Department of Geological Sciences and Center for Sedimentary Basin Studies University of AlabamaPO Box 870338TuscaloosaAL 35487USA National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan

In the central himalaya,the Greater and Lesser himalayan tectonostratigraphic zones can be distinguished from each other by combining detrital zircon U-Pb ages and whole-rock Nd isotopic *** the hazara-Kashmir syntaxis of northern Pakistan,rock units in the Kaghan valley have been variously assigned to the Tethyan,Greater,and Lesser himalayan *** determine which tectonostratigraphic zones are represented,we sampled across the Batal thrust in the northern Kaghan valley because this structure is identified in some research as the main Central *** from the footwall yield Paleo-to mesoproterozoic maximum depositional ages(-1.8-1.1 Ga)and an averageεNd(0)value *** from the hanging wall yield Neoproterozoic maximum depositional ages(~1000-600 ma)andεNd(0)values *** contrasting detrital zircon ages show that the Batal thrust in the Kaghan valley is a major structural ***,these data lack the characteristic detrital zircon age spectra andεNd(0)values of Greater and Lesser himalayan rocks north and south of the main Central thrust in the central himalaya,***,either the Batal thrust is not the main Central thrust,or the main Central thrust in the Kaghan valley cuts a different structural level and carries rock units not seen outside the hazara-Kashmir syntaxis.

关键词： Pakistan himalaya Tectonostratigraphy main Central thrust Detrital zircon geochronology Neodymium isotopes

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Effect of additives on nickel-phosphorus deposition obtained by electroless plating:Characterization and corrosion resistance in 3%(mass)sodium chloride medium

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第4期35卷 341-350页

作者： N.m'hanni T.anik R.Touir m.Galai m.Ebn Touhami E.h.Rifi Z.Asfari S.Bakkali Advanced materials and Process Engineering Laboratory Faculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityBP 13314000 KenitraMorocco Regional Center for Education and Training Professions(CRmEF) KenitraMorocco Laboratory of molecular Engineering Applied to the Analysis IPHCUMR 7178 CNRSUniversity of StrasbourgECPM25 Street Becquerel67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2France Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et moléculaire/LCAm UniversitéCadi AyyadFacultéPolydisciplinaireSidi BouzidB.P.416246000 SafiMorocco

Nichel-phosphorus(Ni-P)coatings are deposited on mild steel by using an electroless plating *** effect of three calix[4]arene derivatives,namely tetra methyl ester-P-tertbutyl calix[4]arene(Calix1),tetra acid-P-tert-butyl calix[4]arene(Calix2)and tetra methyl P-tert-butyl-thicalix[4]arene ester(Calix3)on the deposition rate,the deposit composition,and the morphological surface was investigated and the study of growth mechanisms has delivered useful information about the surface properties of *** is found that these additives modify the deposition rate and the nickel crystallization *** fact,the Calix1 and Calix3 act as an accelerator,while Calix2 acts as an inhibitor for the nickel ***,it is shown that the chemical bath is more stable with calix[4]arene derivatives addition and the obtained deposits are compact and *** is observed also that the nickel content increases with *** the other hand,the X-ray diffraction showed that the orientation peaks are intensified at{111}in the presence of Calix2,confirming obtained results of EDAX *** cyclic voltammetry revealed that the tested additives strongly influence the cathodic process and slightly affect the hypophosphite ***,it is found that these compounds improve the anticorrosion efficiency of Ni-P coating on the mild steel substrate in 3%(mass)NaCl,where its polarization resistance increases with Calix2 and Calix3 addition.

关键词： Electroless plating Ni-P coating Organic compounds Characterization Corrosion Reaction kinetics

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